Anatomy Ch 5 Short Answer Questions

Name 3 functions of the skeletal system.

1.Bones help to protect the internal organs of the body. 2.Bones help the body to move and exercise. 3.Bones help storage calcium and phosphorus in the body.

List 2 factors that keep bones healthy. List 2 factors that can cause bones to become soft or to atrophy.

1.Physical stress 2. Vitamin D both help to keep bones healthy 1. Inactivity 2. Obesity can cause bones to become soft.

Name 2 ways in which the fetal skull differs from the adult skull.

1.The fetal skull differs from the adult skull is that the adult skull is ⅛ of body length whereas the fetal skull only is ¼ of body length. 2.The bones of cranium of fetal skull did not fuse by sutures for growing purposes.

Name 8 bones of the cranium.

8 bones of the cranium are frontal bone, 2 parietal bone, 2 temporal bone,occipital bone, sphenoid bone, and ethmoid bone.

Is a floating rib a true or false rib? Why are floating ribs easily broken?

A floating rib is a false rib. Floating ribs are easily broken because they are only attach to the spine.

Describe the structure of a synovial joint.

A synovial joint is articulating bone ends are separated by a joint cavity containing synovial fluid. The two ends are covered in hyaline articular cartilage, and the entire joint is contained within a capsule of fibrous connective tissue. The capsule is lined by a synovial membrane that contains synovial fluid which lubricates the joints. and help reduce friction.

Why do bone injuries heal much more rapidly than injuries to cartilage?

Bone injuries heal much more rapidly than injuries to cartilage because bones have blood and nutrients to cure the injuries whereas cartilage do not have blood and nutrients to cure it.

Name the bone of the shoulder girdle.

Clavicle and scapula are the bones of the shoulder girdle.

What are the clinicians checking out?

Clinicians are checking out for the epiphyseal line to see if the epiphyseal plate has sealed. If yes then bone and growth has complete.

What had happened to Ella?

Ella is disnose with shoulder dislocation.

Name the bones of the lower limb from superior to inferior.

Femur, patella, tibia and fibula, talus and the calcaneus, tarsals, metatarsals, and phalanges are bones of the lower limb from superior to inferior.

Which fracture types are most common in older people? Why are greenstick fractures more common in children?

Fracture types that are most common in older people are compression and comminuted. Greenstick fractures are more common in children because their flexibility cause the bone to break on the outer side of the bone.

What was her probable condition?

Her probable condition was Osteoporosis

What bony structure probable became infected by the bacteria or viruses causing the cold?

Her right frontal/maxillary sinuses are bony structure probable became infected by the bacteria or viruses causing the cold.

Have his palatine bones fused normally?

His palantine bones have not fused normally because the palantine processes are anterior to the palantine bones.

What do you think? Support your answer.

I think it is false because foramen magnum passs to spinal cord to brain and to spine and never to cranial cavity.

What bones make up each hip bone (coxal bone)? Which of these is the largest? Which has tuberosities that we sit on? Which is the most anterior?

Ilium, ischium, and pubis bones make up each hip bone. Ilium bone is the largest. ischium bone has tuberosities that we sit on. Pubic bone is the most anterior.

What facial bone forms the chin? The cheekbone? The upper jaw? The bony eyebrow ridges?

Mandible form facial bone the chin. The cheekbone is zygomatic process. The upper jaw are maxillary bones. The bony eyebrow ridges are frontal bones.

Compare and contrast the role of PTH (hormone) and mechanical forces acting on the skeleton in bone remodeling.

PTH activates when calcium levels are below homeostatic levels, which the osteoclast breaks down bone cells to increase the calcium levels. When calcium levels are above homeostatic levels, calciums is stored in bone matrix.

What part or region of her vertebrae was he feeling as he ran his fingers along her spine?

Part of her vertebrae was he feeling as he ran his fingers along her spine was Thoracic Curvature.

Name all the bones with which the ulna articulates.

Radius, lunate, humerus are bones with which the ulna articulates.

Compare the amount of movement possible in synarthrotic, amphiarthrotic, and diarthrotic joints. Relate these terms to the structural classification of joints; that is, to fibrous, cartilaginous, and synovial joints.

Synarthrotic joints are not moveable and are fibrous joints, amphiarthrotic joints can move a little and cartilaginous joints, and diarthrotic joints are moveable and are synovial joints.

With 1 exception, all skull bones are joined by sutures. What is the exception?

The exception is the Hyoid bone.

What is the function of the intervertebral discs? What is slipped disc?

The function of the intervertebral discs is to absorb shock. Slipped disc is when weak outer ring that cause inner ring to slip out of its place.

Explain these surprisingly (?) different findings.

The granddaughter had mor flexible bone than ther grandother and can bend easitly when accident occur. Older people's bone are more fragile and easily to have bone fracture.

Name the major components of the thorax.

The major components of the thorax is ribs, thoracic vertebrae, and sternum.

What joint is causing his pain?

The temporomandibular joint (TMJ).

Is this bone section taken from the diaphysis or the epiphyseal plate of the one specimen?

This bone section is taken from the diaphysis.

What kind of fracture might this indicate?

This indicates a spiral fracture.

How many vertebrae are there in each of the 3 superior regions of the vertebral column?

Vertebrae are there in each of the 3 superior regions of the vertebral column are 7 vertebrates in the cervical curvature, 12 vertebrates in the thoracic curvature, and 5 vertebrates in the lumbar curvature.

What is yellow marrow? How do spongy and compact bone look different?

Yellow marrow is the medullary cavity. Spongy bone have small holes in them while compact bone are smooth and without holes.