Anatomy chap 1

Which are examples of negative feedback regulation?

- changes in blood pressure when exercising - changing breathing rate in response to an increase of CO2

The components associated with the homeostatic system are which choices?

- control center - receptor - effector

Click and drag on elements in order Rank the following terms from simplest to most complex. Remember to start with the most SIMPLE structure first.

1. Atoms 2. Molecules 3. Macromolecules 4. Organelles 5. Cells

Visualizing the body in the _____________ position is significant because all observers have a common point of reference when describing and discussing its regions.

Anatomic

The study of structure and form is called

Anatomy

_________ tends to focus on the form and structure, whereas ________ focuses on the mechanisms and functions of these structures.

Anatomy Physiology

___________ is the scientific discipline that studies the relationships among parts of the body as well as the structure of individual organs, whereas _____________ is the discipline in which the function of body structures is the focus.

Anatomy Physiology

At the chemical level, ______ are the smallest units of matter.

Atoms

Match the word with its correct description of how body temperature stimulates a negative feedback mechanism when body temperature rises above normal: Effectors --->

Blood vessels dilate, sweat glands secrete sweat

Match the word with its correct description of how body temperature stimulates a negative feedback mechanism when body temperature falls below normal: Homeostasis --->

Body temperature returns to normal

Click and drag on elements in order Rank the following terms from simplest to most complex.

Cells Tissue Organs Organ system Organism

In a homeostatic control mechanism, the _______ ________ is the structure that interprets input from the receptor and initiates changes through the effector.

Control Center

True or false: Because the end result of a positive feedback mechanism is to increase the activity, positive feedback mechanisms are much more common than negative feedback mechanisms.

False

Match the word with its correct description of how body temperature stimulates a negative feedback mechanism when body temperature falls below normal: Receptors --->

Free nerve endings in the skin detect cold

Physiologists examine the ______ of various organ systems.

Function

Match the homeostatic control mechanism with its correct description: Control center -->

Integrates input and initiates change

A sagittal plane that extends through the body vertically and divides it into equal left and right halves is called a ____________ plane

Midsagittal

Match the word with its correct description of how body temperature stimulates a negative feedback mechanism when body temperature rises above normal: Receptors --->

Organs in the skin detect heat

Match the homeostatic control mechanism with its correct description: Receptor -->

Perceives a stimulus

______ examines the function of various organ systems.

Physiology

When a stimulus is reinforced to continue in the same direction until a climactic event occurs, it is best as described as ______.

Positive feedback

A plane that is parallel to the midsagittal plane, but is either to the left or right of the midsagittal plane, is termed a ______ plane

Sagittal

Which is an accurate description of the anatomic position?

The eyes look forward, and the head is level.

The word anatomy is derived from the Greek word anatome, which could be described by which of the following?

To cut apart To dissect

True or false: Most processes in the body are controlled by negative feedback.

True

Although there is only one midsagittal plane, there are multiple possibilities of sagittal planes.

True because a sagittal plane is defined as one that is lateral to the midsagittal plane, there are an infinite number of possibilities of sagittal planes.

True or false: Most homeostatic variables aren't constant over time but fluctuate around a set point.

True because homeostatic variable is maintained with a normal level called a set point.

Match the word with its correct description of how body temperature stimulates a negative feedback mechanism when body temperature rises above normal: Stimulus --->

Vigorous exercise raises body temperature

Match the organ system on the left with its description on the right. Nervous system -->

controls body movement and conducts impulses for internal communication

The _________ plane is a vertical plane that divides the body or organ into anterior and posterior parts.

coronal

Match the organ system: Urinary system -->

filters the blood and removes waste from the blood

Match the organ system: Cardiovascular system -->

moves blood containing hormones, nutrients and gases

A sagittal plane that extends through the body vertically and divides it into unequal left and right halves is called a _______ plane.

parasagittal

Match the organ system: Lymphatic system -->

participates in immune response

Match the organ system on the left with its description on the right. Muscular system -->

produces body movement and heat

Match the organ system on the left with its description on the right. Integumentary system -->

provides protection, regulates body temperature, and prevents water loss

Match the organ system on the left with its description on the right. Skeletal system -->

provides support and protection, site of hemopoiesis

Match the organ system: Respiratory system -->

responsible for exchange of gases

The ______ extends through the body vertically and divides structures into right and left portions.

sagittal plane

Which plane divides the body into left and right portions?

sagittal plane

Match the organ system: Endocrine system -->

secretes hormones to regulate growth and chemical levels in the blood

A receptor typically consists of ______.

sensory neurons

Negative feedback mechanisms work by maintaining the variable within a normal level or what is called a ____________ point.

set

A transverse plane divides the body into ______ sections.

superior and inferior

The chemical level of an organization is ______.

the simplest level of organization composed of atoms and molecules

The plane that would separate the nose and mouth into superior and inferior structures is the ___________ plane.

transverse

The ______ plane would divide the chest from the back?

coronal

Choose all that are examples of negative feedback regulation?

- regulating heart rate - regulating blood pressure - withdrawal reflex from stepping on glass

Control centers are generally portions of the ______.

-Spinal cord -Brain -Thyroid gland

Match the word with its correct description of how body temperature stimulates a negative feedback mechanism when body temperature falls below normal: Effectors --->

Blood vessels in the skin constrict, muscles shiver

Match the homeostatic control mechanism with its correct description: Effector -->

Brings about a change in response to the stimulus

The structure that brings about the change to alter the stimulus is called a(n)

effector

Which of the following body structures can serve as effectors?

-insulin secreting cells of pancreas -smooth muscles of bronchioles

Match the word with its correct description of how body temperature stimulates a negative feedback mechanism when body temperature rises above normal: Homeostasis --->

Body temperature returns to normal

Match the word with its correct description of how body temperature stimulates a negative feedback mechanism when body temperature falls below normal: Stimulus --->

Cold temperature lowers body temperature below normal

Match the word with its correct description of how body temperature stimulates a negative feedback mechanism when body temperature falls below normal: Control center --->

Hypothalamus of the brain sets body temperature

Which plane passes through a structure at an angle?

oblique plane

In a negative feedback process, the resulting action will always be in the ______ direction of the stimulus.

opposite

The component of homeostasis, called the ____________ , is the sensory nerve body structure that detects changes in a variable, which is either the substance or process that is regulated.

receptor

Which plane can pass in between the chest (thorax) and the abdomen?

transverse

The plane labeled (c) in the figure is the ______.

transverse plane

Which plane divides the body into superior and inferior portions?

transverse plane

Match the word with its correct description of how body temperature stimulates a negative feedback mechanism when body temperature rises above normal: Control center --->

Hypothalamus of brain sets body temperature