Anatomy Ch. 5 Review

When the arrector pili muscles contract,

"goosebumps" are formed

Choose the correct order of the cell layers, or strata, in a section of thick skin, from the basement membrane toward the free surface (deep to superficial) 1. stratum lucidum 2. stratum basale 3. stratum corneum 4. stratum granulosum 5. stratum spinosum

2, 5, 4, 1, 3

When the body is overheated, the skin responds by

vasodilation

When a person becomes "pale," what is the physiological basis?

The blood supply to the skin decreases

The condition that results from clogged sebaceous glands is

acne

The glands that begin discharging a sticky, cloudy, and potentially odorous secretion at puberty are called ________ glands.

apocrine

The subcutaneous layer consists of

areolar and adipose tissues

What is the composition of the papillary layer of the dermis?

areolar connective tissue

Which type of burn appears inflamed and feels tender but has no blisters?

first-degree

Modified and specialized sweat glands that produce milk are called ___________ glands.

mammary

The observed differences in skin color reflect the levels of ________ production.

melanin

Functions of the skin include

regulating body temperature

The most severe type of skin cancer is most likely to develop from

melanocytes

Apocrine sweat glands rely on which type of secretion?

merocrine

Thick skin can be found on the

palms

As cells are pushed from the deeper portion of the epidermis toward the surface,

they die

The type of burn that injures the hypodermis, deeper tissues, and organs is a(n)

third-degree burn

_____________ is a pigment found in vegetables that can make skin appear orange or yellow.

Carotene

What is the function of melanin?

It protects DNA from the damaging effects of ultraviolet radiation

The skin is also called the __________ membrane.

cutaneous

The reticular layer is composed largely of __________.

dense regular connective tissue

Epidermal cells are supplied with nutrients from blood vessels in the

dermis

The highly vascular layer of the skin, which provides themoregulation via changing blood flow, is the

dermis

Which of the following is the correct order of the layers of the cutaneous membrane from superficial to deep?

epidermis, dermis, hypodermis

Which of the following is the function of the combination of epidermal ridges and dermal papillae?

increase surface area for diffusion between the dermis and epidermis

Perspiration that is produced by apocrine sweat glands

is limited to the hair follicles of the axilla, nipples, and groin

The protein that contributes to many of the skin's protective qualities is called _________.

keratin

A small amount of ultraviolet radiation is beneficial because it _______________.

stimulates vitamin D3 synthesis in the epidermis

The deepest layer of cells in the epidermis is the cells of the ________.

stratum basale

The layer of the epidermis which contains the oldest cells is the

stratum corneum