All of Braden Little's Exam Sets (NO LABELING, FOR LABELING GO TO BradenLittle33)

Lactase breaks down lactose in dairy products. Which is the enzyme and which is the substrate? enzymne________ substrate___________

Enzyme- lactase Substrate- Lactose

Give an example of a common base:

Sodium Hydroxide or Blood Plasma

The three most common types of atoms in your body are: a) hydrogen, oxygen, and carbon b) carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen c) carbon, nitrogen, oxygen d) carbon, oxygen, phosphorus

a) hydrogen, oxygen, and carbon

A light microscope has an ocular lens on 10X and an objective lens of 20X has a total magnification of: a. 200X b. 2000X c. 30X d. 3000x

a. 200X

Which cell scientists stated that all plants are made of cells? a. Matthias Scheiden b. Robert Hooke c. Theodor Schwann d. Anton Van Leeuwenhoek

a. Matthias Scheiden

The monomer of cellulose is: a. a monosaccharide b. a fatty acid c. an amino acid d. a nucleotide

a. a monosaccharide

A molecule that has a partial negative charge on one side and a partial positive charge on the other side is called a(an): a. a polar molecule b. non polar molecule c. ton d. Bipolar molecule

a. a polar molecule

A channel protein that assists with osmosis is a: a. aquaporin b. membrane pump c. proton pump d. ATP receptor protein

a. aquaporin

Organisms that make their own food through photosynthesis are called? a. autotrophs b. hetertrophs c. homeostasis d. bacteria

a. autotrophs

Numerous hairlike organelles that protrude from the surface of a cell and are packed in tight rows are called: a. cillia b. flagella c. microtubles d. actin filaments

a. cillia

Th structural protein found in your skin is: a. collagen b. glycogen c. cellulose d. lactose

a. collegen

The dispersal ink in a beaker of water is an example of: a. diffusion b. osmosis c. active transport d. endocytokenisis

a. diffusion

The English physician Ronald Ross wanted to try to find the cause for malaria. Based on his observations and research, Dr. Ross suggested that the Anopheles mosquito might spread malaria from person to person. This suggestion was a: a. hypothesis b. inference c. theory d. conclusion

a. hypothesis

Plasmolysis may occur in a plant cell: a. in a hypertonic solution b. in a hypotonic solution c. in an isotonic solution d. both b and c are correct

a. in a hypertonic solution

Diffusion of water across a semipermeable membrane: a. is called osmosis b. always involves a carrier protein c. requires energy from the cell d. occurs from lesser concentration to greater

a. is called osmosis

In multicellular organisms, tissues are organized into: a. organs b. organisms c. organ systems d. tissues

a. organs

The structural level of a protein least affected by a disruption in hydrogen bonding is: a. primary level b. secondary level c. tertiary level d. quaternary level

a. primary level

While preparing a cell culture, a scientist places a colony of bacteria into distilled water and stirs it. The mixture of water and living cells would best be called: a. suspension b. solution c. a colloid d. a buffer

a. suspension

When a biologist takes an egg from a salt water fish and places it in fresh water the egg will probably? a. swell b. shrink c. stay the same

a. swell

The type of lipid that provides a protective layer on the outside of plant leaves and a protective layer in your ear is: a. wax b. fat c. oil d. steriod

a. wax

Which of the following is not true about organic compounds? a. contain functional groups b. always contain carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen c. are derived from living things d. are produced though condensation reactions

b) always contain carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen

Which of the following is not true of facilitated diffusion: a. It requires a carrier protein b. It moves substances against a concentration gradient c. It requires no energy output d. It moves substances along a concentration gradient

b. It moves substances against a concentration gradient

Solutions with a pH less than 7 are: a. colloids b. acids c. bases d. neutral

b. acids

Who reviews articles for peer-reviewed journals? a. Lawmakers b. Anonymous and independent experts c. the scientist that did the experiment d. the company that paid for the experiments

b. anonymous and independent experts

All of the following are lipids except: a. saturated fats b. cellulose c. testostrone d. tryglycerides

b. cellulose

Which of the following is a structural polysaccharide? a. collagen, b. chitin c. starch d. keratin

b. chitin

To observe a small living organism, a scientist must use an: a. electronic balance b. compound light microscope c. Scanning electron microscope d. Telescope

