American Govt (PLS) Chapter 4 Smartbook

Which of the following is a description of the plain view exception? Multiple choice question. Evidence found in plain sight is inadmissible if it is unrelated to the infraction for which a suspect was stopped. Evidence found in plain sight is admissible even if a suspect was stopped for another, unrelated infraction. If a suspect places illegal substances in the plain view of police during a stop, rather than trying to hide them, the penalty for possession is reduced. Government agencies are allowed to spy on citizens if the citizens' activities take place in plain view of the government agents.

Evidence found in plain sight is admissible even if a suspect was stopped for another, unrelated infraction.

Select all that apply The Bill of Rights protects a number of civil liberties, including freedom Blank______. Multiple select question. of the press of speech from hunger

of the press of speech

Which of the following allows the admission of evidence that was immediately visible in the course of stopping a person for another infraction? Multiple choice question. inevitable discovery exception exclusionary rule good faith exception plain view exception

plain view exception

The attempt to block the publication of material considered to be harmful is known as Blank______ restraint. Multiple choice question. civil federal prior post

prior

The right of an individual to be left alone without any interference from others is known as the right to Blank______. Multiple choice question. privacy silence anonymity isolation.

privacy

Law enforcement officials sometimes controversially rely on the practice of ____________, the assumption that certain groups of people are more likely to commit particular crimes.

racial profiling

According to the establishment clause, the government is required to Blank______. Multiple choice question. remain neutral toward all religions favor religious groups over nonreligious groups establish an official religion in the United States favor nonreligious groups over religious groups

remain neutral toward all religions

In a 2010 CNN survey, 2 in 5 Americans stated that individuals arrested by police on suspicion of terrorism Blank______. Multiple choice question. were not entitled to a court-appointed attorney should not be read their Miranda rights should immediately be designated "enemy combatants" should be detained in Guantánamo Bay

should not be read their Miranda rights

The right to legal counsel is a Blank______ Amendment protection. Multiple choice question. Second First Sixth Fourth

sixth

The Supreme Court has ruled that the right of free assembly Blank______. Multiple choice question. takes precedence over the mere possibility that the exercise of the right might have undesirable consequences does not apply to assemblies aimed to show displeasure with a protected minority group does not exist if it might offend a majority of onlookers is more important than any disruptions it may cause in the lives of others

takes precedence over the mere possibility that the exercise of the right might have undesirable consequences

Which amendment to the Constitution contains the establishment clause and the free-exercise clause? Multiple choice question. the First Amendment the Fourth Amendment the Sixth Amendment the Fifth Amendment

the First Amendment

Select all that apply Which of the following amendments contribute to ensuring criminal due process? Multiple select question. the First Amendment the Fourth Amendment the Tenth Amendment the Fifth Amendment the Eighth Amendment the Sixth Amendment

the Fourth Amendment the Fifth Amendment the Eighth Amendment the Sixth Amendment

Select all that apply In Hamdan v. Rumsfeld (2006), the Supreme Court ruled that enemy combatant detainees were protected by which of the following? Multiple select question. the U.S. Uniform Code of Military Justice the Geneva Conventions the UN Court of Human Rights the International Court of Justice

the U.S. Uniform Code of Military Justice the Geneva Conventions

Which of the following acts of legislation after the September 11 terrorist attacks gave government greater surveillance power to monitor phone calls and emails without a warrant or court order? Multiple choice question. the Espionage Act the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act the USA Patriot Act the Protect America Act

the USA Patriot Act

Which of the following statements is true regarding freedom of the press? Multiple choice question. Freedom of the press receives strong judicial protection. Freedom of the press receives little judicial protection. The White House Press Secretary must approve all media releases regarding government policies. The government can prohibit publication before it occurs.

Freedom of the press receives strong judicial protection.

Select all that apply Which of the following statements are true concerning the right of assembly? Multiple select question. Individuals cannot hold an assembly at a busy intersection during rush hour. Regulations of public assemblies must be applied fairly to all groups. Nonviolent public assemblies can be held at any time or place without restriction. Public officials can regulate the time and place of assemblies.

Individuals cannot hold an assembly at a busy intersection during rush hour. Regulations of public assemblies must be applied fairly to all groups. Public officials can regulate the time and place of assemblies.

In 1993, a Wisconsin law that allowed lengthier sentences for hate crimes was challenged as a violation of the First Amendment. How did the Court rule? Multiple choice question. It upheld the law because it was not aimed at free speech but at actions that were not protected by the First Amendment. It struck down the law because hate crimes are an extension of hate speech and are therefore protected. It upheld the law because hate crimes are tied to hate speech in such a way that meets the clear-and-present-danger test. It struck down the law because it did not meet the imminent lawless action test.

It upheld the law because it was not aimed at free speech but at actions that were not protected by the First Amendment.

