Anatomy Midterm

The vertebral column in adults has ........... curvatures. A. 4 B. 3 C. 5 D. 6

A. 4

Simple mastectomy for breast cancer involves removal of: A. All breast tissue superficial to the retromammary space. B. The nipple and areola C. All of the lymph nodes that drain the breast. D. Only one breast quadrant E. All breast tissue and the underlying muscles

A. All breast tissue superficial to the retromammary space.

Identify the structure indicated below. A. Anterior cruciate ligament B. Lateral collateral ligament C. Posterior cruciate ligament D. Medial collateral ligament

A. Anterior cruciate ligament

Identify the structure indicated below. A. Anterior superior iliac spine B. Ischial spine C. Anteior inferior iliac spine D. Pubic tubercle

A. Anterior superior iliac spine

Identify the structure indicated below. A. Anterior tibial artery B. Popliteal artery C. Fibular artery D. Posterior tibial artery

A. Anterior tibial artery

Identify the structure indicated below A. Arcuate artery B. Dorsalis pedis artery C. Dorsal metatarsal artery D. Dorsal digital artery

A. Arcuate artery

Identify the structure indicated below. A. Basilic vein B. Cephalic vein C. Median cubital vein D. Brachial vein

A. Basilic vein

In pushing (pressing) a weight from shoulder height to overhead, which of the following muscles is least utilized? A. Biceps brachii B. Triceps brachii C. Deltoid

A. Biceps brachii

The superficial fatty layer that makes up the superficial fascia of the abdomen is known as what? A. Camper's fascia B. Rectus sheath C. Scarpa's fascia D. Parietal pleura

A. Camper's fascia

Identify the structure indicated below. A. Extensor digitorum brevis muscle B. Extensor hallucis brevis muscle C. Extensor digitorum longus muscle D. Lumbrical muscles

A. Extensor digitorum brevis muscle

Identify the structure indicated by the arrow. A. Extensor hallucis brevis muscle B. Extensor digitorum longus muscle C. Extensor digitorum brevis muscle D. Tibialis anterior muscle

A. Extensor hallucis brevis muscle

Identify the structure indicated below. A. Fibular retinaculum B. Superior extensor retinaculum C. Inferior extensor retinaculum D. Plantar aponeurosis

A. Fibular retinaculum

Identify the structure indicated below. A. Flexor digitorum longus muscle B. Flexor hullicis longus muscle C. Soleus muscle D. Tibialis posteior muscle

A. Flexor digitorum longus muscle

All of the following are portions of the male urethra except: A. Glans urethra B. Spongy urethra C. Membranous urethra D. Prostatic urethra

A. Glans urethra

Identify the structures indicated below. A. Gluteus medius muscle B. Tensor fasia lata muscle C. Gluteus maximus muscle D. Gluteus minimus muscle

A. Gluteus medius muscle

Identify the structure indicated below. A. Inferior gluteal artery B. Superior gluteal artery C. Femoral artery D. Internal pudendal artery

A. Inferior gluteal artery

What muscle in the female forces blood from the crus of the clitoris into the distal part of the cavernosum clitoris? A. Ischiocavernosus B. Piriformis C. Bulbospongiosus D. Superficial transverse perineal

A. Ischiocavernosus

Which of the following is incorrect pertaining to the umbilical artery? A. It gives rise to the obturator artery. B. It is a branch of the internal iliac artery. C. It gives rise to superior vesical arteries. D. It forms the medial umbilical ligament. E. Postnatally, has both patent and occluded parts.

A. It gives rise to the obturator artery.

Which of the following is incorrect pertaining to pelvic parasympathetic innervation? A. It stimulates ejaculation. B. It stimulates bladder contraction for urination. C. It stimulates rectal contraction for defecation. D. The fibers are accompanied by visceral afferent fibers from pelvic viscera. E. It derives from spinal segments S2-4.

A. It stimulates ejaculation.

A. Medial circumflex femoral artery B. Femoral artery C. Lateral circumflex femoral artery D. Internal pudendal artery

A. Medial circumflex femoral artery

Identify the nerve that provides cutaneous innervation to the area indicated below. A. Median nerve B. Ulnar nerve C. Musculocutaneous nerve D. Radial nerve

A. Median nerve

The vertebral arch is formed by what two structures? A. Pedicle and lamina B. Vertebral foramen and spinous process C. Body and lamina D. Transverse process and articular process

A. Pedicle and lamina

Identify the structure indicated below. A. Popliteus muscle B. Tibialis posterior muscle C. Plantaris muscle D. Flexor digitorum longus muscle

A. Popliteus muscle

A. Posterior Tibial artery B. Peroneal (Fibular) artery C. Sciatic artery D. Anterior Tibial artery

A. Posterior Tibial artery

Opposition of the thumb: A. Primarily involves contraction of a muscle that lies deep to the abductor pollicis brevis B. Primarily involves contraction of a muscle that is innervated by the ulnar nerve C. Is a movement that requires flexion of the thumb's interphalangeal joint D. Primarily involves rotation at the 1st metacarpophalangeal joint E. Is a movement that requires lateral rotation of the thumb

A. Primarily involves contraction of a muscle that lies deep to the abductor pollicis brevis

The pudendal nerve is formed by contributions from the anterior rami of all of the following spinal nerves except A. S1 B. S4 C. S2 D. S3

A. S1

Identify the structure indicated below. A. Semitendinosus muscle B. Short head of biceps muscle C. Semimembranosus muscle D. Long head of biceps muscle

A. Semitendinosus muscle

The hepatic portal vein is formed by the joining of the superior mesenteric vein and what other vein? A. Splenic vein B. Left gastric vein C. Renal vein D. Inferior vena cava

A. Splenic vein

Identify the structure indicated below. A. Superior lateral genicular artery B. Inferior medial genicular artery C. Superior medial genicular artery D. Inferior lateral genicular artery

A. Superior lateral genicular artery

Identify the structure indicated below. A. Tendons of flexor digitorum longus muscle B. Tendons of fibularis longus muscle C. Tendons of tibialis posterior muscle D. Tendons of tibialis anterior muscle

A. Tendons of flexor digitorum longus muscle

What muscle supports the pelvic viscera and resists increases in intra-abdominal pressure? A. The levator ani muscle B. The obturator internus muscle C. The puborectalis muscle D. The coccygeus muscle

A. The levator ani muscle

What ligament connects the ovary to the uterus? A. The ovarian ligament B. The round ligament C. The suspensory ligament D. The broad ligament

A. The ovarian ligament

During defecation which muscle relaxes A. The puborectalis muscle B. The coccygeus muscle C. The obturator internus muscle D. The levator ani muscle

A. The puborectalis muscle

Which of the following is incorrect pertaining to the pelvis during pregnancy? A. The true (conjugate) distance between the sacral promontory and the posterosuperior aspect of the pubic symphysis increases. B. The amount of pelvic rotation permitted around the sacrum is increased. C. The coccyx is permitted to move more posteriorly. D. The transverse diameter of the pelvis is increased. E. The hormone, relaxin, relaxes the pelvic ligaments.

A. The true (conjugate) distance between the sacral promontory and the posterosuperior aspect of the pubic symphysis increases.

Identify the structure indicated below A. Tibial nerve B. Anterior tibial nerve C. Posterior tibial nerve D. Common fibular nerve

A. Tibial nerve

Identify the structure indicated below, A. Tibial nerve B. Posterior tibial nerve C. Common fibular nerve D. Anterior tibial nerve

A. Tibial nerve

Identify the structure indicated below. A. Tibialis anterior muscle B. Fibularis longus muscle C. Extensor digitorum brevis muscle D. Fibularis brevis muscle

A. Tibialis anterior muscle

Reflecting what muscle will expose the rhomboid major and minor? A. Trapezius B. Latissimus dorsi C. Levator scapulae D. Deltoid

A. Trapezius

In what quadrant would you find the stomach and the spleen? A. Upper left quadrant B. Lower right quadrant C. Lower left quadrant D. Upper right quadrant

A. Upper left quadrant

In which of the following activities would the latissimus dorsi be least important? A. Using the backstroke while swimming B. Using the crawl stroke while swimming C. Using the breaststroke while swimming D. Paddling a canoe E. Performing a chin-up

A. Using the backstroke while swimming

The arches of the foot: A. assist in propulsion. B. are all aligned longitudinally. C. all involve the talus. D. are primarily supported by muscle contraction. E. involve the phalanges.

