American History Unit 3
What treaty ended the War of 1812?
Treaty of Ghent
A separate vote for president and vice president was required by the _____ Amendment to the Constitution.
Twelfth
Which of the following does not describe the state of the country's preparedness for the War of 1812? 1: The United States had an ocean-going navy of fewer than twenty vessels. 2: The army was small, and the men were poorly trained. 3: Congress' efforts to raise money for the war were thwarted by the minority that was against the war. 4: Loyal Americans were eager to give up their civilian jobs to volunteer to fight for the cause of their nation.
4
The _____ sought to regain their market for manufacturers in America by reducing the cost of their goods.
British
Leaders of the two political parties were Hamilton of the _____ Party and Madison and Jefferson of the _____ Party.
Federalist Republican
The XYZ Affair was an attempt by the United States to negotiate a peaceful agreement with what country?
France
Pinckney's Treaty was an agreement between the United States and _____.
Spain
What country did the United States acquire Florida from?
Spain
List four ways in which the United States benefited from the War of 1812.
The United States benefited from the War of 1812 in multiple ways. One benefit being the gained respect of foreign nations. America also learned to provide products for itself. There was a new spirit of nationalism established by the now proud Americans. Finally, most of the Indian enemies for the time were defeated.
Andrew Jackson: 1: successfully captured Montreal from the British in 1813 2: was a self-trained military genius who won the battle of New Orleans from the British 3: represented the United States in the peace negotiations at Ghent, Belgium 4: all of the above
2
The Embargo Act was an attempt to: 1: punish the southern states for seceding from the Union 2: bring an end to the impressment of American seamen 3: permanently damage the American economy 4: exert pressure on England after the Chesapeake Affair
4
The Missouri Compromise of 1820 stated that: 1: Missouri be admitted as a slave state 2: Maine be admitted as a free state 3: slavery was prohibited in the Louisiana Purchase north of the 36° 30' north latitude line, with the exception of Missouri 4: all of the above
4
When _____ started to seize American ships, John Jay was sent to negotiate a peaceful agreement.
Great Britain
The United States could not reach acceptable terms of settlement with France regarding peaceful shipping. T/F
false
The United States was poorly prepared for war because of the economic policies of James Madison. T/F
false
The decisions written by Chief Justice Marshall strengthened the state governments at the expense of the federal government. T/F
false
The initial campaign of the Americans in 1812—to invade and conquer Canada—was their first victory in the war. T/F
false
Those who opposed Hamilton's financial policies were northern merchants who believed in government by the wealthy and powerful. T/F
false
Andrew Jackson was the first president who did not come from a well-established American family in comfortable circumstances. T/F
true
The Constitution made no mention of a presidential cabinet. T/F
true
The tightening of credit and a sharp decrease in farm prices touched off the Panic of 1819. T/F
true
Marbury v. Madison was the first of many important decisions made by what man during his thirty-five years as chief justice of the Supreme Court?
Marshall
Though the term of President _____ was known as the "Era of Good Feelings," sectional rivalries were prevalent across the U.S.
Monroe
Who did President Jefferson send to France to negotiate with Napoleon?
Monroe
The _____ of 1823 stated, among other things, that Europeans should not interfere with American nations.
Monroe Doctrine
Missouri was admitted as a "free" state. T/F
false
Jackson's Indian policy included: 1: refusal to use federal troops to protect the Cherokee tribe 2: an appeal to the Supreme Court for authority to move the Cherokees from Georgia 3: support of the northeastern humanitarians who urged a just Indian policy 4: the signing of treaties with tribes whereby the Indians received better lands than they gave up
1
One of the significant changes in atmosphere in Jefferson's administration was: 1: the number of common people involved in government 2: the closing of the Bank of the United States 3: the widespread dismissal of Federalist officeholders 4: the reinstatement of the Alien and Sedition Acts
1
The Twelfth Amendment to the Constitution, adopted in 1804, _____. 1: required the electoral college to vote separately for president and vice president 2: created a new federal judiciary system with John Marshall as chief justice of the United States 3: institutionalized the two-party system in American politics 4: established the sovereignty of the national government over the state governments
1
The United States was brought to the brink of war with England in 1794 because of: 1: British seizure of American ships and impressment of American seamen 2: Hamilton's war-mongering policies 3: Citizen Genet's subversive activities on behalf of the French government 4: Congress' anger at the British retention of total control of the Mississippi River
1
The War of 1812 began because the British were interfering with American trade and _____. 1: impressing American seamen 2: had placed an embargo on all American ships 3: had declared war on the United States 4: were angry about the alliance the Americans had with Spain
1
The declaration of war in 1812 was strongly opposed by: 1: New England merchants 2: the War Hawks 3: western farmers 4: southern Republicans
1
Which of the following was a notable British victory in the War of 1812? 1: the capture and burning of Washington, D.C. 2: the battle of New Orleans 3: the battle of Lake Erie 4: the capture of Pensacola
1
Who did the House of Representatives elect to the presidential office in the controversial election of 1824? 1: John Quincy Adams 2: William H. Crawford 3: Henry Clay 4: Andrew Jackson
1
List four main points made in the Monroe Doctrine.
