Anatomy and Physiology- Ch 11 HW

A sample of tissue from an injury shows a large number of eosinophils. This would indicate that the tissue was

infected by parasites

Following a major car accident, the patient is brought to the hospital after losing 3 liters of blood. To save the patient's life, the ER medical staff should transfuse what blood type?

O-

The least numerous white blood cells in peripheral circulation are the

basophils

The function of hemoglobin is to

bind and trasport oxygen and carbon dioxide

The primary function of red blood cells:

carry gases such as carbon dioxide and oxygen

Platelets are

cellular fragments

Other solutes: Essential for vital cellular activities

electrolytes

A drifting blood clot, air bubble, or fat globule is called

embolus

Formation of red blood cells is called

erythropoiesis

Fibrinogen:

functions in clotting and normally accounts for roughly 4% of plasma proteins

Neutropils, eosinophils, and basophils are all ___________.

granulocytes

The percentage of whole blood volume occupied by formed elements is called

hematocrit

The mechanism in the body which stops bleeding and prevents blood loss is known as ___________.

hemostasis

Formed elements that are nucleated and capable of amoeboid movement are

leukocytes

Which organ synthesizes more than 90 percent of plasma proteins?

liver

When foreign cells invade the body, one would most likely expect to see increased numbers of

lymphocytes

Globulins:

make up for about 35% of the proteins in the plasma.

Albumins:

make up roughly about 60% of the plasma proteins

Which of the following is an agranulocyte?

monocyte

The most abundant type of WBC in a normal blood sample is the ___________.

neutrophil

Which of the following are the most active type of leukocytes, phagocytically, and are usually the first to arrive at an injury site?

neutrophils

Which of the following Paris are mismatched?

neutrophils: antibody production

EPO is released when

oxygen levels in the blood decrease

Thrombocytopenia is defined as a deficiency of

platelets

Which of the following initiate the clotting process and help close injured blood vessels?

platelets

The three types of formed elements found in blood are __________.

platelets, red blood cells, and white blood cells

What is the chief difference between plasma and serum?

presence/absence of clotting proteins

Calcium ions and ________ have an effect on nearly every aspect of the clotting process.

vitamin K

The following is a list of the steps involved in the process of hemostasis and clot removal: 1. coagulation phase 2. fibrinolysis 3. vascular phase 4. retraction 5. platelet phase The correct sequence of these steps is

3, 5, 1, 4, 2

The average life span of a red blood cell is about

4 months

________ is the characteristic of WBCs that allow them to enter surrounding tissue by squeezing between adjacent epithelial cells in the capillary wall.

Diapedesis

Leukocytes:

Neutophil, Eosionophil, Basohil, Monocyte, Lymphocyte

Electrolytes:

The major plasma electrolytes are Na+, K+, Ca^2+, Mg^2+, Cl-, HCO3-,HPO4- and SO4^2-

What is a benefit of a vascular spasm at the onset of hemostasis?

a reduction in blood loss

Plasma proteins that are necessary for blood to maintain osmotic pressure are

albumins

Which leukocytes would you expect to increase in response to a parasitic infection?

eosinophils

White blood cells:

eosinophils, neutrophils, basophils, lymphocytes, monocytes

___________ are large phagocytic WBC's that remain in circulation for only about 24 hours before entering peripheral tissues to become tissue macrophages

Monocytes

Which of the following statements is true regarding the blood of an individual with Type AB?

Type AB blood does not contain anti-A or anti-B antibodies

During blood transfusions, which of the following blood types would NEVER cause an agglutination reaction when introduced into an individual with Type A+ blood?

Type O- blood

Organic wastes:

Waste products are carried to sites of breakdown or excretion. Ex: urea, uric acid, creatinine, bilirubin, ammonium ions

Other solutes: carried to sites of breakdown or excretion

Organic wastes

In adults, the stem cells responsible for the production of red and white blood cells originate in the

red bone marrow