algebra 1 vocabulary

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veritcal angles

A pair of opposite angles formed when two lines meet at a point

coordinate plane

A plane formed by the intersection of a horizontal number line called the x-axis and a vertical number line called the y-axis

rate

A ratio that compares two quantities measured in different units

factors

Numbers that are multiplied together to get a product

experimental probability

Probability based on data from repeating an event (doing an experiment)

theoretical probablility

The calculated chance that something will happen based on the number of ways possible

range

The difference between the highest and lowest scores in a set of data

absolute value

The distance that a number is from zero on the number line

independent variable

The experimental factor that is manipulated; the variable whose effect is being studied.

median

The middle number in a set of numbers that are listed in order

mode

The number that occurs most often in a set of data

coefficient

The numerical factor when a term has a variable

whole number

The set of numbers 0, 1, 2, 3, 4,....

natural numbers

The set of numbers 1, 2, 3, 4, ... Also called counting numbers.

constant

a quantity that does not vary

unit rate

a rate that has a denominator of 1

function

a relation where each number in the domain is paired with exactly one number in the range.

translation

a shift of a graph horizontally, vertically, or both

solution

a statement that solves a problem or explains how to solve the problem

variable

a symbol (like x or y) that is used in mathematical or logical expressions to represent a variable quantity

isoceles triangle

a triangle that has at least 2 congruent sides

scalene triangle

a triangle with no two sides of equal length

equilateral triangle

a triangle with three congruent sides

absolute value equation

a v-shaped graph that points upward or downward

composite numbers

a whole number greater than 1 that has more than two factors

term

each number in a sequence

similar figures

figures that have the same shape but not necessarily the same size

linear equation

graph is a line/degree 1 equation

consecutive integers

integers that increase or decrease incrementally by 1

constant of variation

k is the coefficient of x. The variables y and x are said to vary directly with each other

parallel lines

lines in the same plane that never intersect

inductive reasoning

making conclusions based on patterns you observe

sequence

number pattern

irrational numbers

numbers that cannot be expressed in the form a/b, where a and b are integers and b =0.

inverse operations

operations that undo each other

evaluate

substituting a given number for each variable

correlation coeficiant

tells you how closely the equation models the data

like terms

terms with exactly the same variable factors in a variable expression

conjecture

the conclusion you reach by inductive reasoning

common difference

the fixed number added to each previous term

quadrents

the four regions into which the x-axis and the y-axis that seperate the coordinate plane.

base

the number or expression that is used as a factor in a repeated multiplication

dependent variable

the outcome factor; the variable that may change in response to manipulations of the independent variable

rate of change

the relationship between two quantities that are changing, this is also slope

domain

the set of first coordinates of the ordered pairs of a relation.

real numbers

the set of numbers that includes rational and irrational numbers.

slope

the steepness of a line

function notation

to write a rule in function notation, you use the symbol f(x) in place of y

simplify

to write an expression in a simpler form

line of best fit

trend line that shows the realationship between two sets of data

opposites

two numbers that are the same distance from zero on a number line, but are in opposite directions. (-2 and 2)

reciprocals

two numbers whose product is 1

constant of variation

what the k is in the equation y = kx

y intercept

where the line crosses the y axis

x intercept

x coordinate of a point where a graph crosses the x axis/ y coordinate of this point is zero

range

y values

point slope form

y-y₁=m(x-x₁)

slope intercept form

y=mx+b

expression

a mathematical phrase that contains operations, numbers, and/or variables

equation

a mathematical sentence with an equal sign

prime

a number that has no factor but itself and 1

solution of an inequality

a number that produces a true statement when it is substituted for the variable in the inequality

conjecture

A conclusion based on guesswork or insufficient evidence

relation

A set of ordered pairs

inequality

A statement that compares two quantities using <, >, ≤,≥, or ≠

identity

An equation that is true for every value of the variable

term

a number, a variable, or the product of a number and a variable

perpendicular lines

Two lines that intersect to form right angles

compound inequality

Two or more inequalities joined together by "and" or "or"

integers

Whole numbers and their opposites

absolute value equation

a V-shaped graph that points upward or downward

ratio

a comparison of two numbers by division

direct variation

a function in the form y=kx where k=0

standerd form of a linear equation

a linear equation of the form ax+by=c, where a,b,and c are real number constants and a and b do not equal 0.

exponent

a mathematical notation indicating the number of times a quantity is multiplied by itself

arithmetic sequence

adding a fixed number to each previous term

subtraction

adding the opposite

mean

an average of n numbers computed by adding some function of the numbers and dividing by some function of n

direct variation

an equation of the form y=kx, where k does not equal 0

proportion

an equation that states that two ratios are equal

linear equation

an equation whose graph is a line.

counterexample

an example that shows a conjecture is false


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