b. compound light microscope

A DNA molecule: a. is double stranded and contains the sugar ribose b. contains the sugar dioxyribose and the nitrogen bases A, T, C, and G c. is single stranded and contains the sugar dioxyribose d. contains the sugar ribose and the nitrogen bases, A,T, C, and G

b. contains the sugar dioxyribose and the nitrogen bases A, T, C, and G

Cells in multicellular organisms have many different sizes, shapes, and functions. This characteristic allows the organism to: a. reproduce b. develop c. grow d. respond

b. develop

Which of the following is a theory? a. the effect of gravity on objects b. how the universe was formed c. in a chemical reaction, mass is neither created nor destroyed d. every action produces a reaction that is equivalent and opposite

b. how the universe was formed

A cell will shrink when put into a(n): a. hypotonic solution b. hypertonic solution c. isotonic solution d. none of the above

b. hypertonic solution

The resolution of the microscope refers to: a.the ability to increase objects apparent size b. its ability to show detail clearly c. its series of interchangeable d. its power to scan the surface of the object

b. its ability to show detail clearly

The chemical processes in the living cell are collectively called: a. adaptation b. metabolism c. respiration d. homeostasis

b. metabolism

Compared to Plutonium-238, the radioisotope Plutonium-239 has: a. a different atomic number b. one more neutron c. one more proton d. one more electron

b. one more neutron

By which process do some animal cells use to engulf, digest and destroy invading bacterial cells? a. endocytosis b. phagocytosis c. pinocytosis d. plasmolysis

b. phagocytosis

Which type of lipid is important in the structure of the cell membrane? a. cellulose b. phospholipid c. starch d. wax

b. phospholipid

You have been injured in the laboratory (cut, burned, etc.) First you should: a. visit the school nurse b. tell the teacher at once c. apply first aid to yourself d. text your mother

b. tell the teacher at once

The presence of viruses inside a cell can best be seen using a: a. compound light microscopes b. transmission electron microscope c. scanning electron microscope d. MRI

b. transmission electron microscope

For a protein to have a quaternary structure, it must have a. four amino acids b. two or more polypeptide subunits c. four polypeptide units d. at least one alpha helix and one beta pleated sheet

b. two or more polypeptide subunits

Which of the following are not macromolecules: a) proteins b) starches c) nucleotides d) steroids e) cellulose

c) nucleotides

The organic macromolecule that participates in the expression of genes through protein synthesis is: a. ATP b. DNA c. RNA d. Testosterone

c. RNA

Which of the following scientists first stated that all animals are made of cells? a. Matthias Schliden b. Robert Hooke c. Theodor Shawnn d. Anton Van Leeuwenhook

c. Theodor Shawnn

A change in body temperature or pH might cause enzyme inactivation because: a. enzymes can only function in alkaline conditions b. a change in pH or temperature might cause hydrolysis of an enzyme c. a change in temperature and shape may change the shape of an enzyme d. pH and temperature of no influence on the inactivation of an enzyme

c. a change in temperature and shape may change the shape of an enzyme

Which of the following is not part of the cell theory? a. all living things are made of cells b. cells come from other living cells c. all cells have genetic material enclosed in a nucleus d. none of the above

c. all cells have genetic material enclosed in a nucleus

Which of the following components is not part of a nulceotide a. nitrogenous base b. sugar c. carboxyl group d. phophate group

c. carboxyl group

Both active transport and facilitated diffusion involve: a. movement up (against) the concentration gradient b. movement down (with) the concentration gradient c. carrier proteins d. both a and c

c. carrier proteins

The smallest units that can carry on all of the functions of life are called: a. molecules b. organelles c. cells d. atoms

c. cells

Suppose that a scientist proposes a hypothesis about how a newly discovered virus affects humans. Other virus researches would likely: a. reject the hypothesis right away b. change the hypothesis to fit their own findings c. design a new experiment to test the proposed hypothesis d. assume that the hypothesis is true for all viruses

c. design a new experiment to test the proposed hypothesis

Glucose enters the cell usually by: a. active transport b. osmosis c. facilitated diffusion d. diffusion

c. facilitated diffusion

What is the name of a molecule that is stored in the liver of an animal and serves as energy storage? a. starch b. cellulose c. glycogen d. colagen

c. glycogen

which of the following is a disaccharide a. glucose b. galactose c. lactose d. cellulose

c. lactose

A cell membrane is composed of: a. cellulose and protein b. carbohydrate and protein c. lipid and protein d. amino acids and proteins

c. lipid and protein

A active cell might contain large numbers of: a. chromosomes b. vacuoles c. mitochondria d. endoplasmic reticulum

c. mitocondria

The principal point of Charles Darwins theory of evolution was that: a. organisms that are the strongest survive b. organisms will evolve during their lifetime to better fit their environment c. organisms with adaptations that better fit their environment will more likely survive to pass the adaptation on to their offspring d. all of the above

c. organisms with adaptations that better fit their environment will more likely survive to pass the adaptation on to their offspring