A. assist in propulsion.

The hypogastric plexuses: A. convey sympathetic fibers to pelvic viscera. B. convey pelvic splanchnic fibers to pelvic viscera. C. convey vagal fibers to the pelvic viscera. D. comprise the pelvic part of the sympathetic trunk. E. receive white communicating rami from the sacral spinal nerves.

A. convey sympathetic fibers to pelvic viscera.

You see a patient in the emergency room with a fibular neck fracture subsequent to an automobile accident. You are fearful that the patient may have severed his common fibular nerve. To determine this, you ask him to walk. Which of the following walking abnormalities would suggest that the nerve has been severed? A. high-stepping (steppage) gait B. shortened stance phase C. lack of balance (use of a cane) D. excessive flexion of the knee at heel-strike E. lack of effective hallux push-off

A. high-stepping (steppage) gait

The piriformis muscle: A. may compress the sciatic nerve, a condition called piriformis syndrome. B. attaches to the lesser trochanter. C. is innervated by the inferior gluteal nerve. D. is innervated by the superior gluteal nerve. E. medially rotates the thigh.

A. may compress the sciatic nerve, a condition called piriformis syndrome.

Which of the following is not typically a tributary of the internal iliac vein? A. superior rectal vein B. uterine vein C. internal pudendal vein D. superior gluteal vein E. veins from the vesical pelvic plexus

A. superior rectal vein

In the following image of a coronal section through the rectum and anal canal, the arrow indicates: A. the ischioanal fossa. B. the pudendal canal. C. the superficial perineal space. D. an ischioanal fistula. E. the deep perineal space.

A. the ischioanal fossa.

The structures indicated by the arrows in the picture below are ............. A. 1. Anterior primary ramus, 2. Posterior primary ramus B. 1. Posterior primary ramus, 2. Anterior primary ramus

B. 1. Posterior primary ramus, 2. Anterior primary ramus (Anterior primary ramus is thicker than posterior)

The posterior part of the perineum is called the A. Urogenital triangle B. Anal triangle C. Urinary system D. Anus

B. Anal triangle

A. Fibular artery B. Anterior Tibial artery C. Posterior Tibial artery D. Popliteal artery

B. Anterior Tibial artery

Which of the following is incorrect pertaining to the patella? A. Its apex indicates the level of the knee joint when the leg is extended. B. Because of the way it ossifies, the patella always fractures in at least four pieces. C. Testing of its associated tendon reflex is done with the patient sitting and legs "dangling." D. It increases the mechanical advantage of the quadriceps femoris for extending the knee. E. Pain felt deep to it may be associated with a condition known as chondromalacia patella.

B. Because of the way it ossifies, the patella always fractures in at least four pieces.

Identify the structure indicated below. A. Extensor carpi radialis brevis muscle B. Brachioradialis muscle C. Extensor carpi radialis longus muscle D. Extensor digitorum muscle

B. Brachioradialis muscle

Which muscle covers the most superior surface of the bulb of the penis? A. Piriformis B. Bulbospongiosus C. Ischiocavernosus D. Superficial transverse perineal

B. Bulbospongiosus

The term adnexa refers to the following except A. Ligaments of the uterus B. Clitoris C. Ovaries D. Uterine tubes

B. Clitoris

All of the following are features of the uterus except: A. Isthmus B. Clitorus C. Fundus D. Cervix

B. Clitorus

Identify the structure indicated below. A. Posterior circumflex artery B. Deep artery of the thigh C. Femoral artery D. Anterior circumflex artery

B. Deep artery of the thigh

Identify the structure indicated below. A. Arcuate artery B. Dorsalis pedis artery C. Dorsal digital artery D. Dorsal metatarsal artery

B. Dorsalis pedis artery

Identify the structure indicated below. A. Dorsal digital artery B. Dorsalis pedis artery C. Dorsal metatarsal artery D. Arcuate artery

B. Dorsalis pedis artery

Identify the structure indicated by the arrow. A. Extensor digitorum longus muscle B. Extensor digitorum brevis muscle C. Extensor hallucis brevis muscle D. Lumbrical muscles

B. Extensor digitorum brevis muscle

Identify the structure indicated below. A. Tibialis anterior muscle B. Extensor digitorum longus muscle C. Fibularis longus muscle D. Extensor digitorum brevis muscle

B. Extensor digitorum longus muscle

Identify the structure indicated below. A. Extensor carpi radialis longus muscle B. Extensor digitorum muscle C. Extensor carpi radialis brevis muscle D. Brachioradialis muscle

B. Extensor digitorum muscle

Identify the structure indicated by the arrow. A. Tibialis anterior muscle B. Extensor hallucis longus muscle C. Extensor digitorum longus muscle D. Extensor digitorum brevis muscle

B. Extensor hallucis longus muscle

Identify the structure indicated below. A. Flexor hallucsis brevis muscle B. Flexor digitorum brevis muscle Flexor digiti minimi muscle Addutor hallucis muscle

B. Flexor digitorum brevis muscle

Identify the structure indicated below. A. Plantaris muscle B. Flexor hallucis longus muscle C. Flexor digitorum longus muscle D. Soleus muscle

B. Flexor hallucis longus muscle

Identify the structure indicated below. A. Long head of adductor magnus muscle B. Gracillis muscle C. Adductor longus muscle D. Sartorius muscle

B. Gracillis muscle

The spleen is entirely surrounded by peritoneum except at the ............ A. Colic area B. Hilum C. Gastric area D. Renal area

B. Hilum

The ulna articulates proximally with the: A. None is correct B. Humerus C. Scapula D. Carpal bones

B. Humerus

Going from proximal to distal, the bones of the upper extremity would be: A. Humerus, radius, metacarpals, carpals B. Humerus, radius, carpals, metacarpals C. Carpals, Metacarpals, ulna, humerus D. Metacarpals, carpals, ulna, humerus

B. Humerus, radius, carpals, metacarpals

Identify the structure indicated below. A. Adductor brevis muscle B. Iliopsoas muscle C. Pectineus muscle D. Rectus femoris muscle

B. Iliopsoas muscle

Identify the structure indicated below. A. Lateral femoral cutaneous nerve B. Inguinal ligament C. Femoral nerve D. Obturator nerve

B. Inguinal ligament

Identify the structure indicated below. A. Anterior inferior iliac spine B. Ischial tuberosity C. Iliac crest D. Ischial spine

B. Ischial tuberosity

Which of the following is incorrect pertaining to the plantar aponeurosis? A. It is part of the superficial fascia of the sole of the foot. B. It attaches to the calcaneus. C. When inflamed and painful it produces a condition called plantar fascitis. D. It becomes continuous with the fibrous digital sheaths of the toes. E. It functions as a ligament supporting the longitudinal arches of the foot.

B. It attaches to the calcaneus.

Which of the following is incorrect pertaining to the great saphenous vein? A. It passes posterior to the medial condyle of the femur. B. It passes posterior to the medial malleolus. C. It drains into the femoral vein. D. It traverses the saphenous opening in the fascia lata. E. It has a nearly uniform diameter because blood is shunted to deeper veins.

