Anatomy chapter 19

Aged and damaged erythrocytes are broken down by macrophages in the Question options: A) spleen, liver, and bone marrow. B) digestive tract. C) spleen. D) liver. E) bone marrow.

A

More than 95 percent of the protein in a red blood cell is A)hemoglobin B)immunoglobulin C)albumin D)fibrinogen E)porphyrin

A

Most of the protein factors that are required for clotting are synthesized by Question options: A) the liver. B) the spleen. C) the kidneys. D) megakaryocytes. E) platelets.

A

The blood cells involved in specific immunity are the A)lymphocytes B)monocytes C)erythrocytes D)neutrophils E)basophils

A

The intrinsic pathway of coagulation is activated by the Question options: A) release of tissue factor (Factor III) by damaged endothelium. B) sticking of platelets to each other. C) release of heparin from the liver. D) conversion of prothrombin to thrombin. E) activation of Factor XII by platelet factors.

A

Which of the following is not one of the formed elements of blood? Question options: A) antibodies B) RBCs C) platelets D) basophils E) lymphocytes

A

Which organ secretes most of the plasma proteins A)liver B)pancreas C)brain D)kidney E)heart

A

________ is a condition in which the oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood is reduced. Question options: A) Anemia B) Thrombocytopenia C) Polycythemia D) Leukopenia E) Leukemia

A

A plasma protein essential for blood clotting is Question options: A) metalloprotein D. B) fibrinogen. C) immunoglobulin A. D) albumin alpha. E) lipoprotein C.

B

Plasma is closest in composition to Question options: A) urine. B) interstitial fluid. C) sterile water. D) CSF. E) isotonic saline solution.

B

The conversion of fibroses to fibrin is catalyzed by the enzyme A) factor VIII B) thrombin C)plasmin D)prothrominase E)fibrinogen-converting enzyme

B

Which feature of WBCs makes them particularly important to tissue injury A)they undergo aerobic respiration B)they can squeeze out through blood vessel walls into tissues C)they carry loads of oxygen D)they stick to injured blood vessels E)they undergo a fast rate of mitosis

B

White blood cells that release histamine at the site of an injury are Question options: A) eosinophils. B) basophils. C) monocytes. D) lymphocytes. E) neutrophils.

B

Plasma proteins essential in body defense are the Question options: A) albumins. B) lipoproteins. C) immunoglobulins. D) metalloproteins. E) fibrinogens.

C

Platelets are pinched off from the giant multinucleated cells in the bone marrow called A)myeloblasts B)erythroblasts C)megakaryocytes D)lymphoblasts E)normoblasts

C

Some rat poisons contain a toxin that blocks the liver's ability to utilize vitamin K. Animals that consume this poison would die of Question options: A) thrombocytopenia. B) acidosis. C) hemorrhage. D) anemia. E) starvation.

C

The chief difference between plasma and interstitial fluid involves the concentration of A) electrolytes B)nitrogen wastes C)proteins D)water E)glucose

C

The extrinsic pathway of coagulation is initiated by the A)conversion of prothrombin to thrombin B)activation of factor VII exposed to collagen C)release of tissue factor (factor III) by damaged endothelium D)sticking of platelets to damaged tissues E)release of heparin from the liver

C

The first step of hemostasis is Question options: A) platelet phase. B) agglutination. C) vascular spasm. D) coagulation. E) clot retraction.

C

The most abundant component of plasma is A)gases B)nutrients C)water D)proteins E)Ions

C

Type a blood has type ———- antibodies in the blood plasma A)O B)Rh C)B D)A E)D

C

Which of the following is not true of neutrophils A)can destroy bacteria B)can make hydrogen peroxide C)less abundant than lymphocytes D)can exit capillaries E)attracted to complement-coated bacteria

C

Which of the following is true regarding red blood cells? Question options: A) They are anucleate. B) They primarily carry carbon dioxide. C) They have a biconvex shape. D) They survive for approximately one year. E) They are produced in the spleen.

C

———- involves a cascade of reaction leading to the conversion of fibroses to fibrin A)retraction B)fibrinolysis C)coagulation D)the platelet phase E)vascular spasm

C

A fibrin network that contains trapped blood cells and platelets is called a(n) Question options: A) lysin. B) rouleaux. C) platelet plug. D) blood clot. E) agglutinin.

D

A small white blood cell with a large round nucleus would be a A)basophil B)neutrophil C)eosinophil D)lymphocyte E)monocytes

D

During a bacterial infection you would expect to see increased numbers of A)thrombocytes B)basophils C)reticulocytes D)neutrophils E)eosinophils

D

Each of the following is a characteristic of whole blood, except a Question options: A) pH of 7.4. B) temperature of approximately 38 degrees Celsius. C) built-in system for clotting. D) viscosity about the same as water. E) red color from hemoglobin.

