Anatomy Terminology Quiz (NurseHub)

In which region can the 'popliteal fossa' be found? A. Lower extremities B. Upper extremities C. Neck region D. Head region

A. Lower extremities Fossa, in anatomy, refers to a small dent or cavity in a bone. The popliteal region of the body refers to the back of the knee. Therefore, the popliteal fossa is a small cavity found at the back of the knee joint. It contains the popliteal vessels, the tibial nerve, and the common fibular nerve. Conversely, the cubital fossa (also called antecubital fossa) is the cavity located in front of the elbow joint. It contains the brachial, radial, and ulnar arteries, and the median and the radial nerves.

Which of the following lies anterior to the rib cage A. Stomach B. Small Intestine C. Lungs D. Breast

D. Breast The breasts are in front of the rib cage, so they are described as being anterior to the rib cage. The lungs are behind the rib cage, so they are described as being posterior to the rib cage. The stomach and small intestines are below the rib cage, so they are described as being inferior to the rib cage.

Which of the following terms refers to "behind or toward the back"? A. Anterior B. Superior C. Ventral D. Dorsal

D. Dorsal (also called posterior) means "back" or "closer to the back." In contrast, anterior means "front" or "closer to the front." Ventral is another anatomical term meaning "toward the front." Superior means "above."

Which of the following is the most medial? A. Spleen B. Lungs C. Right adrenal gland D. Heart

D. Heart The heart is closest to the midline. It is found in the mediastinum and is located in the middle of the thoracic cavity (behind the sternum and slightly to the left). The lungs are in the thoracic cavity along with the heart but are located lateral to the heart. The adrenal glands are located on the kidneys and are also called the suprarenal glands. They are lateral to the midline. The spleen is found in the upper left quadrant of the abdominal cavity and is lateral to the midline.

Which of the following refers to the term "distal"? A. Farther from the trunk or point of attachment B. Away from the midline C. Towards the midline D. Closer to the trunk or point of attachment

A. Farther from the trunk or point of attachment

The kidneys lie _____ to the spine. A. Lateral B. Medial C. Inferior D. Anterior

A. Lateral The kidneys lie away from the midline with respect to the spine. Therefore, they are lateral to the spine.

The tibia is _______ to the femur. A. Distal B. Lateral C. Medial D. Proximal

A. Distal The tibia (shin bone) is further away from the trunk than the femur (thigh bone), so it is distal to the femur.

Which of the following is found in the head region? A. Pituitary gland B. Adrenal gland C. Pancreas D. Prostate

A. Pituitary gland The pituitary gland is an endocrine gland found at the base of the brain. The pituitary gland is regarded as the 'master gland' because it regulates the activities of other glands like the thyroid gland and the adrenal gland. It also regulates the activities of sex organs. The adrenal glands are found on the kidneys in the abdomen. They produce cortisol, aldosterone, adrenaline, and small quantities of male sex hormones like testosterone. The pancreas is located in the abdomen. It produces digestive enzymes and insulin, so it functions both as an exocrine gland and an endocrine gland. The prostate is found in the pelvic region. It is a part of the male reproductive system. It produces fluids that combine with sperm cells from the testes and other fluids to form semen.

Which plane divides the body into left and right sides? A. Sagittal B. Frontal C. Coronal D. Transverse

A. Sagittal

Which of the following is incorrect regarding the 'anatomical position'? A. The person is standing upright, gazing at the feet which are planted flat, parallel, and facing forward B. The person is standing upright with the upper limbs at the sides, and thumbs pointing away from the body C. The person is standing upright with the feet planted flat, parallel, and facing forward D. The person is standing upright, facing the observer with the arms slightly away from the body and palms facing forward

A. The person is standing upright, gazing at the feet which are planted flat, parallel, and facing forward For universal purposes, the anatomical position is described as the person standing upright, facing the observer, gazing forward, with feet flat, parallel, and pointing forward. The upper limbs lie by the side with palms facing forwards and thumbs pointing away from the body. Note:Head, gaze, feet, and palms are directed forward while the thumbs point away from the body.