What kind of ion forms when an atom loses an electron a. neutral b. negative c. positive d. possible negative or positive

c. positive

Cell membrane proteins that relay chemical messages across the cell membrane are called: a. marker proteins b. channel proteins c. receptor proteins d. superficial proteins

c. receptor proteins

What is the reason why hydrocarbons are not soluble in water? a. they are large molecules b. the C-H bond is polar c. the C-H bond is non polar d. they are hydrophilic

c. the C-H bond is not polar

Surface area is an important factor in limiting cell growth because: a. the cell can burst if the membrane becomes to large b. materials cannot enter the cell if the surface is to large c. the cell may become to large to tale in enough food and to remove wastes d. waste products cannot leave the cell if the cell is too small

c. the cell may become to large to tale in enough food and to remove wastes

The theory of endosymbiosis explains: a. differences in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells b. the differences between chloroplast and mitochondria c. the evolution of the eukaryotic cell from the prokaryotic cell d. the evolution of the prokaryotic cell to the eukaryotic cell

c. the evolution of the eukaryotic cell from the prokaryotic cell

Variations in the properties of different organic molecules are most closely associated with: a. the number of carbon atoms comprising the molecules skeleton b. the presence of absence of double bonds c. the type of functional group they contain d. the orientation of the carbon skeleton, either as a ring or linear

c. the type of functional group they contain

Which of the following statements concerning saturated fats is correct? A. they are more common in plants than animals b. they have double bonds in the carbon chains of their fatty acids c. they are solid at room temperature d. the contain less hydrogen that unsaturated fats having the same number of carbon atoms

c. they are solid at room temp

A paramecium is placed in a dish of distilled water which statement describes the cell that allows paramecium to achieve homeostasis? a. water leaves the cell by osmosis, and contractile vacuoles obtain water to maintain homeostasis b. water leaves the cell by osmosis, and the central vacuoles obtain water to maintain homeostasis c. water enters the cell by osmosis and the contractile vacuoles eliminate excess water d. water enters the cell by osmosis and the central vacuoles eliminates excess water

c. water enters the cell by osmosis and the contractile vacuoles eliminate excess water

What is the function of an enzyme?

catalyzes biochemical reactions

What is the function of a receptor protein?

cell communication

Carbon is different from valence electrons in that: a) it has four valence electrons b) it readily forms bonds with other carbon atoms c) it can form single, double, or triple bonds with other atoms d) all of the above

d) all of the above

The breakdown of starch into glucose occurs through a process called: a) adhesion b) cohesion c) condensation d) hydrolysis

d) hydrolysis

A solution with a pH of 5 has fewer hydrogen ions than a solution with a pH of 3: a. 2 b. 4 c. 10 d. 100 e. 1000

d. 100

The idea that all living cells come from preexisting cells was proposed by: a.Robert Hooke b. Theodor Shawn c. Matthias Shleiden d. Rudolph Virchow e. Anton van Leeuwenhoek

d. Rudolph Virchow

A certain cell has no nucleus, mitochondria, or endoplasmic reticulum. It does contain DNA, ribosomes, and cytoplasm. Based on this information this cell could be: a. A cell from a pine tree b. A grasshopper cell c. a cell from a mushroom d. A bacterial cell

d. a bacterial cell

The phospholipid molecules of most membranes have: a. a hydrophobic head and a hydrophilic tail b. a hydrophobic head and a hydrophobic tail c. a hydrophobic head and two hydrophobic tails d. a hydrophillic head and two hydrophobic tails

d. a hydrophilic head and two hydrophobic tails

During a controlled experiment, a scientists isolates and tests a. a conclusion b. a mass of information c. a control group d. a singe variable

d. a single variable

Carbon, Hydrogen, and Oxygen are the elements that compose: a. carbohydrats b. lipids c. proteins d. both a and b