B. It passes posterior to the medial malleolus.

Identify the structure indicated below. A. Medial meniscus B. Lateral meniscus Anterior cruciate ligament Posterior cruciate ligament

B. Lateral meniscus

The following structures are the major branches that come off the celiac trunk except ............. A. Left gastric artery B. Left renal artery C. Common hepatic artery D. Splenic artery

B. Left renal artery

Identify the structure indicated below. A. Spring ligament B. Long plantar ligament C. Deltoid ligament D. Short plantar ligament

B. Long plantar ligament

............. is a valve between left atrium and ventricle; prevents blood from flowing backwards into atrium and has two flaps. A. Aortic Valve B. Mitral valve C. Pulmonary valve D. Atrioventricular valve

B. Mitral valve

Which of the following is NOT included in the pelvic cavity? A. Rectum B. None of the above C. Urinary bladder D. Internal genitalia

B. None of the above

Identify the structure indicated below. A. Piriformis muscle B. Obturator externus muscle C. Obturator internus muscle D. Pectineus muscle

B. Obturator externus muscle

Identify the structure indicated below. A. Radial artery B. Popliteal artery C. Femoral artery D. Ulnar artery

B. Popliteal artery

Identify the structure indicated below. A. Tibialis posterior muscle B. Popliteus muscle C. Plantaris muscle D. Flexor digitorum longus muscle

B. Popliteus muscle

Identify the structure indicated below. A. Anterior tibial artery B. Posterior tibial artery C. Medial plantar nerve D. Fibular artery

B. Posterior tibial artery

Identify the structure indicated below. A. Ischial tuberosity B. Pubic turbercle C. Anterior inferior iliac spine D. Pecten pubis

B. Pubic turbercle

The large intestine can be distinguished from the small intestine by one of the followings EXCEPT......... A. Caliber B. Rectum C. Omental appendices D. Teniae coli E. Haustra

B. Rectum

A. Femoral vein B. Short Saphenous vein C. Long Saphenous vein D. Popliteal vein

B. Short Saphenous vein

Identify the structure indicated below. A. Gasrocnemius muscle B. Soleus muscle C. Plantaris muscle D. Tibialis posterior muscle

B. Soleus muscle

Which muscle helps support the perineal body in the male urogenital triangle? A. Ischiocavernosus B. Superficial transverse perineal C. Bulbospongiosus D. Piriformis

B. Superficial transverse perineal

The green highlighted structure indicated in the illustration below is ............ A. The cecum B. The ascending colon C. The sigmoid colon D. The right colic flexure

B. The ascending colon

Cardiac tamponade refers to: A. The rustle-of-silk sound heard in a stethoscope when there is pericarditis B. The buildup of fluid in the pericardial cavity that impedes the pumping of the heart C. Pericardial calcification D. Pain from a heart attack E. The effect of a pneumothorax on the heart

B. The buildup of fluid in the pericardial cavity that impedes the pumping of the heart

............ is the driving pump for systemic circulation. A. The left atrium B. The left ventricle C. The right ventricle D. The right atrium

B. The left ventricle

Which of the following is incorrect pertaining to the foot joints and ligaments? A. The plantar calcaneonavicular ligament (spring ligament) supports the head of the talus. B. The transverse tarsal joint is the anatomical joint between the talus, navicular, and calcaneus. C. The anatomical subtalar joint is between the posterior articular facet of the calcaneus and the talus. D. The long plantar ligament supports the longitudinal arches of the foot. E. The long plantar ligament attaches to the calcaneus and cuboid.

B. The transverse tarsal joint is the anatomical joint between the talus, navicular, and calcaneus.

Which of the following is incorrect pertaining to the uterine tubes? A. They may be ligated to prevent pregnancy. B. Their distal part, the ampulla, surrounds the ovary. C. They allow the development of peritonitis from genitourinary tract infections. D. They lie in the mesosalpinx part of the broad ligament. E. They may become the site of an ectopic pregnancy.

B. Their distal part, the ampulla, surrounds the ovary.

Which of the following is incorrect pertaining to the hamstrings? A. One of them is partially innervated by the common fibular division of the sciatic nerve. B. They all attach to the tibia. C. One of them is part of the "pes anserinus." D. They all attach to the ischial tuberosity. E. They all can produce both hip extension and knee flexion.

B. They all attach to the tibia.

A. Sciatic nerve B. Tibial nerve C. Median nerve D. Common fibular nerve

B. Tibial nerve

Identify the structure indicated below. A. Soleus muscle B. Tibialis posterior muscle C. Flexor hallucis longus muscle D. Flexor digitorum longus muscle

B. Tibialis posterior muscle

Excessive lumbar lordosis is associated with all of the following except: A. Anterior rotation of the pelvis B. Unequal limb length C. Obesity D. Pregnancy E. Hollow back

B. Unequal limb length

The adductor canal is: A. the passageway used by the obturator externus muscle to reach the greater trochanter. B. a mid-thigh intermuscular passageway that conducts the femoral vessels. C. an opening in the adductor magnus muscle. D. the passageway used by the obturator internus muscle to exit the pelvis. E. the space between the adductor longus and brevis that transmits the anterior divisions of the obturator vessels.

B. a mid-thigh intermuscular passageway that conducts the femoral vessels.

The pelvic pain line: A. is only relevant during childbirth. B. characterizes pelvic pain referral areas based on the inferior limit of peritoneum. C. refers to the vertebral level at which the pain associated with parturition is most severe. D. is at the level of the first sacral segment. E. relates to the referred pain felt in the midsagittal plane after hysterectomy.

B. characterizes pelvic pain referral areas based on the inferior limit of peritoneum.

Following an argument with his wife in which a man backed through a glass storm door resulting in deep laceration of his buttocks, he is having great difficulty walking. To better understand the nature of his disability, you ask him to stand on one foot. By doing so, you are doing all of the following except: A. evaluating the function of the gluteus medius and minimus. B. evaluating the function of the gluteus maximus. C. evaluating the function of the superior gluteal nerve. D. using a Trendelenburg test. E. evaluating the function of the abductors of the thigh.

B. evaluating the function of the gluteus maximus.

The pancreas produces ............., which enters the duodenum, and ..........., which enter the blood. A. endocrine secretion, exocrine secretion B. exocrine secretion, endocrine secretion C. cytokine secretion, chemokine secretion D. chemokine secretion, cytokine secretion

B. exocrine secretion, endocrine secretion

Circumcision involves: A. enlarging the external urethral orifice. B. removal of the prepuce of the penis. C. removal of the glans of the penis. D. surgically constructing a new external urethral orifice. E. removal of the corona of the glans of the penis.

B. removal of the prepuce of the penis.

The sacrotuberous ligament: A. passes through the greater sciatic notch. B. resists posterosuperior rotation of the sacrum (inferior aspect moving posteriorly and superiorly). C. passes through the obturator foramen. D. attaches to the ala of the sacrum. E. prevents posterior dislocation of the femoral head.

B. resists posterosuperior rotation of the sacrum (inferior aspect moving posteriorly and superiorly).

You examine a patient after an automobile accident that resulted in a posterior dislocation of the hip joint. Which nerve are you most concerned might have been injured by such an accident? A. lumbosacral trunk B. sciatic C. femoral D. obturator E. pelvic splanchnic

B. sciatic

At what sacral level does the rectum begin? A. 1st sacral vertebra B. 5th sacral vertebra C. 3rd sacral vertebra D. 12th thoracic vertebra

C. 3rd sacral vertebra

You examine a young male patient whose shoulder was injured during a football game. You immediately notice that his acromion process is abnormally prominent and inferior to the acromial end of the clavicle. You diagnose: A. A dislocated acromioclavicular joint with intact coracoclavicular ligaments B. posteriorly dislocated glenohumeral joint C. A dislocated acromioclavicular joint with torn coracoclavicular ligaments D. A torn rotator cuff E. An anteriorly dislocated glenohumeral joint

C. A dislocated acromioclavicular joint with torn coracoclavicular ligaments

Which of the following is incorrect pertaining to the ankle joint (talocrural articulation)? A. It is more stable in dorsiflexion than in plantarflexion. B. A Pott fracture is associated with ankle injury. C. A sprained ankle is typically an eversion injury. D. It is a hinge type of synovial joint. E. Edema between the medial malleolus and calcaneus may cause compression of the tibial nerve and associated heel pain.

