All Learning guide Quizes- Psy 110
Which of the following correlation coefficients indicates the strongest relationship between two (2) variables?
+.80
Which of the following correlation coefficients indicates the strongest relationship between two (2) variables?
-.45
Which item would have high frequency, high amplitude sound waves?
A high-pitched jet close by.
Which definition best describes the term range of reaction? Select the best answer.
A theory that asserts our genes set the boundaries within which we can operate, and our environment interacts with the genes to determine where in that range we will fall.
Which psychological concept is illustrated in the following example?She hears a clock ticking. Absolute threshold.
Absolute threshold.
Josh is studying parts of the eye. He learns that the retina is the light-sensitive lining, the iris is the colored part of the eye, and the fovea is made up of __________.
All cones and no rods.
What can meditation help improve? Select the best answer.
All of these.
Which of the following terms is defined as a specific version of a gene?
Allele.
Kyle's doctor has diagnosed him with ADHD. Which type of medicine will Kyle's doctor most likely prescribe?
Amphetamines.
Consider the role and responsibilities of an Institutional Review Board (IRB) and the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (IACUC).Which of the following are true of an Institutional Review Board (IRB)? Select ALL that apply.
An IRB reviews the proposals before a project is submitted to determine if the research project follows the ethical principles and federal regulations for the protection of human subjects.An IRB consists of at least five (5) members of varying backgrounds.
Identify the definition that matches the term phenotype. Select the best answer.
An individual's inheritable physical characteristics.
Consider the following scenario:Maeve learns to associate school with the anxiety she feels when classmates make fun of the way she dresses.Identify the unconditioned response in this scenario.
Anxiety in response to teasing.
Which of the following statements demonstrate a positive correlation between two (2) variables? Select ALL that apply.
As average temperatures get colder, sales of ice cream tend to decrease.Higher ratings of workplace satisfaction tend to accompany higher levels of productivity.
Why is REM sleep considered paradoxical sleep? Select the best answer.
Because of the combination of high brain activity and lack of muscle tone.
Which drug would be considered a hallucinogen? Select the best answer.
Belladonna.
Researcher A believes focusing on external behavior is not enough to truly understand. Researcher B believes cognition is crucial in understanding behavior.Which researcher employs the cognitive approach? Select the best answer.
Both Researcher A & Researcher B.
Which item would have high frequency, high amplitude light waves?
Bright blue book.
Which two (2) subdivisions make up the nervous system?
Central and peripheral nervous system.
Identify a possible treatment option for Ménière's disease. Select the best answer.
Cochlear implants.
McDonald's uses a catchy jingle and the phrase "I'm lovin' it" in their commercials. The jingle creates a craving for a juicy burger and the craving is the __________.
Conditioned response.
Which of the following answers describes cells that work best in bright conditions?
Cones.
Which of the following reinforcement schedules best describes the following example?My dog, Bruno, gets a treat each time he successfully sits on command.
Continuous reinforcement.
Consider the following description of a research study:A researcher wanted to compare parenting style beliefs among collectivistic and individualistic cultures. To do this, she sent a questionnaire to parents in five (5) collectivistic countries (China, Japan, Thailand, South Korea, and Vietnam) and five (5) individualistic countries (U.S., Russia, Canada, Norway, and Denmark).Which of the following methodologies best describes the research design?
Cross-sectional study.
Which of the following is not a potential symptom of sleep deprivation?
Decreased risk of Type 2 diabetes.
Which hormone is secreted by the adrenal glands?
Epinephrine
Which of the following is an inaccurate statement about the concept of genetic environmental correlation?
Genetic environmental correlation is the same as the concept of range of reaction.
Read the following scenario:Clara consumed too much of a green apple flavored cocktail, and the alcohol caused her to vomit. The next day, she ate a green apple candy but had to spit it out because it made her so nauseated.In this example, what is the neutral stimulus (NS)?
Green apple flavor.
A dog has a loud bark. The sound waves he emits have a high frequency. What other characteristics match his bark and sound waves? Select ALL that apply.
High-pitched.High amplitude.
Identify the theorist who best completes the following statement:The researcher who examined facets of lucid dreaming was __________.
Hobson
What is produced by the endocrine glands? Select the best answer.
Hormones.
Through their experiments with Little Albert, Watson and Rayner demonstrated which concept?
How fears can be conditioned.
Which of the following statements demonstrate a positive correlation between two (2) variables? Select ALL that apply.
Individuals with higher levels of education tend to earn more income.The more time an individual spends using social media, the lonelier they feel.
Read the following scenario:Nicholas saw a hypnotist to help him stop smoking. In order to induce a hypnotic state, the hypnotist asked Nicholas to close his eyes, focus on the hypnotist's words, relax, trust the hypnotist, and use his imagination. After his session, Nicholas smoked fewer cigarettes per day.In this example, is the outcome consistent with prior research on hypnosis?
It is consistent.
Why is pain an adaptive feature? Select the best answer.
It makes us aware of an injury and/or makes us remove ourselves from the source of pain.