Which of the following is present in the thoracic cavity? A. Cerebellum B. Esophagus C. Gallbladder D. Kidneys

B. Esophagus The esophagus is a tube that connects the pharynx to the stomach. It descends through the neck, passes through the diaphragm, and ends at the stomach. The gallbladder is found in a fossa beneath the liver at the right hypochondriac region of the abdomen. It stores bile which helps in digesting fats. The kidneys are found in the abdominal cavity and are responsible for excretion. The cerebellum is found in the cranial cavity. It coordinates movement. The thoracic cavity is a compartment enclosed by the rib cage and the sternum. Beneath it is the diaphragm which separates it from the abdominal cavity. The thoracic cavity contains the pulmonary cavities (left and right) and the mediastinum. Pulmonary cavities contain the lungs and their coverings. The mediastinum contains the heart, great vessels, trachea, esophagus, and thymus.

Which of the following is not present in the abdominal cavity? A. Spleen B. Rectum C. Stomach D. Liver

B. Rectum The rectum is a chamber at the end of the large intestine toward the end of the digestive system. It is found in the pelvic cavity. The abdominal cavity is a large cavity between the thoracic cavity and the pelvic cavity. It contains the liver, gallbladder, spleen, kidneys, ureters, adrenal glands, pancreas, appendix, small and large intestines, and the stomach.

Which of the following best describes the location of the chest? A. Inferior to the vertebal column B. Superior to the vertebral column C. Anterior to the vertebral column D. Posterior to the vertebral column

C. Anterior to the vertebral column The chest is in front of the vertebral column (the spine), so we would say "the chest is anterior to the vertebral column."

Which of the following is the most proximal bone of the upper limb? A. Radius B. Carpus C. Humerus D. Ulna

C. Humerus The humerus (the upper arm bone) is the closest part to the point of attachment of the upper limb (i.e. closest to the trunk). Compared to the humerus, the radius (one of the bones of the forearm), ulna (another bone of the forearm), and the carpus (wrist) are away from the trunk.

Which cavity contains the ovaries? A. Thoracic cavity B. Abdominal cavity C. Pelvic cavity D. Dorsal cavity

C. Pelvic cavity The pelvic cavity contains the bladder, urethra, rectum, and genital organs. In females, this includes ovaries, fallopian tubes, the uterus, cervix, and the vagina. The pelvic cavity is enclosed by the hip bones, i.e. ilium, ischium and pubis, and sacrum and coccyx. The hip bones join in the front by the pubis symphysis. The thoracic cavity contains the trachea, bronchi, lungs, heart, aorta, superior and inferior vena cavae, pulmonary arteries and veins, thymus, and the thoracic duct. The abdominal cavity contains the liver, gallbladder, spleen, kidneys, ureters, adrenal glands, pancreas, small and large intestines, and the stomach. The dorsal cavity contains the brain and the spinal cord.

Which of the following suggests a location towards the head? A. Posterior B. Inferior C. Superior D. Caudal

C. Superior means "above" or "closer to the head." Inferior means "lower" or "further from the head." Caudal also means "lower" or "further from the head." Posterior means "behind."

Which of the following means the same thing as anterior? A. Caudal B. Superior C. Ventral. D. Inferior

C. Ventral (also called anterior) refers to the" front" or "being closer to the front." Posterior (also called dorsal) refers to the "back" or "closer to the back." Inferior ( also called caudal) refers to "below." Superior (also called cranial) refers to "above."

Which of the following is not found in the neck? A. Larynx B. Trachea C. Thyroid gland D. Hypothalamus

D. Hypothalamus The hypothalamus is located in the head region. It is a small portion of the brain that regulates homeostasis. It also regulates several physiological functions such as temperature, appetite, body water, appetite, and activities of the pituitary gland. The larynx is the voice box. It connects the pharynx to the trachea. During swallowing, the opening to the larynx is closed to prevent the contents of the pharynx from going into the lungs. The trachea connects the larynx to the bronchi. It helps transport air to and from the lungs. The thyroid gland is an endocrine gland that produces the thyroid hormone that regulates metabolic rates of the body cells.

The lungs are ______ to the diaphragm. A. Inferior B. Anterior C. Proximal D. Superior

D. Superior The diaphragm is a muscle that separates the thoracic and abdominal cavities. The lungs sit on the diaphragm, so they are superior to the diaphragm.

Which parts are produced when the body is cut through the transverse plane? A. Left and Right B. Ventral and Dorsal C. Anterior and Posterior D. Superior and Inferior

D. Superior and Inferior