C. A sprained ankle is typically an eversion injury.

Identify the structure indicated below. A. Flexor digiti miniimi muscle B. lumbrical muscle C. Abductor digiti minimi muscle D. Adductor digiti muscle

C. Abductor digiti minimi muscle

Identify the structure indicated below. A. Palmaris Brevis muscle B. Abductor pollicis bregis muscle C. Abductor digiti minimi muscle D. First lumbrical muscle

C. Abductor digiti minimi muscle

Identify the structure indicated below. A. Adbuctor digiti minimi muscle B. Flexor digitorum brevis muscle C. Abductor hallucis muscle D> Adductor hallucis muscle

C. Abductor hallucis muscle

Identify the structure indicated below. A. Adductor brevis muscle B. Pwectineus muscle C. Adductor longus muscle D. Short head of adductor magnus muscle

C. Adductor longus muscle

The flexor muscles that move the fingers are located on the: A. Anterior lateral surface of the forearm B. Posterior surface of the hand C. Anterior medial surface of the forearm D. Posterior surface of the forearm

C. Anterior medial surface of the forearm

Identify the structure indicated below. A. Medial plantar nerve B. Lateral plantar nerve C. Common plantar nerve D. Proper plantar nerve

C. Common plantar nerve

What is the terminal branch of the internal pudendal artery in the male urogenital triangle? A. External iliac artery B. Inferior epigastric artery C. Dorsal artery of the penis D. Obturator artery

C. Dorsal artery of the penis

A. Extensor digitorum longus muscle B. Tibialis anterior muscle C. Extensor hallucis longus D. Extensor digitorum brevis muscle

C. Extensor hallucis longus

Identify the structure indicated by the arrow. A. Extensor digitorum brevis muscle B. Extensor digitorum longus muscle C. Extensor hallucis longus muscle D. Tibialis anterior muscle

C. Extensor hallucis longus muscle

Identify the structure indicated below. A. Tibialis posterior muscle B. Flexor digitorum longus muscle C. Fibularis brevis muscle D. Fibularis longus muscle

C. Fibularis brevis muscle

A. Anterior cruciate ligament A. Soleus Tibialis posterior muscle B. Fibulalris brevis muscle C. Fibularis longus muscle D. Plantaris muscle

C. Fibularis longus muscle

Identify the structure indicated below. A. Long head of adductor magnus muscle B. Sartorius muscle C. Gracillis muscle D. Adductor longus muscle

C. Gracillis muscle

Identify the structure indicated below. A. Inferior pelvic outlet B. Lesser sciatic foramen C. Great sciatic foramen D. Obturator foramen

C. Great sciatic foramen

While on a neurology rotation, the attending physician asks you to test a patient's femoral nerve function. Which of the following would you do? A. Have the patient extend his thigh against your resistance. B. Have the patient rotate his thigh medially while you resist this movement. C. Have the patient extend his knee against your resistance. D. Have the patient flex his knee against your resistance.

C. Have the patient extend his knee against your resistance.

Identify the structure indicated below. A. Medial condyl of tibia B. Medial condyle of femur C. Head of the fibula D. Lateral condyle of femur

C. Head of the fibula

Identify the structure indicated below. A. Medial condyle of femur B, Lateral condyle of femur C. Head of the fibula D. Medial condyl of tibia

C. Head of the fibula

Identify the structure indicated below. A. Superior medial genicular artery B. Inferior medial genicular artery C. Inferior lateral genicular artery D. Superior lateral genicualr artery

C. Inferior lateral genicular artery

Which muscle in the male forces blood from the crus of the penis into the distal part of the corpus cavernosum of the penis? A. Superficial transverse perineal B. Bulbospongiosus C. Ischiocavernosus D. Piriformis

C. Ischiocavernosus

Which of the following is incorrect pertaining to the dorsalispedis artery? A. It supplements the arterial supply to the plantar surface of the foot. B. It runs between the extensor hallucis longus and extensor digitorum longus tendons on the dorsum of the foot. C. It enters the foot superficial to the extensor retinaculum. D. The absence of the dorsalis pedis pulse in an otherwise healthy adult suggests an enlargement of the patient's perforating fibular artery. E. It gives rise to the arcuate artery.

C. It enters the foot superficial to the extensor retinaculum.

Which of the following is not correct pertaining to the popliteal artery? A. It can be ruptured by a dislocated knee. B. It is the continuation of the femoral artery. C. It is located superficial to the tibial nerve in the popliteal fossa. D. It begins at the adductor hiatus. E. It is located deep to the popliteal vein in the popliteal fossa.

C. It is located superficial to the tibial nerve in the popliteal fossa.

Which of the following is incorrect pertaining to the pelvic diaphragm? A. It is pierced by the vagina in females. B. It helps maintain urinary continence. C. It is synonymous with the levator ani. D. It helps maintain fecal continence. E. It separates the pelvic cavity from the perineum.

C. It is synonymous with the levator ani.

Identify the structure indicated below. A. Short plantar ligament B. Deltoid ligament C. Long plantar ligament D. Spring ligament

C. Long plantar ligament

Identify the structure indicated below. A. Flexor hallucis brevis muscle B. Adductor hallucis muscle C. Lumbrical muscle D. Dorsal interosseous muscle

C. Lumbrical muscle

Identify the structure indicated below. A. Medial condyle of femur B. Head of fibula C. Medial condyle of tibia D. Lateral condyle of femur

C. Medial condyle of tibia

Which nerve is compressed in carpal tunnel syndrome? A. Radial nerve B. Ulnar nerve C. Median nerve D. Anterior interosseous

C. Median nerve

Identify the structure indicated below. A. Suprior gemellus muscle B. Pririformis muscle C. Obturator internus muscle D. Quadratus femoris muscle

C. Obturator internus muscle

What is not a part of the appendicular skeleton? A. Radius B. Clavicle C. Parietal bones D. Pelvic bones

C. Parietal bones

Identify the structure indicated below. A. Adductor longus muscle B. Adductor brevis muscle C. Pectineus muscle D. Short head of adductor magnus muscle

C. Pectineus muscle

The anterior branches of the internal iliac reach the following regions except A. Internal genitalia B. External genitalia C. Pelvic wall D. Urinary bladder E. Rectum

C. Pelvic wall

A. Femoral artery B. Sciatic artery C. Popliteal artery D. Obturator artery

C. Popliteal artery

Which nerves innervate the deep muscles of the back? A. Accessory nerves B. Thoracodorsal nerves C. Posterior rami D. Anterior rami E. Dorsal scapular nerves

C. Posterior rami

Identify the structure indicated by the arrow. A. Gluteus minimus muscle B. Oburator internus muscle C. Quadratus femoris muscle D. Inferior gemellus muscle

C. Quadratus femoris muscle

Identify the structure indicated below. (anterior view of arm/forearm) A. Median nerve B. Musculocutaneous nerve C. Radial nerve D. Ulnar nerve

C. Radial nerve

Which of the following is NOT one of the flat muscles in the anterolateral abdominal wall? A. Internal oblique B. External oblique C. Rectus abdominis D. Transversus abdominis

C. Rectus abdominis

Identify the structure indicated below. A. ligamentum flavum B. Inguinal ligament C. Sacrotuberous ligament D. Sacrospinous ligament

C. Sacrotuberous ligament

Identify the structure indicated below. A. Long head of biceps femoris muscle B. Short head of biceps femoris muscle C. Semitendinosus muscle D. Semi membranosus muscle

C. Semitendinosus muscle

Identify the structure indicated below. A. Common fibular nerve B. Deep fibular nerve C. Superficial fibular nerve D. Tibial nerve

C. Superficial fibular nerve

Which of the following is incorrect pertaining to the bony pelvis? A. The pelvic brim separates the greater (false) and lesser (true) pelves. B. In infants and children the hip bone is composed of three separate bones—the ilium, ischium, and pubis. C. The ala of the ilium helps to form the acetabulum. D. The pelvic girdle is composed of the right and left hip bones and the sacrum.