1: Any attempts by the Europeans to colonize existing American colonies will be taken as a threat to America's peace and safety. 2. America will not be involved in an wars they weren't already involved in. 3. Other colonies that America has not before been apart of will be left alone. 4. Existing American colonies are not subject to further colonization.
Choose the correct section of the country for each point of view. S = South; W = West; NE = Northeast 1: preferred low protective tariffs: 2: wanted land available on easy terms: 3: wanted higher tariffs: 4: favored the national bank: 5: wanted financing for roads and canals: 6: favored western expansion:
1S 2W 3NE 4NE 5W 6S
1: Battle of Lake Erie 2: Battle of New Orleans 3: Battle of Lake Champlain 4: War Hawks 5: "The Star-Spangled Banner" a. Andrew Jackson b. Francis Scott Key c. Oliver Hazard Perry d. Thomas MacDonough e. John C. Calhoun and Henry Clay
1c 2a 3d 4e 5b
1: James Monroe 2: Daniel Webster 3: Andrew Jackson 4: DeWitt Clinton 5: John Marshall 6: John C. Calhoun 7: John Quincy Adams a. supported the Tariff of 1816 b. obtained Florida from the Spanish c. succeeded James Madison as president d. was the secretary of state who supported the Monroe Doctrine e. opposed the Tariff of 1816 f. strengthened the influence of the Supreme Court g. proposed the construction of the Erie Canal
1c 2e 3b 4g 5f 6a 7d
1: Jefferson 2: Hamilton 3: Madison 4: Jay 5: Pinckney 6: Adams 7: Genet 8: Randolph a. attorney general under Washington who strongly opposed Jay's treaty b. second president of the United States c. first secretary of state d. minister to Britain who negotiated a treaty in 1795 e. first secretary of the treasury f. French representative sent to the United States to seek American support against Britain g. drafter of the Bill of Rights h. envoy to Spain who negotiated the 1796 treaty that guaranteed free navigation
1c 2e 3g 4d 5h 6b 7f 8a
1: Naturalization Act 2: Alien and Sedition Acts 3: Alien Act 4: Alien Enemies Act 5: Judiciary Act 6: Sedition Act a. was an effort to preserve Federalist principles b. permitted the president to deport aliens whom he judged "dangerous" c. stated that a foreigner had to live in the United States fourteen years to become a citizen d. authorized fines up to $5,000 and imprisonment for hindering the government e. permitted the president to imprison or deport dangerous aliens in time of war f. forced through Congress by the Federalists
1c 2f 3b 4e 5a 6d
Jay's Treaty of 1794: 1: stated that the British would stop interfering with American ships 2: prevented a war between England and the United States 3: stated that the British would stop impressing American seamen 4: allowed for the annexation of Canada by the United States
2
The Judiciary Act of 1789: 1: did not provide a way to finance the courts 2: provided for a chief justice and five associate justices 3: kept the court from touching any matter that involved the Constitution
2
The Kentucky and Virginia resolutions, made in opposition to the Alien and Sedition Acts: 1: determined once and for all that the national government was sovereign in the United States 2: claimed that the states could nullify any actions by the federal government that they judged unconstitutional 3: forced the repeal of the acts 4: brought a new prestige to the federal court system
2
The practice by the British of impressing American seamen was brought to a head by the: 1: Lewis and Clark expedition 2: Chesapeake Affair 3: Embargo Act 4: American blockade
2
What did Jackson's unofficial cabinet became known as? 1: "the parlor cabinet" 2: "the kitchen cabinet" 3: "the executive cabinet" 4: "the White House cabinet"
2
As of 1819, the political balance between slave and free states was disturbed by: 1: northern abolitionists who succeeded in passing a law to abolish slavery in all the states 2: Nat Turner's slave rebellion 3: the petition of the territory of Missouri for admission to the Union as a slave state 4: all of the above
3
England and France: 1: were at war with each other but supported the shipping rights of neutral nations 2: were greatly affected by the Embargo Act of 1807 3: impressed American sailors and seized American ships 4: tried to negotiate a peaceful settlement of their difference
3
Hamilton proposed paying the entire national debt at its face value in order to: 1: win the support of the congressmen who had speculated in government certificates 2: reimburse only the original holders of certificates who still possessed them 3: restore the nation's economic credit so that the government could raise money in the future 4: keep to a minimum the amount of money paid by the government
3
Many Americans opposed Hamilton's proposal to have the national government assume debts owed by the states because: 1: most congressmen did not want speculators to gain profits from the scheme 2: the Republicans feared that the national government would get too bureaucratic 3: states that had already paid a large proportion of their debt would have to help pay the debts of other states 4: all of the above
