ANATOMY
Frontal
A cut that separates anterior and posterior
Transverse
A horizontal slice separating inferior and superior
Midsagittal
A vertical slice that gives a profile view
Posterior
ANTERIOR OR POSTERIOR - the ears are _____ to the eyes
Anterior
ANTERIOR OR POSTERIOR - the forehead is ____ to the brain
Posterior
ANTERIOR OR POSTERIOR - the kidneys are ____ to the naval
Anterior
ANTERIOR OR POSTERIOR - the ribs are ____ to the heart
Digestive
Breaks down foodstuffs into small particles that can be absorbed
Abdominal
CAVITY - a stomach ulcer operation
Cranial
CAVITY - brain
Thoracic
CAVITY - coronary bypass surgery (heart surgery)
Pelvic
CAVITY - internal reproductive organs
Abdominal
CAVITY - liver
Thoracic
CAVITY - lungs
Abdominal
CAVITY - ovaries
Cranial
CAVITY - pituitary gland
Abdominal
CAVITY - rectum
Abdominal
CAVITY - removal of a "hot" appendix
Cranial
CAVITY - removal of a serious brain tumor
Pelvic
CAVITY - removal of the uterus, or womb
Abdominal
CAVITY - small intestine
Vertebral
CAVITY - spinal cord
Abdominal
CAVITY - spleen
Abdominal
CAVITY - stomach
Thoracic
CAVITY - trachea and esophagus
Pelvic
CAVITY - urinary bladder
Digestive
Converts food molecules into absorbable forms
Distal
DISTAL OR PROXIMAL - the ankle is ____ to the knee
Proximal
DISTAL OR PROXIMAL - the armpit is ____ to the wrist
Proximal
DISTAL OR PROXIMAL - the hip is ____ to the thigh
Proximal
DISTAL OR PROXIMAL - the shoulder is ____ to the elbow
Proximal/ex. The elbow is proximal to the wrist
Describes a body part that is closer to a point of attachment to the trunk than another body part is
Deep/ex. The dermis is the deep layer of the skin
Describes parts that are more internal than superficial parts
Organs - teeth, tongue, liver/function - stores energy reserves
Digestive system
Respiratory
Exchanges gases between air and blood
Cardiovascular
Includes the heart
Organs - skin, hair, nails/function - helps regulate body temperature
Integumentary system
Endocrine
Is affected by the removal of the thyroid gland
Visceral
Lines organs
Parietal
Lines walls
Endocrine
Main system that secretes hormones
Posterior (dorsal)
Means toward the back of the body
Anterior (ventral)/ex. The heart is anterior to the vertebral column
Means toward the front of the body
Muscular
Movement via contractions and creates most body heat
Organs - skeletal muscles, associated tendons/function - provides movement
Muscular system
Superior/ex. The eyes are superior to the mouth
One body part is above another body part or is closer to the head
Inferior
One body part is below another body part or is toward the feet
Reproductive
Produces gametes (eggs and sperm)
Immune
Protects the body/destroys bacteria and tumor cells
Integumentary
Protects underlying organs from drying out and mechanical damage
Skeletal
Provides a framework for soft tissues and produces blood cells in red marrow
Integumentary
Provides an outer covering
Skeletal
Provides support and levers on which the muscular system can act
Medial
Refers to an imaginary midline dividing the body into equal right and left halves/a body part is this if it is closer to this line than another part
Distal/ex. The fingers are distal to the wrist
Refers to the body part that is farther from a point of attachment to the trunk than another body part
Respiratory
Removes Carbon dioxide from the blood
Urinary
Removes liquid wastes from blood and transports them to the outside of the body
Urinary
Rids the body of nitrogen-containing wastes
Orbital
SMALLER CAVITIES - eyes
Nasal
SMALLER CAVITIES - nose and sinuses
Oral
SMALLER CAVITIES - teeth and tongue
Superior
SUPERIOR OR INFERIOR - the eyes are ____ to the mouth
Inferior
SUPERIOR OR INFERIOR - the fingers are ____ to the wrist
Superior
SUPERIOR OR INFERIOR - the heart is ____ to the stomach
Inferior
SUPERIOR OR INFERIOR - the neck is ____ to the forehead
Superficial/ex. The epidermis is the superficial layer of the skin
Situated near the surface
Organs - cartilages, bones, bone marrow/function - forms blood cells
Skeletal system
Peritoneal
Space between organs and walls
Nervous
Stimulates muscles to contract and interprets information from sensory units
Distal
The ankle is ____ to the knee
Lateral
The arms are ____ to the torso or trunk of the body
Medial
The heart is ____ to the lungs
Deep
The intestines are ____ so we need surgery to repair them
Superficial
The skin is ____ so it is exposed to the sun
Lateral/ex. The ears are lateral to the eyes
Toward the side with respect to the imaginary line
Lymphatic
Transports excess fluid from tissues to blood
Cardiovascular
Transports nutrients, wastes, and gases throughout the body
Pericardial membrane
What is the heart surrounded by?