C. The ala of the ilium helps to form the acetabulum.

What joins to form the ejaculatory duct? A. None of the answer choices B. The duct of the seminal vesicle and the prostatic urethra C. The duct of the seminal vesicle and the ductus deferens D. The ductus deferens and the prostatic urethra

C. The duct of the seminal vesicle and the ductus deferens

Which of the following is incorrect pertaining to the female perineum? A. The vestibule is the space enclosed by the labia minora. B. The mons pubis is composed of skin covering fatty tissue. C. The greater vestibular glands are typically palpable. D. Located immediately within the vaginal orifice, the hymen is a thin fold of mucous membrane that ruptures in young women with physical activity or sexual intercourse. E. The bulbs of the vestibule are composed of erectile tissue.

C. The greater vestibular glands are typically palpable.

Which of the following is incorrect pertaining to the bladder? A. A complete spinal cord transaction superior to the second sacral segment would eliminate voluntary control of micturition. B. The interior of the bladder may be viewed with a cystoscope. C. Withdrawal of urine from the bladder requires the needle to enter the peritoneal cavity. D. Rupture of the superior part of the bladder is usually associated with extravasation (passage) of urine into the peritoneal cavity. E. A cystocele may result from injuries associated with parturition.

C. Withdrawal of urine from the bladder requires the needle to enter the peritoneal cavity.

Coxa vara refers to A. an abnormal decrease in the angle between the head and neck of the femur and its shaft (angle of inclination). B. an abnormally short femur. C. an abnormal decrease in the angle between the shaft of the femur and the tibia. D. an abnormally short distance between the anterior superior iliac spine and the center of the acetabulum. E. an abnormally short distance between the iliac crest and the greater trochanter.

C. an abnormal decrease in the angle between the shaft of the femur and the tibia.

The medial meniscus is injured much more frequently than the lateral meniscus because it is: A. attached to the patella. B. attached to the popliteus. C. attached to the tibial collateral ligament. D. thinner E. more mobile.

C. attached to the tibial collateral ligament.

Which of the following is not associated with male erection or ejaculation? A. closure of the vesical (internal urethral) sphincter. B. contraction of urethral smooth musculature. C. contraction of the smooth muscle of the helical arteries. D. parasympathetic impulses reaching the penis from the prostatic nervous plexus. E. contraction of bulbospongiosus.

C. contraction of the smooth muscle of the helical arteries.

You examine a young patient in the emergency room who is complaining of ankle pain following a soccer game. The patient demonstrates to you that an accident resulted in his foot being forced into an excessively inverted position. Based on this scenario, which of the following is the most likely injury? A. fractured calcaneus B. tibial dislocation C. fractured lateral malleolus D. medial malleolar dislocation E. fractured talus

C. fractured lateral malleolus

The rectouterine pouch: A. provides support to the bladder. B. may be entered from the anterior vaginal fornix. C. is a peritoneal recess. D. contains the ovaries. E. is within the broad ligament.

C. is a peritoneal recess.

Detrusor muscle contraction is stimulated by: A. contractions of the levator ani. B. internal pudendal nerve. C. pelvic splanchnic nerves. D. lumbar splanchnic nerves. E. the superior hypogastric nerve.

C. pelvic splanchnic nerves.

While assisting in a surgery to repair the middle portion of a torn semitendinosus muscle, the surgeon points to an artery supplying that portion of the muscle and asks you to name it. You reply: A. deep artery of the thigh. B. obturator artery. C. perforating artery. D. femoral artery. E. superior gluteal artery.

C. perforating artery.

Which of the following would conclusively demonstrate functionality of the deep fibular nerve? A. response to pin prick on the foot at the level of the malleoli B. response to pin prick on the anteromedial surface of the middle of the leg C. response to pin prick on the foot between the first and second toes D. eversion of the foot E. inversion of the foot

C. response to pin prick on the foot between the first and second toes

The ductus deferens: A. is typically ligated during a vasectomy as it exits the superficial inguinal ring. B. is drained by lymph vessels destined for the deep inguinal nodes. C. terminates by uniting with the duct of the seminal glands to form the ejaculatory duct. D. begins at the head of the testis. E. is intraperitoneal.

C. terminates by uniting with the duct of the seminal glands to form the ejaculatory duct.

The sacrum consists of .............. fused sacral vertebrae A. 3. B. 7 C. 9 D. 5

D. 5

Identify the structure indicated below. A. Extensor pollicis brevis muscle B. Extensor pollicis longus muscle C. Extensor indicis muscle D. Abductor pollicis longus muscle

D. Abductor pollicis longus muscle

The point of fusion of the pubis, ischium and ilium is called the: A. Superior pubic ramus B. Illiopubic eminence C. Ischial tuberosity D. Acetabulum

D. Acetabulum

Identify the structure indicated below. A. Obturator externus muscle B. Short head of adductor magnus muscle C. Pectineus muscle D. Adductor brevis muscle

D. Adductor brevis muscle

Which of the following reasons best explains why it is easier to do a "chin-up" (hands supinated) than a "pull-up" (hands pronated)? A. Because the long digital flexors can better assist with elbow flexion in the supinated position B. Because the brachialis is a less-effective elbow flexor in the pronated position C. Because the humero-radial-ulnar joint is better aligned in the supinated position D. Because the biceps is a less-effective flexor in the pronated position E. Because the brachioradialis is a less-effective flexor in the pronated position

D. Because the biceps is a less-effective flexor in the pronated position

During vertebral ossification, the costal elements in the cervical region: A. Never develop B. Degenera C. Become part of the spinous processes D. Become part of the transverse processes E. Become part of the vertebral arch

D. Become part of the transverse processes

Identify the structure indicated below. A. Plantar aponeurosis B. Flexor retinaculum C. Extensor retinaculum D. Calcaneal tendon

D. Calcaneal tendon

What are the terminal branches of the abdominal aorta? A. Renal arteries B. Celiac arteries C. Lumbar arteries D. Common iliac arteries

D. Common iliac arteries

identify the structure indicated below. A. Medial plantar nerve B. Lateral plantar nerve C. Proper plantar nerve D. Common plantar nerve

D. Common plantar nerve

Which of the following separates the thoracic cavity from the abdominal cavity? A. Esophagus B. Thoracic duct C. Aorta D. Diaphragm

D. Diaphragm

Which of the following if the order of the small intestine from beginning to end? A. Ileum, duodenum, jejunum B. Jejunum, duodenum, ileum C. Duodenum, ileum, jejunum D. Duodenum, jejunum, ileum

D. Duodenum, jejunum, ileum

Identify the structure indicated below. A. Plantar aponeurosis B. Calcaneal tendon C. Flexor retinaculum D. Extensor retinaculum

D. Extensor retinaculum

Identify the structure indicated by the arrow. A. Obturator nerve B. Lateral femoral cutaneous nerve C. Inguinal ligament D. Femoral nerve

D. Femoral nerve

What are the processes called that surround the distal margin of the infundibulum? A. Isthmus B. Ampulla C. Infundibulum D. Fimbriae

D. Fimbriae

The sympathetic trunks of the two sides join in the midline of the pelvis near the coccyx to form the A. Superior ganglion B. Great ganglion C. Inferior ganglion D. Ganglion impar

D. Ganglion impar

Identify the structure indicated below. A. Calcaneal tendon B. Superior extensor reticulum C. Flexor retinaculum D. Inferior extensor retinaculum

D. Inferior extensor retinaculum

Which of the following is incorrect pertaining to the calcaneal (Achilles) tendon? A. It is the common distal attachment of the gastrocnemius, soleus, and plantaris muscles. B. It is separated from the superior part of the posterior surface of the calcaneus by a bursa. C. It spirals while passing inferiorly to its attachment on the calcaneus. D. It continues into the foot as the long plantar ligament. E. It is used to test S1and S2 nerve function.

