Anatomy Review: Joints
fat pads
What are pads of adipose tissue?
menisci
What are pads of fibrocartilage found where articulating surface share somewhat different shapes?
fibrous, cartilagenous, synovial
What are the 3 structural classifications of joints?
functional and stuctural
What are the two classification systems for joints?
dense regular connective tissue
What connective tissue makes up fibrous joints connecting joints?
bursae
What fibrous sacs are lined with synovial membrain and reduce friction near joints?
diaroses
What functional classification of joints include the knee, shoulder, and hip and is freely movable?
amphiarthroses
What functional classification of joints include the pubic symphysis and the ankle and is considered slightly movable?
synarthroses
What functional classification of joints includes the sutures of the skull, teeth sockets, and the epiphyseal plate and are immovable?
plane joints
What type of joint has flat, articular surfaces and are gliding?
no
Are cartilaginous joints highly moveable?
yes
Are synovial joints richly vascularized and innervated?
no
Do cartilaginous joints have a joint cavity?
no
Do fibrous joints have a cavity?
yes
Do synovial joints have a joint cavity lined with synovial membrane?
slightly
Is fibrous connective tissue movable?
more mobility; less stability
What is the relationship between stability and mobility?
ball and socket joint
What joint is multiaxial and includes the movements of flexion, extension, adduction, abduction, and rotation?
ligaments
What joint structure in joints functions to connects bones and is made of dense regular connective tissue?
gliding
What movement describes flat surfaces gliding?
flexion
What movement is described by a decrease in the angle of two bones?
extension
What movement is described by the increased angle of two bones?
fibrous
What structural classification of joints include the sutures in the skull, teeth sockets, and the tibiofibular joint?
synovial
What structurally categorized joints include the shoulder, hip, and knee?
synovial cavity
What structure in synovial joints functions to contain synovial fluid and is located in the space between bones?
synovial fluid
What structure in synovial joints is a viscous liquid made by filtered blood that cushions, lubricates, and nourishes chondrocytes in the articular cartilage?
joint capsule
What structure in synovial joints is located around the joint and has 2 layers including a superficial fibrous area of dense irregular connective tissue that is continuous with the perisosteum and the synovial membrane?
plane joints
What type of joint includes intercarpal joints , intertarsal joints, and vertebral articular surfaces?
saddle joint
What type of joint involves biaxial movement and include movements of abduction, adduction, flexion, and extension and includes the joint of the thumb?
condylar joints
What type of joint involves biaxial movement and the type of movements include flexion, extension, adduction, and abduction? These are located in the metacarpalphalangeal joints and wrist joints.
pivot joint
What type of joint involves rotation and uniaxial movement and include the proximal radioulnar joints?
hinge joints
What type of joint provides for flexion and extension; uniaxial movement?
hinge joints
What type of joints include elbows and interphalangeal joints?
cartilage
What type of material bind together cartilaginous joints?
cartilagenous
What type of structurally classified joints include the epiphyseal plates, intervertebral discs, pubic symphysis, and costal cartilage?
synovial
Which is the most movable joint that is categorized structurally?
synovial
Which structurally categorized joint are also all diathroses joints?
articular cartilage
Which structure in synovial joints are located and the end of long bones that functions to absorb compression and reduce friction?
synovial membrane
Which structure in synovial joints functions to secrete synovial fluid and consists of simple squamous or simple cuboidal epithelium and areolar CT?