Which of the following are characteristics of cognitive psychology? Select ALL that apply.
It shifted the focus of psychology back to the mind.It emphasized both empirical, observable science, and mental processes.
Read the following descriptions:Omar can speak.Jeremiah can understand language.John can see the rainbow in the distance.Conner can feel the smooth surface of the rock in his hand.Who best represents the function of the temporal lobe?
Jeremiah.
Which of the following would be influenced by levels of dopamine?
Learning.
Identify the purpose of monaural and binaural cues. Select the best answer.
Localize sound.
Fill in the blank with the correct term to complete the following statement:__________ is the act of clearing the mind in order to achieve a state of relaxed awareness and focus.
Meditation
Identify the hormone that controls many glands in the endocrine system. Select the best answer
Messenger hormones.
Consider the following example:Clown fish lay hundreds or even thousands of eggs at once because most of the young will be eaten or will starve before they reproduce themselves.Which of the following principles of natural selection most applies?
More individuals are produced so each generation can survive.
Which of the following statements demonstrate a negative correlation between two (2) variables? Select ALL that apply.
Musicians who have completed more practice hours report less performance anxiety.The more time a person spends being sedentary, the lower his or her expected lifespan.
Which aspect of the following scenario best represents research?John Watson felt that phobias were learned from conditioning. In fact, he felt that a child could be trained to have a phobia with repeated pairings of a loud noise and a white rat. John conducted this study with a child named Little Albert, and Little Albert did show fear to the animal over time.
Pairing a white rat with a loud noise for Little Albert.
Which of the following procedures would a structuralist most likely use?
Participants push a button to indicate when they are first aware of the sound of a ball dropping onto a platform.
Identify the touch-related stimuli to which Meissner's corpuscles respond.
Pressure and lower frequency vibrations.
Which word or phrase has the same meaning as sense of body position?
Proprioception.
Consider the following scenario:When Trisha drinks caffeine, Cell A receives this information that caffeine is present in the system. Cell A then sends this information to Cell B by releasing dopamine. Dopamine is received by Cell B.Which component of the scenario would be considered the neurotransmitter? Select the best answer.
Release of dopamine.
Which specific step in the process of modeling is being expressed in the following statement?Claire watched a video about doll-making. She then went to the craft store, bought the materials, and made her own doll.
Reproduction.
Which aspect of the following scenario illustrates generalization? Select the best answer.When Little Albert initially learned the association between the loud noise and the rat, he would get scared when he saw the rat. He would experience that same reaction to anything white, but objects of other colors would cause no reaction.
Responding to white objects.
__________ results from chronic lack of sleep, or sleep deprivation.
Sleep debt
Which term describes not getting sufficient sleep on a chronic basis?
Sleep debt.
Which of the following is correct regarding the brain and sleep? Select the best answer.
Sleep is associated with the secretion and regulation of a number of hormones from several endocrine glands including melatonin.
In which stage of sleep does it become very difficult to wake someone?
Stages 3 and 4.
What concept is illustrated by the following example?When Max was little, he got bitten by a Pitbull. He was terrified of all dogs for years after that incident.
Stimulus generalization.
Consider the following description of a research study:A researcher wanted to examine the general attitudes of those who vote in presidential elections compared to those who do not vote. To do so, the researcher created a list of questions and planned to hand them out at public libraries and various "big box" stores.Which of the following methodologies best describes the research design?
Survey
Justin is studying pitch perception in his music class. Which theory asserts that frequency is coded by the activity level of the sensory neuron?
Temporal theory.
Read the following step in the auditory pathway:The incus movement causes the stapes to move.Identify the two (2) steps that occur immediately before this step. Select ALL that apply.
The eardrum vibration causes the malleus to move.The malleus movement causes the incus to move.
When Paula looks at an image of two (2) faces, she sees the two (2) faces. Her friend, Leah, sees a candlestick instead. This could be explained by the Gestalt principle of __________.
The figure-ground relationship.
Jacob just started a new job, and he has quickly picked up the process of operating the computer programs after his co-worker, Ted, explained them. This is an example of __________.
learned behaviors.
Judith has watched her mom cook spaghetti several times. She can now cook spaghetti herself. This is an example of __________.
learned behaviors.
Identify the term that correctly completes the following statement.Kathy had a dream that she was being chased by a giant, green monster. The giant, green monster is part of the __________ of her dream.
manifest content
Law of effect states that if an organism does something that brings about a desired result, the organism is __________ likely to do it again.
more
A __________ correlation coefficient indicates that two (2) variables change in the opposite direction.
negative
One little squirrel observed another squirrel climbing a pole to get the food out of the birdfeeder. The little squirrel then did the same thing. This is an example of __________.
observational learning.
Does the following statement oppose or support the theory of either adaptive or cognitive function of sleep?Research found a negative correlation between energy demands and time sleeping.
opposes; adaptive
The Gestalt principle of continuity explains why __________.
our eyes tend to draw a line that connects different elements.
