American Government Ch. 14

Almost ______ of presidential nominations to the Supreme Court have been either rejected or not acted on by the Senate.

20%

President _____ was unique in going against a decision of the Supreme Court when he said, "John Marshall has made his decision; now let him enforce it."

Andrew Jackson

Laws in the United States are based largely on the

English common-law tradition.

What procedure does an appellate court use when it reviews a case?

It uses a panel of judges to review the records of the case.

What statement describes the doctrine of stare decisis?

Judges must abide by precedent of earlier cases unless there is a clear reason to distinguish the current case from predecessors.

Under the direction of the _____ Court, the civil rights movement was propelled forward when racial segregation was seen as violating the equal protection clause.

Warren

​How is the U.S. solicitor general selected?

appointed by the president

Presidents have the power to change the direction of the Supreme Court and the federal judiciary by

appointing new judges who in principle have philosophies consistent with the president.

The concept of the Constitution being a "living constitution" would be adopted by those who believe in

broad construction.

The U.S. district courts are considered courts of general jurisdiction which means that they

can hear cases involving a broad array of issues.

The __________ is responsible for overseeing the federal court system including its $5.5 billion budget.

chief justice

When a Supreme Court justice agrees with the decision of the majority but wants to clarify a particular point in the ruling, he or she would prepare a(n) _____ opinion.

concurring

The executive and legislative branches are responsible for judicial implementation because the Supreme Court​

does not have any enforcement powers.

The power of _____ provides a check on Congress's lawmaking authority.

judicial review

One effective tool that Congress has at its disposal for controlling the federal courts is the power to

limit the funds that are necessary to carry out a court ruling.

The practice of senatorial courtesy refers to the

power provided to senators to veto candidates for federal district courts in their state.

When a witness in a case refuses to answer questions, that witness might be cited for contempt of court and might be taken into custody. Contempt of court is an example of a(n)

procedural rule.

When the U.S. government passed the Foreign Service Intelligence Act, it was the first time the government established a(n) _____ court.

secret

When a Supreme Court case is remanded, it means that the case is

sent back to the court that originally heard it.

A(n) ______ is a law enacted by a federal or state legislature.

statute

If the federal government implements a regulation that says companies producing more than five tons of waste each year must install toxic evaluation equipment, the government is issuing a(n)

statute

In today's Supreme Court, during the conferences held by the justices to decide a case

strict privacy is maintained.

The U.S. federal courts derive their power from

the Constitution

The process for deciding whether a law is contrary to _____ is known as judicial review.

the Constitution

The Supreme Court's power of judicial review was established by

the Court's decision in Marbury v. Madison.

The impact of the lower courts can be felt on the Supreme Court because

the Supreme Court rarely makes broad and clear-cut statements, allowing lower court interpretation.

The opportunity for the president to appoint members to the federal judiciary is valuable because

the political views of the president will continue to be institutionalized long after they have left the White House.

Public opinion can serve as a check on the judiciary because

the public may pressure elected officials to refuse to enforce an unpopular ruling.

A federal question refers to one that has to do with the U.S. Constitution, acts of Congress or

treaties

When William the Conqueror began the process of unifying the king's courts, the courts began the practice of compiling important decisions in volumes known as

year books.