D. It continues into the foot as the long plantar ligament.

Identify the structure indicated below. A. Tibial nerve B. Deep fibular nerve C. Medial plantar nerve D. Lateral plantar nerve

D. Lateral plantar nerve

Which of the following organs receives venous blood via the hepatic portal vein? A. Small intestine B. Spleen C. Stomach D. Liver

D. Liver

Identify the structure indicated below. A. Posterior cruciate ligament B. Lateral meniscus C. Anterior cruciate ligament D. Medial meniscus

D. Medial meniscus

Identify the structure indicated below. A. Lateral plantar nerve B. Tibial nerve C. Deep fibular nerve D. Medial plantar nerve

D. Medial plantar nerve

Which of the following is NOT included in the perineum? A. Urethra B. Anal canal C. External genitalia D. None of the above

D. None of the above

Identify the structure indicated below. A. Abductor hallucis muscle B. Interosseous muscle C. Lumbrical muscle D. Oblique head of adductor hallucis muscle

D. Oblique head of adductor hallucis muscle

Identify the structure indicated below. A. Pudendal nerve B. Superior gluteal nerve C. Femoral nerve D. Obturator nerve

D. Obturator nerve

Identify the structure indicated below. A. First lumbrical muscle B. Abductor digiti minimi muscle C. Abductor pollicis bregis muscle D. Palmaris Brevis muscle

D. Palmaris Brevis muscle

Identify the structure indicated below. A. Adductor brevis muscle B. Rectus femoris muscle C. iliopsoas muscle D. Pectineus muscle

D. Pectineus muscle

Identify the structure indicated below. A. Lateral collateral ligament B. Patellar ligament C. Iliotibial tract D. Pes anserinus

D. Pes anserinus

Identify structure indicated below. A. Calcaneal tendon B. Flexor retinaculum C. Extensor retinaculum D. Plantar aponeurosis

D. Plantar aponeurosis

A. Long Saphenous vein B. Femoral vein C. Short Saphenous vein D. Popliteal vein

D. Popliteal vein

Identify the structure indicated below. A. Common fibular nerve B. Sciatic nerve C. Tibial nerve D. Posterior femoral cutaneous nerve

D. Posterior femoral cutaneous nerve

Where do the inferior rectal muscles and nerve exit to enter the ischioanal fossa? A. Urogenital ridge B. Urinary canal C. Anal canal D. Pudendal canal

D. Pudendal canal

The structure indicated by the arrow in the illustration below is ............. A. Right atrioventricular valve B. Left atrioventricular valve C. Aortic valve D. Pulmonary valve

D. Pulmonary valve

Which ribs make up the "true ribs"? A. Ribs 11 and 12 B. Ribs 8 to 12 C. Ribs 1 to 14 D. Ribs 1 to 7

D. Ribs 1 to 7

identify the structure indicated below. A. Calcaneonavicular ligament B. Long plantar ligament C. Tibiocalcaneal ligament D. Short plantar ligament

D. Short plantar ligament

Identify the structure indicated below. A. Deep fibular nerve B. Common fibular nerve C. Tibial nerve D. Superficial fibular nerve

D. Superficial fibular nerve

Identify the structure indicated below. A. Obturator internus muscle B. Pririformis muscle C. Quadratus femoris muscle D. Superior gemellus muscle

D. Superior gemellus muscle

A. Pubic tubercle B. Ischiopubic ramus C. Pecten pubis D. Superior pubic ramus

D. Superior pubic ramus

Identify the structure indicated below. A. Tendon of tibialis posterior muscle B. Tendon of flexor digitorum longus muscle C. Tendon of Flrexor hallucis longus muscle D. Tendon of fiublaris longus muscle

D. Tendon of fiublaris longus muscle

The following structures form the pelvic diaphragm except A. Fascia covering the superior and inferior surfaces B. The levator ani muscle C. The coccygeus muscle D. The obturator internus muscle

D. The obturator internus muscle

What does the pelvic diaphragm separate? A. The external genitalia and internal genitalia B. The bladder and urethra C. The rectum and anal canal D. The pelvic cavity and the perineum

D. The pelvic cavity and the perineum

The pulmonary artery carries deoxygenated blood from ............. to .............. A. The lungs to the right ventricle B. The heart to the right atrium C. The right atrium to the heart D. The right ventricle to the lungs

D. The right ventricle to the lungs

Identify the structure indicated below. A. Rectus femoris muscle B. Sartorius muscle C. Adductor magnus muscle D. Vastus medialis

D. Vastus medialis

The external anal sphincter muscle is skeletal muscle under A. Involuntary control B. Voluntary and involuntary control C. None of the above D. Voluntary control

D. Voluntary control

You examine a patient with severe bruising on the anterolateral surface of his leg. The patient relates that he was severely kicked "in the shin" while playing soccer a few days ago. Besides the pain, the patient is complaining of weakness in ankle dorsiflexion. Your examination reveals a barely perceptible dorsalispedis pulse. Which of the following is your most reasonable diagnosis? A. lacerated deep fibular nerve and anterior tibial artery B. anterior compartment syndrome due to lymphatic swelling C. aneurysm of the anterior tibial artery with concomitant pressure on the nerve D. anterior compartment syndrome due to anterior tibial artery hemorrhage E. atrophy of the tibialis anterior

D. anterior compartment syndrome due to anterior tibial artery hemorrhage

Which of the following is not true of the fibularislongus, brevis, or tertius? A. resists inversion of the foot B. attaches to the first metatarsal C. attaches to the calcaneus D. innervated by deep fibular nerve E. plantarflexes ankle

D. innervated by deep fibular nerve

You examine a young boy in the emergency room who is bleeding from his penis after an accident. This blood is derived primarily from a branch of which of the following arteries? A. superior gluteal B. femoral C. external pudendal D. internal pudendal E. inferior epigastric

D. internal pudendal

Prostate cancer: A. is characterized by a softening of the prostate that can be felt during a digital rectal exam. B. is conclusively identified by a positive test of the external iliac lymph nodes. C. is associated with bladder cancer. D. is best identified rectally when the patient has a full bladder. E. often metastasizes to the testes.

D. is best identified rectally when the patient has a full bladder.

The hip joint: A. exhibits complete contact between the head of the femur and acetabulum during normal standing. B. can be rotated more strongly medially than laterally. C. is supported posteriorly by the pubofemoral ligament, which prevents over-abduction. D. is supported anteriorly and superiorly by the iliofemoral ligament, which prevents hyperextension. E. is strongly supported by the ligament of the head of the femur.

D. is supported anteriorly and superiorly by the iliofemoral ligament, which prevents hyperextension.

Which of the following structures is least important for supporting the uterus and/or maintaining its position? A. pelvic diaphragm B. transverse cervical (cardinal) ligaments C. uterosacral ligament D. round ligament of the uterus E. broad ligament

D. round ligament of the uterus

The pectinate line of the anal canal: A. denotes the separation of the external and internal sphincter ani muscles. B. denotes the separation between the rectal and anal mucosa. C. separates the part of the anal canal that is innervated by sympathetic fibers from that innervated by parasympathetic fibers. D. separates the part of the anal canal that is sensitive to laceration from the part that is not. E. indicates the anorectal junction.