3
The "War Hawks" were: 1: a flock of aggressive, predatory birds 2: representatives from the North who supported continued trading with Great Britain and war with France 3: frontiersmen and farmers of the West and South who wanted to expand America's frontiers 4: sailors who were victims of British impressment and wanted revenge
3
The Alien and Sedition Acts were designed to: 1: keep the number of foreign immigrants to the United States at a minimum 2: give a formal recognition to the party system within the American government 3: restrain Republican opposition to the Federalist administration 4: all of the above
3
The Monroe Doctrine was intended to guard what for the United States? 1: the use of all foreign trade ports 2: the terms set forth in the Treaty of Paris 3: the Western Hemisphere 4: its independence from Great Britain
3
The Treaty of Ghent represented: 1: a substantial victory for the United States 2: a substantial victory for the British 3: a return to conditions as they were prior to the war 4: a diplomatic coup for Napoleon
3
The Treaty of Ghent: 1: returned all impressed American seamen to the United States 2: opened ports of the West Indies to United States trade 3: returned all national boundaries to their pre-war status 4: none of the above
3
Washington's main objective as president of the United States was to: 1: maintain his power and get reelected 2: keep peace between the northern and southern states 3: establish respect for the office of the presidency 4: set up a court similar to that of European monarchs
3
Alexander Hamilton proposed paying the entire national debt at its face value in order to: 1: win the support of the congressmen who had speculated in government certificates 2: reimburse only the original holders of certificates who still possessed them 3: keep to a minimum the amount of money paid by the government 4: restore the nation's economic credit so that the government could raise money in the future
4
As chief justice of the United States Supreme Court, John Marshall: 1: was a strong Federalist and nationalist 2: supported a relatively broad interpretation of federal power 3: delivered a series of the most momentous decisions in American judicial history 4: all of the above
4
Jackson's Indian policy included: 1: the signing of treaties with tribes whereby the Indians received better lands than they gave up 2: an appeal to the Supreme Court for authority to move the Cherokees from Georgia 3: support of the northeastern humanitarians who urged a just Indian policy 4: refusal to use federal troops to protect the Cherokee tribe
4
Jacksonian democracy had its roots in: 1: the administration of a "wise and frugal government" 2: the Jeffersonian belief in the worth of the individual 3: support by the rich and "well-born" 4: the worth of the individual and basic teaching of God's Word
4
Sectional differences were increased: 1: as the Northeast developed into a strong industrial center 2: when the invention of the cotton gin made cotton more profitable 3: when pioneers moved west and demanded internal improvements 4: all of the above 5: none of the above
4
The Embargo Act of 1807: 1: was Jefferson's attempt to keep the country at peace and avoid further provocative incidents 2: stopped the export of American goods and prohibited all U.S. ships from leaving for foreign ports 3: was denounced by New England merchants and western and southern farmers alike 4: all of the above
4
The period following the War of 1812 was called the "Era of Good Feelings" because: 1: the Republicans praised Marshall's decisions 2: Congress passed protective tariffs and reached an understanding with England over trade 3: both parties buried their differences 4: all of the above 5: none of the above
4
The striking feature of the Jacksonian era was: 1: men of good family rose quickly to positions of great economic and political power 2: the disappearance of social classes 3: the beginning of American democracy 4: an increase in the influence of the common man
4
Washington's proclamation of neutrality of 1793 was: 1: issued to prevent England from marching troops through American territory in order to attack Spaniards in Louisiana 2: prompted by Jefferson's horror at the destructive aspects of the French Revolution 3: supported by Washington's French ally, Citizen Genet 4: made because the United States was too weak to wage war
4
Which of the following was a factor in ending the alliance between France and the United States? 1: steadily increasing American partiality for England 2: French interception and impounding of American vessels bound for England 3: the XYZ Affair wherein a high monetary price was placed as a condition for a treaty with France 4: all of the above
4
Which was NOT a result of the War of 1812? 1: The Americans gained the respect of other foreign nations. 2: A new spirit of nationalism was created in the U.S. 3: Native hostilities were suspended and westward expansion continued. 4: The British agreed to stop interfering with U.S. trade.