Learning is best defined as a relatively __________ change in behavior that __________.
permanent; occurs as a result of experience.
Wendy's five-month-old baby closes its hand around any object Wendy places in its hand. This is an example of __________.
reflexes.
Today's psychologists and parenting experts recommend __________.
reinforcement.
Complete the following statement. Select the best answer.The gonads __________.
secrete sexual hormones.
Complete the following statement. Select the best answer.Psyche is a Greek word meaning __________.
soul.
Cocaine, a drug that falls in the category of __________, agonizes the dopamine neurotransmitter system by blocking the reuptake of dopamine in the neuronal synapse.
stimulants
Which gland is responsible for metabolism?
Thyroid gland.
Identify the part of the ear that is a membrane which vibrates when hit by sound waves.
Tympanic membrane.
When there is a(n) __________ between two (2) variables, one changes as the other does.
correlation
One key to prevent __________ is to be slowly weaned off of a substance or medication rather than quitting "cold turkey".
drug withdrawal
Jacob is playing a game, and he gets a newly charged "life" every ten (10) minutes. This is an example of a __________.
fixed interval reinforcement schedule.
Which answer best completes the following statement?A researcher interested in what factors make an employee best suited for a given job would most likely identify as a(n) __________ psychologist.
industrial-organizational
Mitchell is studying about the differences in classical and operant conditioning. He reads that classical conditioning is based on __________ behaviors, while operant conditioning is based on __________ behaviors.
involuntary; voluntary
Which aspect of the following description best represents the independent variable?John wants to determine if Supplement A has healing attributes after exercise. He assigns both groups to exercise, but one group is to take Supplement A after, and the other group is to take Supplement B (non-active). John then measures pain reports over the days following exercise.
Which supplement the group took.
Identify the statement that is true about pheromones.
While there has been a good deal of research about pheromones in humans, the evidence is weak and controversial; most proper, well-controlled scientific studies have failed to show any compelling evidence.
Craig is researching the impact of alcohol use. He discovers there is one thing that is not true. He discovers that __________ is not a true statement about alcohol use.
a moderate amount of alcohol is good for easing the anxiety around giving birth
According to Jung, the collective unconscious is __________.
a theoretical repository of information he believed to be shared by everyone.
Complete the following statement. Select the best answer.The somatic nervous system is __________.
associated with activities that are voluntary.
The __________ is the point where we cannot respond to visual information in that portion of the visual field.
blind spot
Complete the following statement about the somatic nervous system. Select the best answer.Efferent fibers __________.
carry signals away from the central nervous system toward the muscles.
Fill in the blank with the correct answer regarding the process of scientific research. Select the best answer.The scientific process is __________.
circular, because ideas are tested, which leads to more ideas to be tested and so on.
Ivan Pavlov, a well-known Russian physiologist, discovered __________.
classical conditioning.
Why has hypnosis been viewed with skepticism?
The media portrays it inaccurately and uses it for entertainment.
Which of the following statements demonstrate a negative correlation between two (2) variables? Select ALL that apply.
The more you spend, the less money you have.An increase in the popularity of ride sharing services coincided with a decrease in convictions for driving under the influence of alcohol.
Which of the following is an accurate statement about the pancreas?
The pancreas secretes hormones that regulate blood sugar levels.
Consider the following scenario:Lei-Mei is learning about how the sense of touch is used to detect temperature and harm. She is surprised to learn that in addition to sensory receptors in the skin that serve specific functions, there are also nerve endings that assist the sense of touch. She writes down the steps of the touch process: the medulla, sensory receptors, the spinal cord, the thalamus, the parietal lobe of the brain.What is the final destination for processing sensory touch information?
The parietal lobe of the brain.
Complete the following statement. Select the best answer.Having a dominant allele for freckles means that __________.
The person will have freckles.
What part of the brain releases melatonin?
The pineal gland.
Which of the following is an accurate statement about the pituitary gland?
The pituitary gland descends from the hypothalamus at the base of the brain.
Consider the following scenario:Each time a dog is presented with a juicy steak, a bell is rung. The steak causes the dog to salivate, and eventually, the dog salivates in response to the bell.Identify the conditioned stimulus in this scenario.
The ringing bell.
Which of the following is an accurate statement about the thyroid gland?
The thyroid gland releases hormones that regulate growth, metabolism, and appetite.
When sound waves travel down the ear, what part of the ear is physically affected first?
The tympanic membrane (eardrum).
Which aspect of the following description best represents the independent variable?The researcher wanted to determine if a woman's clothing style influenced victim blaming in rape scenarios. Participants read one of two (2) prompts. In one, the woman was dressed provocatively. In the other, she was dressed modestly. Reactions to a rape scenario were measured.
The way the woman was dressed.
Consider the following scenario:Each time that researchers blow a puff of air into a subject's eye, the subject blinks. The researchers pair the puff of air with a whistle. After several repetitions, the subject blinks at the sound of the whistle alone.Identify the conditioned stimulus in this scenario.
The whistle.