Which of the following cases established that law enforcement officers must advise detainees of their rights, including the right to remain silent and the right to an attorney, before beginning questioning in a criminal investigation? Multiple choice question. Mapp v. Ohio Miranda v. Arizona Lawrence v. Texas Roe v. Wade

Miranda v. Arizona

The constitutional right to bear arms is found in which of the following amendments? Multiple choice question. Fourth Amendment Fifth Amendment Third Amendment Second Amendment

Second Amendment

In Schenck v. United States (1919), Justice Holmes used which analogy in upholding the government's right to restrict speech that poses a clear and present danger? Multiple choice question. People on public land cannot post signs warning about dangerous animals that aren't really present. The First Amendment permits people to yell "Fire" in a crowded theater only if they think they smell smoke. The First Amendment does not permit a person to falsely yell "Fire" in a crowded theater. Even though rumors about emergencies can be dangerous, people must be allowed to spread them in case they are true.

The First Amendment does not permit a person to falsely yell "Fire" in a crowded theater.

The Supreme Court decision in Schenck v. United States established which principle? Multiple choice question. The federal government can and should restrict free expression at its discretion. The federal government, but not state governments, can restrict free expression when national security is at issue. The federal government can restrict free expression, but it does not have unlimited authority to do so. The federal government cannot restrict free expression in any way.

The federal government can restrict free expression, but it does not have unlimited authority to do so.

What unique circumstance existed at the time of the Korematsu v. United States decision? Multiple choice question. The nation was at war. It was the "tough on crime" 1990s. It was the height of the Civil Rights movement. The Supreme Court was ideologically split.

The nation was at war.

Why was the National Security Agency's collection of Americans' phone records, as revealed by Edward Snowden in 2013, ruled unlawful by a Federal appellate court? Multiple choice question. The program had not been authorized by Congress. The program had not been properly supervised by the the Justice Department. The program violated the Fourth Amendment's protection against unreasonable search and seizure. The program was targeting foreign terrorists and should have been supervised by the CIA.

The program had not been authorized by Congress.

What is the purpose of the Fifth and Fourteenth Amendments? Multiple choice question. They provide that no person can be deprived of life, liberty, or property without due process of law. They prohibit the government from establishing a state religion. They protect citizens from the quartering of troops in their private residences. They guarantee the right of a well-regulated militia to keep and bear arms.

They provide that no person can be deprived of life, liberty, or property without due process of law.

In the case of Korematsu v. United States (1944), the courts Blank______. Multiple choice question. said the government must observe the same civil rights procedures in times of war and peace permanently revoked the citizenship rights of Americans of Japanese descent allowed government polices during wartime that would not be allowed in times of peace ruled that the forced detention of American citizens was never acceptable

allowed government polices during wartime that would not be allowed in times of peace

In its rulings in Riley v. California (2014) and United States v. Wurie (2014), the Supreme Court compared the search of a suspect's cell phone or similar electronic device to Blank______. Multiple choice question. installing "bugging" devices in a suspect's home and work environments an exhaustive search of a suspect's home an FBI background check an extensive credit report

an exhaustive search of a suspect's home

The cases of Riley v. California (2014) and United States v. Wurie (2014) both dealt with the use of what technology? Multiple choice question. body cameras Bluetooth devices cell phones personal recording devices

cell phones

Constitutional guarantees that protect citizens from arbitrary government action are known as Blank______. Multiple choice question. civil liberties civil procedures civil rights civil justices

civil liberties

The exclusionary rule restricts the ability of Blank______. Multiple choice question. victims to be present in the courtroom during a criminal trial judges to confer with colleagues during a trial courts to admit illegally obtained evidence during a trial the press to cover criminal proceedings

courts to admit illegally obtained evidence during a trial

The Eighth Amendment protects people convicted of crimes from Blank______. Multiple choice question. an unfair sentencing trial double jeopardy unreasonable search and seizure in prison cruel and unusual punishment

cruel and unusual punishment

Select all that apply In following the Eighth Amendment, the Supreme Court has used which of the following tests to determine if an action constitutes cruel and unusual punishment? Multiple select question. determining if a punishment "leads to overwhelming remorse and depression" determining if a punishment is "unnecessarily cruel" determining whether a punishment is "disproportionate to the offence" determining if a punishment violates "fundamental standards of good conscience and fairness"

determining if a punishment is "unnecessarily cruel" determining whether a punishment is "disproportionate to the offence" determining if a punishment violates "fundamental standards of good conscience and fairness"

Which of the following is likely to convince a judge that police should be issued a search warrant? Multiple choice question. indicating the neighborhood the suspect lives in describing the ethnicity and religion of the suspect noting the suspect's reputation for being a lawbreaker establishing probable cause for believing a crime has been committed

establishing probable cause for believing a crime has been committed

In Engle v. Vitale (1962), the Supreme Court ruled against the reciting of prayers in public schools on grounds it violates the Blank______. Multiple choice question. necessary and proper clause free-exercise clause commerce clause establishment clause

establishment clause

The _________clause of the First Amendment bans the state from helping religious institutions, whereas the ______ clause bans the state from restricting the free practice of religion by individuals. Multiple choice question. free-exercise; establishment free speech; establishment establishment; free-exercise establishment; free speech

establishment; free-exercise

Freedom of _____ is the right of individual Americans to hold and communicate thoughts of their choosing.