4
Why did Westerners develop a need for better transportation? 1: farmers harvested crops that exceeded their local needs and they wanted to expand into new markets 2: sending products back over the turnpikes to the East was too expensive 3: shipping goods down the Mississippi to New Orleans and from there to the eastern ports took too long 4: all of the above
4
More settlers moved westward after the War of 1812 because: a. more jobs were available in the West b. there was plenty of cheap land c. peace had been made with Indians d. travel to the West was easy
b c
A _____ is a meeting of the members of a political party.
caucus
The Battle of New Orleans was the final, decisive battle that won the War of 1812. T/F
false
The Embargo Act of 1807 did serious damage to the economies of England and France. T/F
false
The Embargo Act of 1807 was an effective tool in persuading England to change its policy toward neutral shipping. T/F
false
Through the "spoils system," government positions were filled by trained civil servants regardless of party affiliation. T/F
false
Awarding of cabinet positions by Jackson involved:
patronage
Jackson's political strength rested on the solid support of the:
people
Jay's Treaty with England was unpopular in the United States because the British did not promise to stop interfering with American _____.
shipping
An indirect source of the crisis that led to the War of 1812 was the constant demand for more and more land by southern and western expansionists. T/F
true
During Jefferson's term in office, the power of the Supreme Court was increased. T/F
true
During the Jacksonian era, more white males gained the right to vote than ever before. T/F
true
Hamilton's economic measures were prompted by his determination to strengthen the national government. T/F
true
Jackson opposed the national bank because he felt that it concentrated too much power in the hands of too few people. T/F
true
Jefferson's administration was the beginning of popular government in the United States. T/F
true
Jefferson's term of office was not quite the "revolution" he later remembered. T/F
true
Napoleon trapped President Madison into declaring war against England. T/F
true
Napoleon was anxious to sell the Louisiana Territory because he needed money to continue his war with England. T/F
true
Opposition to Hamilton's policies led to the organization of the Republican Party and the Federalist Party. T/F
true
Party strife decreased in the decade after the War of 1812 because of far-reaching decisions of the Supreme Court. T/F
true
The Alien and Sedition Acts were a costly mistake for the Federalists because they were contrary to the ideas found in the Bill of Rights. T/F
true
The United States did not take either side in the French Revolution but adopted a position of strict neutrality. T/F
true
The election of 1824 was settled in the House of Representatives since none of the four candidates had polled a majority in the electoral college. T/F
true
The first political parties were formed around regional and economic differences. T/F
true
Thomas Pinckney's treaty with Spain won the United States free navigation of the Mississippi and permission for American traders to deposit goods for shipment at the mouth of the river. T/F
true
Jefferson's government was the beginning of: 1: a period of increased national debt and government spending 2: a wise and popular government in the United States 3: widespread removal of Federalist officeholders 4: increased internal taxation
2
The _____ reacted to Jay's Treaty with England by beginning to capture American ships.
French
President Jefferson appointed what man as secretary of the treasury?
Gallatin
"A wise and frugal government" was the goal that what man, as stated in his inaugural address?
Jefferson
Which TWO states declared the Alien and Sedition Acts void and of no force within their boundaries?
Virginia Kentucky
What president established the custom of using the heads of various departments for his personal advisers?
Washington
Hamilton justified the establishment of a national bank by: a. having it hold funds b. lending money c. closing on mortgages d. developing currency
a b d
The executive departments established were: a. the State Department b. the Labor Department c. the Treasury Department d. the Welfare Department e. the War Department f. the Education Department g. the Attorney General's office
a c e g
