Alimentary Canal and its Functions
Mesentery
also one of the three extensions/modifications of the peritoneum
Hard Palate
anterosuperior boundary of the oral cavity; supported by bone
Vestibule
area between the teeth and lips/cheeks
Appendix
blind sac hanging from the initial part of the colon
Peyer's Patches
collections of lymphatic tissue found in the submucosa of the small intestine
Pharynx
common passage for food and air
Villi
finger-like extensions of the intestinal mucosa that increase the surface area
Plicae Circulares
folds of the small intestine wall
Rugae
folds of the stomach mucosa
Esophagus
literally a food chute; has no digestive or absorptive rule
Lesser Omentum
membrane attached to the lesser curvature of the stomach
Greater Omentum
one of three extensions/modifications of the peritoneum
Lesser Omentum
one of three extensions/modifications of the peritoneum
Stomach
organ in which protein digestion begins
Small Intestine
organ into which the stomach empties
Colon
organ primarily involved in water absorption and feces formation
Small Intestine
organ responsible for most food and water absorption
Tongue
organ that mixes food in the mouth
Small Intestine
organ that receives pancreatic juice and bile
Ileocecal Valve
prevents food from moving back into the small intestine once it has entered the large intestine
Microvilli
projections of the plasma membrane of a cell that increase the cell's surface area
Anal Canal
region containing two sphincters through which feces are expelled from the body
Haustra
saclike outpocketings of the large intestine wall
Parietal Peritoneum
serosa of the abdominal cavity wall
Pyloric Sphincter
sphincter controlling the movement of food from the stomach into the duodenum
Mesentery
structure that suspends the small intestine from the posterior body wall
Oral Cavity AND the Stomach
two regions involved in the physical breakdown of food
Soft Palate
uvula hangs from its posterior edge