expression

Based on the exclusionary rule, evidence that is illegally obtained can normally be used in a trial. True False

false

True or false: According to the Supreme Court, police can search a person's home merely on the basis of a hunch that the owner might be breaking the law. True False

false

True or false: In a 1992 cases involving a St. Paul, Minnesota, city ordinance, the Supreme Court ruled that the government can restrict hate speech as it causes "anger or alarm." True False

false

True or false: The right to appeal after conviction is guaranteed in the Constitution. True false

false

Under the Fifth Amendment, suspects charged with a Blank______. Multiple choice question. state crime cannot be tried unless indicted by a grand jury federal or state crime cannot be tried unless indicted by a grand jury violent crime lose their right to have their case heard before a grand jury federal crime cannot be tried unless indicted by a grand jury

federal crime cannot be tried unless indicted by a grand jury

The Bill of Rights initially applied to which level or levels of government? Multiple choice question. regional federal only state only federal and state

federal only

Which amendment to the United States Constitution protects individuals from testifying against themselves in a court of law? Multiple choice question. Sixth Fourth Second Fifthfifth

fifth

The First Amendment protection that makes it illegal for the government to enact laws that restrict the free practice of religion by any individual is known as the Blank______. Multiple choice question. commerce clause prayer and practice clause establishment clause free-exercise clause

free-exercise clause

The barrier to restrict speech established in Brandenburg v. Ohio (1969) is best described as Blank______. Multiple choice question. moderate imposing easily overcome

imposing

The Supreme Court has ruled that prisoners should generally appeal their cases first Blank______. Multiple choice question. in federal district courts in state courts to state supreme courts to the U.S. Supreme Court

in state courts

As a result of changes in sentencing policies, the U.S. prison population, per capita, Blank______. Multiple choice question. is among the lowest of the Western democracies is the largest in the world is second only to Russia is second only to Cuba

is the largest in the world

Which of these groups is typically more protective of individual rights? Multiple choice question. judges police officers general public elected officials

judges

Constitutional guarantees that protect citizens' individual rights are known as civil ____________

liberties

Select all that apply What are the religious clauses in the First Amendment? (Choose every correct answer.) Multiple select question. the establishment clause the commerce clause the necessary and proper clause the free-exercise clause

the establishment clause the free-exercise clause

Today, most of the guarantees in the Bill of Rights are protected from action by which of the following? Multiple choice question. local municipalities the federal government only state governments only the federal and state governments

the federal and state governments

Select all that apply What are the religious clauses in the First Amendment? (Choose every correct answer.) Multiple select question. the free-exercise clause the necessary and proper clause the establishment clause the commerce clause

the free-exercise clause the establishment clause

In Brandenburg v. Ohio (1969) the Supreme Court developed which of the following tests that expanded protections for Americans to voice political opinions? Multiple choice question. the imminent lawless action test the Lemon test the clear-and-present-danger test the clear-and-probable-danger test

the imminent lawless action test

The 1977 Supreme Court case that provided guidance on the allowable restrictions on freedom of speech and freedom of assembly upheld which of the following? Multiple choice question. the right of a group of Equal Rights Amendment supporters to hold a rally at a busy intersection during rush hour in Dallas the right of a pro-gun group to hold a parade in Charlotte, near a number of churches, on Sunday during worship services the right of an American Nazi Party group to hold a parade in Skokie, a city with a large Jewish population that included Holocaust survivors

the right of an American Nazi Party group to hold a parade in Skokie, a city with a large Jewish population that included Holocaust survivors

Select all that apply The Second Amendment protects and supports which of the following? Multiple select question. the right to keep and bear arms protection against unreasonable search and seizure freedom of association a well-regulated militia

the right to keep and bear arms a well-regulated militia

Select all that apply Identify the rights that the federal government is obliged to protect according to the Bill of Rights. Multiple select question. the right to legal counsel the right to a jury trial protection from unreasonable searches the right to use arms under all circumstances protection from arrest

the right to legal counsel the right to a jury trial protection from unreasonable searches

What was the name of the 1798 law that criminalized any speech or writings critical of the national government's authority? Multiple choice question. the Treason Act the Sedition Act the Stamp Act the Unlawful Criticism Act

the sedition act

True or false: Although it is a core principle for most Americans, the right to privacy is not explicitly mentioned in the Constitution. True False

true

The Supreme Court consistently ruled that the George W. Bush administration's practice of denying constitutional and legal protections to enemy combatants was Blank______. Multiple choice question. required under international law under the jurisdiction of the United States courts admissible under the Bill of Rights not an issue that the Supreme Court would review

under the jurisdiction of the United States courts