Anatomy/Physiology Chapter 4: Types of Tissue/ Cell Junction

What are gap junctions?

membrane proteins called connexins form tiny fluid-filled tunnels called connexons that connect neighboring cells

Which types of cell junctions are found in epithelial tissue?

tight junctions, adherns junctions,

Which junction is a dense layer of proteins on the inside of the plasma membrane that attaches both to membrane proteins and to microfilaments of the cytoskeleton?

Adherens junctions

Which tissue protects and supports the body and its organs?

Connective tissue. Various types of connective tissues bind organs together, store energy reserves as fat, and help provide the body with immunity to disease-causing organisms.

What are some key differences in function among the four tissue types?

Epithelial tissue covers the body, lines various structures, and forms glands. Connective tissue protects, supports, binds organs together, stores energy, and helps provide immunity. Muscular tissue contracts and generates force and heat. Nervous tissue detects changes in the environment and generates nerve impulses that activate muscular contraction and glandular secretion.

What are the four basic types of tissues that make up the human body?

Epithelial tissue, Connective tissue, Muscular tissue, and Nervous tissue.

Which tissue covers body surfaces and lines hollow organs, body cavities, and ducts; it also forms glands?

Epithelial tissue. This tissue allows the body to interact with both its internal and external environments.

Which junction resemble desmosomes, but they do not link adjacent cells?

Hemidesmosome. However, the transmembrane glycoproteins in hemidesmosomes are integrins rather than cadherins.

Which 3 tissue cells contain the most cell junctions?

Most epithelial cells and some muscle and nerve cells contain cell junctions

Which tissue is composed of cells specialized for contraction and generation of force?

Muscular tissue. In the process, muscular tissue generates heat that warms the body.

What are cell junctions?

are contact points between the plasma membranes of tissue cells

What are tight junctions?

consist of weblike strands of transmembrane proteins that fuse together the outer surfaces of adjacent plasma membranes to seal off passageways between adjacent cells

What are desmosomes?

contain plaque and have transmembrane glycoproteins (cadherins) that extend into the intercellular space between adjacent cell membranes and attach cells to one another

What does Nervous tissue do?

detects changes in a variety of conditions inside and outside the body and responds by generating electrical signals called nerve action potentials (nerve impulses) that activate muscular contractions and glandular secretions.

Which type of cell junction prevents the contents of organs from leaking into surrounding tissues?

tight junctions

What are the five most important types of cell junctions?

tight junctions, adherens junctions, desmosomes, hemidesmosomes, and gap junctions