D. separates the part of the anal canal that is sensitive to laceration from the part that is not.

Following a football injury, a patient complains of knee pain. To test the integrity of his anterior cruciate ligament, you would have him: A. sit with his leg flexed at the knee and push posteriorly on his tibia. B. sit with his leg flexed at the knee and laterally rotate his leg. C. sit with his leg flexed at the knee and medially rotate his leg. D. sit with his leg flexed at the knee and pull anteriorly on his tibia. E. lay supine and press posteriorly on his patella.

D. sit with his leg flexed at the knee and pull anteriorly on his tibia.

The tibialis posterior: A. attaches to the femur. B. is innervated by the deep fibular nerve. C. is an important swing phase muscle. D. supports the medial longitudinal arch of the foot. E. everts the foot.

D. supports the medial longitudinal arch of the foot.

The tibialis posterior: A. is an important swing phase muscle. B. attaches to the femur. C. is innervated by the deep fibular nerve. D. supports the medial longitudinal arch of the foot. E. everts the foot.

D. supports the medial longitudinal arch of the foot.

Put the following in order from external to internal (A) Cremasteric fascia (B) External spermatic fascia (C) Tunica Vaginalis (D) Internal spermatic fascia (E) Dartos fascia

E, B, A, D, C

Spina bifida cystica refers to a congenital anomaly characterized by: A. An abnormal division of spinal nerves so that lower limb movement control is disturbed B. A division of the L5 vertebral body that is often associated with sciatica C. The spinous processes of all of the presacral vertebral column being bifid D. An asymptomatic bifurcation of the cauda equine E. A developmental defect of one more lumbar vertebral arches that may be associated with limb paralysis and deficiencies in bowel/bladder control

E. A developmental defect of one more lumbar vertebral arches that may be associated with limb paralysis and deficiencies in bowel/bladder control

Which of the following is incorrect pertaining to the femoral canal? A. its abdominal opening is termed the femoral ring B. It usually transmits a femoral hernia. C. It is bounded anteriorly by the inguinal ligament. D. It contains lymph vessels. E. It is the passageway by which the external iliac vessels enter the thigh.

E. It is the passageway by which the external iliac vessels enter the thigh.

Which of the following is incorrect pertaining to the perineal body? A. It is an attachment site for both the superficial and deep transverse perineal muscles. B. It is an attachment site for the external anal sphincter. C. It blends anteriorly with the perineal membrane. D. Stretching or tearing during parturition is associated with prolapse of pelvic viscera. E. It lies anterior to the vestibule in females.

E. It lies anterior to the vestibule in females.

What is the clinical significance of a superficial ulnar artery? A. It often compresses the median nerve in the arm, producing paresthesia and muscle weakness B. Its caliber is typically smaller than the normal ulnar artery and, under compromising situations, may be unable to provide sufficient blood to the hand C. It accompanies the median nerve in the forearm and passes deep to the flexor retinaculum, resulting in hand ischemia in any patient suffering from carpal tunnel syndrome D. It is often pinched during elbow flexion, producing mild ischemia in the forearm muscles E. Its superficial course in the cubital fossa results in it being mistakenly used for venipuncture

E. Its superficial course in the cubital fossa results in it being mistakenly used for venipuncture

Which of the following is correct pertaining to the longitudinal ligaments of the vertebral column? A. The anterior limits hyperflexion whereas the posterior limits hyperextension B. Both tend to limit hyperextension C. Both tend to limit hyperflexion D. Both limit lateral flexion E. The anterior limits hyperextension whereas the posterior limits hyperflexion

E. The anterior limits hyperextension whereas the posterior limits hyperflexion

Which of the following is incorrect pertaining to the surface anatomy of the lungs? A. Typically, the right lung has three lobes, and the left lung has two B. The lingula extends into and out of the costodiaphragmatic recess during respiration C. The mediastinal surface of each lung is related to the heart and pericardium D. Vascular and nervous structures enter each lung at its hilum E. The apex of each lung is in contact with the diaphragm

E. The apex of each lung is in contact with the diaphragm

Genuvalgum and genuvarum refer to a knee that: A. can be displaced medially (because of a weak tibial collateral ligament) and laterally (because of a weak fibular collateral ligament), respectively. B. can be displaced posteriorly and anteriorly, respectively. C. can be hyper-rotated medially and laterally, respectively. D. can be hyperflexed and extended, respectively. E. has a large Q-angle (knock-knees) and a small Q-angle (bow-legged), respectively.

E. has a large Q-angle (knock-knees) and a small Q-angle (bow-legged), respectively.

The ureters: A. are intraperitoneal. B. are accompanied throughout their length by arteries and veins derived from the renal vessels. C. pass straight through the bladder wall (in a horizontal plane). D. cross anterior to the ductus deferens. E. have afferent fibers that typically refer pain to the lower abdomen, especially the inguinal region.

E. have afferent fibers that typically refer pain to the lower abdomen, especially the inguinal region.

An intramuscular injection into the buttocks is most safely done: A. into the inferolateral quadrant. B. centrally. C. into the inferomedial quadrant. D. into the superomedial quadrant. E. into the superolateral quadrant.

E. into the superolateral quadrant.

The anorectal flexure of the anal canal: A. is where the omental appendices cease. B. occurs at the level of S3. C. is within the rectovesical pouch. D. is maintained by the transverse rectal folds. E. is where the alimentary tract penetrates the pelvic diaphragm.

E. is where the alimentary tract penetrates the pelvic diaphragm.

A pregnant patient seeks your counsel pertaining to anesthesia during delivery. She is particularly interested in a caudal epidural block. You explain that this procedure: A. just minimizes the pain sensations that arise from the body and fundus of the uterus. B. just minimizes the pain associated with fibers traveling in the pudendal nerve. C. is typically not used for delivery, but rather for an episiotomy. D. eliminates all pain associated with labor and delivery. E. just minimizes the pain sensations that arise from the lower part of the birth canal (cervix and vagina) and the perineum.

E. just minimizes the pain sensations that arise from the lower part of the birth canal (cervix and vagina) and the perineum.

The part of the femur that is most susceptible to fracture in conjunction with osteoporosis is: A. along the intertrochanteric line. B. medial condyle. C. intercondylar area. D. mid-shaft. E. neck.

E. neck.

The female urethra: A. begins with a distinct sphincter in the bladder, the internal urethral sphincter. B. has cilia that very effectively prevent bacteria from entering the bladder. C. is more difficult to catheterize than the male urethra. D. has a distinct posterior ridge termed the urethral crest. E. opens into the vestibule of the vagina.

E. opens into the vestibule of the vagina.

Softening of the isthmus of the uterus (Hegar sign) is associated with: A. menopause. B. uterine cancer. C. menstruation. D. a prolapsed uterus. E. pregnancy

E. pregnancy

Which of the following associations is incorrect? A. rectovaginal fistula—discharge of fecal matter from the vagina B. digital examination of the vagina—ovarian cysts C. culdocentesis—drainage of a pelvic abscess via posterior vaginal fornix D. digital examination of the vagina—pulsations of uterine artery E. urethrovaginal fistula—continuous dribbling of urine from the vagina

E. urethrovaginal fistula—continuous dribbling of urine from the vagina

You examine a female patient with enlarged superficial inguinal lymph nodes. Upon further examination you cannot find any cutaneous or subcutaneous signs that would suggest an infection. Perplexed, you ask your colleague what else might cause this condition. She reminds you that these nodes also receive some lymph from the: A. vertebral column via posterior cluneal vessels. B. ovary via the suspensory ligament of the ovary. C. liver via the falciform ligament. D. bladder via vessels that accompany the urethra. E. uterus via the round ligament of the uterus.