d. both a and d

Fructose: a. is a disaccharide b. is a monosaccharide c. is found in fruit d. both b and c

d. both b and c

Placing a plant into a hypertonic environment will: a. cause turgor pressure to increase b. cause the plant cell to take in water c. cause cytolysis d. cause turgor pressure to decrease

d. cause turgor pressure to decrease

Which cytology tool will we use to grow bacteria on artificial media? a. electron microscopy b. wet mount c. incubation d. cell culture

d. cell culture

Organic molcules that make up the cell walls of a sunflower are: a. glucose b. glycogen c. frutose d. cellulose

d. cellulose

Which of the following processes includes all others on the list? a. osmosis b. diffusion c. facilitated diffusion d. passive transport

d. diffusion

Which of the following activities of the cell membrane requires energy from the cell? a. diffusion b. osmosis c. passive transport d. endocytosis

d. endocytosis

The figure above shows that three finches and ground finches are descended from a common ancestor. This example represents which theme in biology? a. interdependence b. homeostasis c. unity and diversity d. evolution

d. evolution

The process by which a cell in the pancreas would release insulin is: a. pinocytosis b. phagocytosis c. endocytosis d. exocytosis

d. exocytosis

Use of carrier proteins to move particles from a region of greater concentration to a region of lesser concentration is called: a. osmosis b. plasmolysis c. active transport d. facilitated diffusion

d. facilitated diffusion

About 12 to 24 hours after the last meal, a person's blood sugar level normally varies from 60 to 90 milligrams per 100 milliliters of blood, although it may rise to 130 mg/100 ml after meals high in carbohydrates. The blood sugar level is maintained within a fairly narrow range despite uneven intake of sugar is due to the body's ability to carry out: a. adaptation b. inhertance c. Metabolism d. Homeostasis e. All of these

d. homeostasis

Ecology: a. refers to a change in a group of animals over time b. refers to the delicate internal balance within organisms c. is the study of rocks and minerals d. is the study of the relationship between an organism and its enviorment

d. is the study of the relationship between an organism and its enviorment

Biology is the study of: a. minerals b. energy c. pluto d. life

d. life

A scientist noticed that in acidic pond water some salamanders developed with curved spines. This was an: a. hypothesis b. theory c. control d. observation

d. observation

A fully functional molecule of hemoglobin is a good example of _____ protein structure: a. primary b. secondary c. tertiary d. quaternary

d. quaternary

The twenty different amino acids found in poplypeptides exhibit different chemical and physical properties because of different: a. carboxyl groups b. amino groups c. tertirary structure d. side chains (R-groups)

d. side chains (R-groups)

The way in which elements bond to form compounds depends on which of the following? a. the model of the atom b. the structural formula of the compound c. the dissociation of the ions in the compound d. the number and arrangement of electrons in the atoms of the elements

d. the number and arrangement of electrons in the atoms of the elements

What is the general term for a group of cells that carry out a common function? a. organ b. organism c. system d. tissue

d. tissue

What would be an expected consequence of changing one amino acid in a particular protein? a. the tertiary structure might be changed b. the primary structure would be changed c. the biological activity of the protein might be altered d. only a and c are correct e. a c, and e are correct

e. a, c, e are correct

Which of the following is characteristic of eukaryotes? a. They have a nucleus b. They were found on the earth before prokaryotes c. they were found on earth after prokaryotes d. Both a and b e. Both a and c

e. both a and c

The seconary structure of a protein can be: a. heilcal b. sheetlike c. globular d. the sequence of amino acids e. both helical and sheet like

e. both helical and sheet like

Which type of cell would probably provide the best opportunity to study lysosomes? a. muscle cell b. nerve cell c. bacterial cell d. leaf cell plant e. phagocytic white blood cell

e. phagocytic white blood cell

How are chloroplasts similar to mitochondria? a. They are both found in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells b. they are both found in animal cells c. they both contain their own DNA d. they both replicate independently of the cell e. both b and c f. both c and d

f. both c and d

What is the function of insulin?

hormone that regulates blood sugar

What is the function of an antibody?

immune defense

What is the function of keratin?

provide structure

A _________ _____________ microscope passes a beam of electrons over a specimen outer surface

scanning electron

A ___________ _______________ microscope passes a beam of electrons through a thin slice of the specimen

transmission electron

What is the function of hemoglobin?

transport oxygen