D

Erythropoiesis is stimulated when A)carbon dioxide levels in the blood decrease B)oxygen levels in the blood increase C)blood pressure increases D)blood flow to kidney declines E)coagulation begins

D

In an emergency situation when you have no time to wait for cross-matched blood you could give a patient type ________ until the cross-match is available. Question options: A) AB positive B) A positive C) AB negative D) O negative E) B negative

D

Most of the iron that is removed from degraded hemoglobin is A) excreted by the liver B)excreted by the intestines C)stored in yellow bone marrow D)recycled to the red bone marrow E)excreted by the kidneys

D

The combination of plasma and formed elements is called A)packed blood B)serum C)lymph D)whole blood E)extracellular fluid

D

The enzyme that can digest and dissolve a clot A)thrombin B)heparin C)phosphokinase D)plasmin E)fibrinase

D

The function of hemoglobin is to Question options: A) stimulate erythropoiesis. B) carry bicarbonate ion. C) produce antibodies. D) carry dissolved blood gases. E) aid in the process of blood clotting.

D

The most common blood type is Question options: A) type B. B) type A. C) type AO. D) type O. E) type AB.

D

Which common over the counter drug can decrease blood clotting and thus may be beneficial for preventing a heart attack? Question options: A) tums B) anti-histamines C) cough syrup D) aspirin E) acetaminophen

D

Which white blood cell is most effective against parasitic infections? Question options: A) neutrophils B) lymphocytes C) basophils D) eosinophils E) monoctyes

D

________ are large phagocytic white cells that spend most of their time outside the blood as fixed and free phagocytic cells. Question options: A) Lymphocytes B) Neutrophils C) Monocytes D) Eosinophils E) Basophils

D

A substance that activates plasminogen might be useful to A)recruit neutrophils to an infection B)recruit platelets to the area C)cause clots to form faster D)initiate clot formation E)cause clot dissolution

E

Each hemoglobin molecule contains Question options: A) four alpha chains. B) one alpha and one beta chain. C) one heme group. D) a molecule of oxygen and a molecule of carbon dioxide. E) four iron atoms.

E

Erythropoietin is a hormone A)released by the liver to stimulate red cell production B)released by the kidneys to stimulate red and white blood cell production C)released by the bone marrow to stimulate red blood cell production D)released by the liver to stimulate white blood cell production E)released by the kidneys to stimulate red blood cell production

E

Macrophages develop from A)eosinophils B)thrombocytes C)lymphocytes D)neutrophils E)monocytes

E

Natural killer cells are one of the functional classes of A)neutrophils B)eosinophils C)thrombocytes D)monocytes E)lymphocytes

E

Red blood cell production is regulated by the hormone Question options: A) angiotensin. B) thymosin. C) renin. D) thymopoietin. E) erythropoietin.

E

The common pathway of coagulation begins with the A)release of tissue factor by damaged epithelium B)activation of pro enzyme exposed to collagen C)sticking of platelets to damaged tissue D)conversion of fibroses to fibrin E)activation of factor x and production of prothrombin activator

E

The function of red blood cells is to A)defend the body against infectious organisms B)carry oxygen from the cells to the lungs C)carry carbon dioxide from the lungs to the body's cells D)carry nutrients from the digestive system to the body's cells E)carry oxygen to the cells and then carry away carbon dioxide

E

The percent fraction of formed elements relative to the whole blood is the A)packed volume B)viscosity C)differential cell count D)specific gravity E)hematocrit

E

Which of the following white blood cells are mobile? Question options: A) monocytes B) lymphocytes C) basophils D) neutrophils E) neutrophils and monocytes

E

You have spent 24 hours traveling from the U.S to New Zealand, on quite a few airplanes with many stops. Because of the stress, changes in time zones, and short blocks of time between planes, you find yourself tired with a headache when you arrive. You are severely dehydrated. A hematocrit value of your blood would be ________ than normal because ________. A)lower; you have less blood plasma volume B)higher; you have less blood plasma volume C)higher;more plasma proteins are made by the liver D)lower;more plasma cells are being made by the bone marrow E)lower; the bone marrow is making fewer red blood cells due to the latitude of the airplanes

E

________ are immature erythrocytes that are present in the circulation. Question options: A) Myeloblasts B) Erythroblasts C) Band cells D) Normoblasts E) Reticulocytes

E