E. uterus via the round ligament of the uterus.

Intrinsic foot muscles are responsible for movement of the ankle and foot. True False

False

The appendix is the first part of the large intestine. True False

False

The left lung is divided into three loves by horizontal and oblique fissures. True False

False

The oblique fissure is present only in the right lung. True False

False

The spleen is the largest internal organ and largest gland in the body. True False

False

The structure highlighted in the illustration below are the metatarsophalangeal joints of the foot. True False

False

The structure highlighted in the illustration below are the proximal phalanges of the foot. True False

False

The structure indicated by the arrow in the illustration below is a pulmonary vein. True False

False

The structure indicated by the arrow in the illustration below is the capitulum. True False

False

The structure indicated by the arrow in the illustration below is the fourth rib. True False

False

The structure indicated by the arrow in the illustration below is the glenoid fossa. True False

False

The structure indicated by the arrow in the illustration below is the left common carotid artery. True False

False

The structure indicated by the arrow in the illustration below is the manubrium of the sternum. True False

False

The structure indicated by the arrow in the illustration below is the pectoralis major muscle. True False

False

The structure indicated by the arrow in the illustration below is the prostate gland. True False

False

The structure indicated by the arrow in the illustration below is the pulmonary trunk. True False

False

The structure indicated by the arrow in the illustration below is the renal artery. True False

False

The structure indicated by the arrow in the illustration below is the splenic artery. True False

False

The structure indicated by the arrow in the illustration below is the teres minor muscle. True False

False

The structure indicated by the arrow in the picture below is the Ventral (Motor) root True False

False

The structure indicated by the arrow in this anterior veiw of the portal system in the illustration below is the portal vein. True False

False

The structure indicated by the dotted line in the illustration below is the greater curvature of the stomach. True False

False

The structure indicated by the dotted line in the illustration below is the left lobe of the liver. True False

False

The structure indicated by the dotted line in the illustration below is the round ligament. True False

False

The structure indicated by the dotted lines in the illustration below is the corpora spongiosa. True False

False

The structure indicated by the green color in the illustration below is the visceral pleura. True False

False

The structure indicated by the pointer in the illustration below is the gluteus medius muscle. True False

False

The structure indicated by the pointer in the illustration below is the lattisimus dorsi muscle. True False

False

The structure indicated by the pointer in the illustration below is the obturator externus msucle. True False

False

The structure indicated by the pointer in the illustration below is the rhomboideus minor muscle. True False

False

The structure indicated by the pointer in the illustration below is the teres major muscle. True False

False

The structures highlighted in the illustration below are the proximal interphalangeal joints of the foot. True False

False

The structures indicated by the arrows in the illustration below are the labia majora. True False

False

The structures indicated by the arrows in the illustrations below are the labia minora. True False

False

The term crural refers to the hip. True False

False

There are five pairs of false ribs. True False

False

Ventral and posterior are synonymous terms. True False

False

The structure indicated by the pointer in the illustration below is the adductor magnus muscle. True False

False, adductor longus muscle

The structure indicated by the pointer in the illustration below is the adductor brevis muscle. True False

False, adductor magnus muscle

The structures indicated by the arrows in the illustration below are the bulbocavernosus muscles of the male penis. True False

False, ischiocavernosus muscles of the male penis

The structure indicated by the arrow in the illustration below is the ampulla of the uterine tube. True False

False, it's the isthmus

The structure indicated by the pointer in the illustration below is the biceps femoris muscle. True False

False, quadratus femoris muscle

The structure indicated by the dotted line in the illustration below is the vaginal opening. True False

False, vestibule of the vagina

Deep veins lie internal to the deep fascia and usually occur as paired. True False

True

Eversion turns the sole of the foot outward. True False

True

Proximal and distal are opposite directional terms in humans. True False

True

The Achilles tendon is common to both the gastrocnemius and soleus. True False

True

The anterior and posterior cruciate ligaments add stability to the knee joint True False

True

The depth of the acetabulum gives stability to the hip joint. True False

True

The fibrocartilage pads between the articulating ends of bones may be called menisci. True False

True

The final efferent organ of the knee jerk reflex is the quadriceps femoris muscle. True False

True

The patella is the largest sesamoid bone in the body. True False

True

The soleus muscle is responsible for plantar flexion. True False

True

The splenic artery is the largest branch of the celiac trunk. True False

True

The structure highlighted in the illustration below are the proximal phalanges of the foot. True False

True

The structure in the illustration below is the erector spinae muscles True False

True

The structure indicated by the arrow in the illustration below is the abdominal aorta. True False

True

The structure indicated by the arrow in the illustration below is the ampulla of the uterine tube. True False

True

The structure indicated by the arrow in the illustration below is the cervix. True False

True

The structure indicated by the arrow in the illustration below is the coronary sinus. True False

True

The structure indicated by the arrow in the illustration below is the descending portion (descending colon) of the large intestine. True False

True

The structure indicated by the arrow in the illustration below is the ejaculatory duct. True False

True

The structure indicated by the arrow in the illustration below is the epididymis. True False

True

The structure indicated by the arrow in the illustration below is the fundus of the uterus. True False

True

The structure indicated by the arrow in the illustration below is the greater vestibular gland. True False

True

The structure indicated by the arrow in the illustration below is the infraspinous fossa. True False

True

The structure indicated by the arrow in the illustration below is the isthmus of the uterine tube. True False

True

The structure indicated by the arrow in the illustration below is the lower lobe of the right lung. True False

True

The structure indicated by the arrow in the illustration below is the membranous portion of the male urethra. True False

True

The structure indicated by the arrow in the illustration below is the metacarpal of first finger. True False

True

The structure indicated by the arrow in the illustration below is the oblique fissure of the left lung. True False

True

The structure indicated by the arrow in the illustration below is the pectoralis major muscle. True False

True

The structure indicated by the arrow in the illustration below is the pulmonary trunk. True False

True

The structure indicated by the arrow in the illustration below is the round ligament. True False

True

The structure indicated by the arrow in the illustration below is the superior mesenteric artery. True False

True

The structure indicated by the arrow in the illustration below is the transverse colon. True False

True

The structure indicated by the arrow in the illustration below is the transversospinalis muscles True False

True

The structure indicated by the arrow in the illustration below is the tunica vaginalis. True False

True

The structure indicated by the arrow in the illustration below received blood from the coronary sinus. True False

True

The structure indicated by the arrow in the picture below is the intervertebral disc True False

True

The structure indicated by the dotted line in the illustration below is the broad ligament. True False

True

The structure indicated by the dotted line in the illustration below is the pancreas. True False

True

The structure indicated by the dotted lines in the illustration below is the corpus spongiosum. True False

True

The structure indicated by the green highlighted in the illustration below is the Latissimus dorsi True False

True

The structure indicated by the green highlighted in the illustration below is the Trapezius True False

True

The structure indicated by the pointer in the illustration below is the biceps femoris muscle. True False

True

The structure indicated by the pointer in the illustration below is the gluteus medius muscle. True False

True

The structure indicated by the pointer in the illustration below is the gluteus minimus muscle. True False

True

The structure indicated by the pointer in the illustration below is the gracilis muscle. True False

True

The structure indicated by the pointer in the illustration below is the iliacus muscle. True False

True

The structure indicated by the pointer in the illustration below is the pectineus muscle. True False

True

The structure indicated by the pointer in the illustration below is the radial artery. True False

True

The structure indicated by the pointer in the illustration below is the semitendinosus muscle. True False

True

The structure indicated by the pointer in the illustration below is the superficial palmar arch. True False

True

The structure indicated in by the arrow in the illustration below is the seminal vesicle. True False

True

The structures highlighted in the illustration below are the middle phalanges of the foot. True False

True

The structures indicated by the arrows in the illustration below are the crura of the male penis. True False

True

There are as many thoracic vertebrae as there are pairs of ribs. True False

True