Anatomy Lecture Exam 1
There are ________ phalanges in the appendicular skeleton.
56
The portion of a sarcomere that contains the thick filaments and the zone of overlap is the...
A band
Mature bone cells that maintain and monitor the protein and mineral content of the surrounding matrix are called ________.
osteocytes
Which type of cell divides to produce daughter cells that can differentiate readily after a bone is cracked or broken?
osteoprogenitor cell
Which muscle flexes the wrist?
palmaris longus
A joint that allows only rotational movements is called a...
pivot joint
The facial bones...
protect and support the entrances to the digestive and respiratory tracts
Support, protection of soft tissues, mineral storage, and blood cell formation are all functions of the...
skeletal system
Which of the following contains the foramen ovale?
sphenoid
Which of the following structures can most easily be felt on the dorsum?
spinous process
The two types of osseous tissue are...
spongey and compact bone
The only point of direct connection between the pectoral girdle and the axial skeleton is at (the)...
sternal end of the clavicle
The movement made at the proximal radioulnar joint when turning the palm of the hand upward is called...
supination
Which is a major function of the skeletal system?
support of the body
A cartilaginous joint that permits slight movement is...
symphysis
The type of joint formed by the joining of the diaphysis and each epiphysis is called a...
synchondrosis
The study of the heart, blood, and blood vessels is which of the following approaches?
systematic anatomy
Which bone is NOT in direct contact with any other bone of the skeleton?
Hyoid
Why are skeletal muscles called voluntary?
Their contractions can be consciously controlled
Small, synovial fluid-filled pockets in connective tissue are called
bursae
Which of the following is the type of muscle that pushes blood through the arteries and veins of the circulatory system?
cardiac muscle
A frontal (coronal) section is in a plane that...
divides the body into anterior and posterior sections
The layers of connective tissue surrounding a skeletal muscle from the inside to the outside in correct order are...
endomysium, perimysium, and epimysium
A long bone increases in length until...
epiphyseal closure occurs
The axilla is ________ and ________ to the nasus.
inferior; lateral
Which of the following bones contains the infraorbital foramen?
maxilla
The palms of the hand are supported by the
metacarpal bones
The ________ system allows for locomotion, provides support, and produces heat
muscular
Which of these orders of functional muscle structures progresses from the smallest to largest in diameter?
myofibril, muscle fiber, fascicle, muscle
Which of the following is a structure of the ulna?
olecranon
The point of the elbow is formed by the ________ of the ulna.
olecranon process
Which of the following is the highest level of organization?
organs
The muscles that form the rotator cuff include the ________.
teres minor, infraspinatus, supraspinatus, and subscapularis
In the prone position...
the body is lying in anatomical position face down
The thoracic cavity is separated from the abdominopelvic cavity by...
the diaphragm
If a long bone that was found at an archeological dig contained functional epiphyseal plates, what inference is most accurate?
the person was not mature
Which type of vertebra has a transverse costal facet?
thoracic
Movement of joints may occur along how many possible axes of motion?
three
Knee extensors, known as the quadriceps femoris, include the...
three vastus muscles and the rectus femoris muscle
The function of an osteoclast in osseous tissue is _________
to dissolve old bone matrix and release amino acids and the stored calcium and phosphate
Which of the following is an example of an irregular bone?
vertebra
Which of the following describes a central canal?
-contains a vein -contains an artery -runs parallel to osteons -also called Haversian canal
Bones of the skull that articulate with the zygomatic bone include (the)...
-maxillary bone -frontal bone -temporal bone -sphenoid
In addition to osseous tissue, a typical bone contains...
-other connective tissues -smooth muscle tissues (in blood vessel walls) -neural tissues
Of the following muscles, which can compress the abdomen?
-rectus abdominis -internal oblique -external oblique -transversus abdominis
When contraction occurs...
-the H band gets smaller -the I band begins to disappear -the A band remains constant -the Z lines move closer together
The periosteum...
covers the outside of bones
Movement in the anterior-posterior plane that reduces the angle between the articulating elements is...
Flexion
The area of a myofibril where there are no actin filaments is the...
H Band
Choose the correct arrangement of items 1-5, ranking them from the highest to the least level of complexity. (1) organism (2) tissue (3) chemical or molecular (4) cellular (5) organsystem
Organism, organsystem, tissue, cellular, chemical or molecular
The primary site of blood cell production is within the ________
Skeletal system
A joint that permits free movement is called...
a diarthrosis
Which of the following is a large, posterior process that projects from the lateral end of the scapular spine?
acromion
Skeletal muscle fiber contractions are caused by the interaction between the ________ and the ________ filaments of the sarcomeres.
actin, myosin
Arthritis always involves damage to (the)...
articular cartilages
The divisions of the skeletal system include (the)...
axial and appendicular
Lateral compartment muscles of the upper limb include the ________ muscle.
brachioradialis
Layers of bone that occur at the external and internal surfaces of the bone are referred to as...
circumferential lamellae
The walls of bones are composed of
compact bone
The bony structure of the orbit is composed of which of the following?
ethmoid, sphenoid, frontal, lacrimal, maxilla, zygomatic, and palatine
Orbicularis oris, orbicularis oculi, and platysma are part of the group of muscles known as the muscles of...
facial expression
A bundle of muscle fibers within a skeletal muscle belly is called a ________.
fascicle
The longest, heaviest bone in the body is the
femur
The connection between the humerus and the scapula is called the ________ joint.
glenohumeral
A specialized form of fibrous synarthrosis that binds each tooth to the surrounding bony socket is a(n)...
gomphosis
In anatomical position, a person stands with the legs together and the feet flat on the floor. Additionally, the...
hands are at the sides, and the palms face anteriorly
The function of T tubules is to...
help distribute the electrical impulse, which triggers the release of calcium ions by the sarcoplasmic reticulum
The patella...
is a sesamoid bone
When seated, the body weight is borne by the..
ischial tuberosities
Axial muscles fall into logical groups based upon...
location and function
The small depression on the temporal bone with which the mandible articulates is called (the)...
mandibular fossa
The smallest functional units of the muscle fibers are the
sarcomeres
Which of the following muscles belongs to the group known as ʺhamstringsʺ?
semitendinosus, semimembranosus, and biceps femoris
Which of the following is a classification of bone shape?
sesamoid
