Animal Farm Test Chapters 6 - 10
What "strange incident" happens?
A strange incident happened during the night, and a loud sound occured. When the animals went to check it out, the dogs circled around Squealer, who had a paintbrush and white paint with him. The dogs and Squealer hurriedly run away, meanwhile there's a broken ladder. This means that Squealer was changing the commandments.
What is Snowball supposedly doing at night? Who investigates and what findings are announced? What is the true purpose of this?
According to the animals at the farm, Snowball was supposedly visiting the farm every night, which made the animals extremely terrified. In fact, the animals were so scared that they could barely sleep, and there were rumours emphasizing that Snowball did all types of bad things, such as stealing the corn, breaking the eggs, biting the barks off the fruit trees, etc. All of the bad things that happened on the farm were blamed on Snowball, and the cows even stated that Snowball milked them at night. Napoleon and his dogs decided to "investigate" Snowball's bad activities, and they surrounded the farm buildings, attempting to find evidence that Snowball was indeed there. Napoleon often stopped every few steps, since he said that he could sniff out all of "Snowball's traces" and smells. Because of this, all of the animals were scared that Snowball was actually some kind of "invisible influence." The true purpose of this is for Napoleon to prove to the animals that Snowball was on the opposing side of their farm, meaning that he was a clear enemy.
Who attacks Animal Farm? Who is really victorious? Explain.
After selling the timber to Frederick, Frederick attacked Animal Farm, which forced Napoleon to pronounce the death sentence of Frederick. Frederick came with 15 different men, who all had guns. They open-fired across the farm, killing many animals along the way; there were explosions and pellet bullets everywhere. The men also bombed the windmill, with the intentions to wipe it out of existence. All of the animals finally got their confidence back, causing all of them to retaliate. The men were finally driven off the Animal Farm, but by the time that they left, Boxer and the remaining animals were all incredibly injured, since they were all bleeding of pellet bullets. Squealer, after the war, was extremely victorious because the animals had "won" the war, even though the windmill was destroyed and many animals died as well.
What happens to Boxer?
After that, Boxer's lung bursts when he's doing work, and the pigs try to find pink medicine for Boxer to have. The pink medicine could be anything, and none of these things will cure Boxer. When the pigs realize that they will have to pay more for their best worker, the pigs decide to send him to the "hospital." The pigs send Boxer away when the animals are working, since they don't want the animals to worry about the words on the side of the van. Benjamin suddenly gets excited for the first time, and he tells all of the animals to come and watch Boxer get carried away. However, Benjamin started calling them "fools, fool" because it said "horse slaughterer" on the side of the van. Benjamin is finally speaking up when his best friend gets taken away. He only speaks up when something affects him. Benjamin represents the bystanders who accepted Stalin's way, even though they knew it was wrong. By the time that Benjamin wanted to speak up, it was too late. Boxer's trying to kick his way out of the van, but he's too weak, so he's never seen again.
How many commandments are remaining by the end of Chapter 10?
After that, the Commandments were changed to only one commandment, stating that "All animals are equal, but some animals are more equal than others." This contradicts its own commandment because being equal is just being equal. No one can be more "equal" than others. So, this commandment is basically emphasizing that the lower-class animals are not equal to the higher-class animals. For example, people can't be sort-of pregnant. People are either pregnant or you're not.
Describe Clover's thoughts and feelings after the trial.
After the "trial," Clover felt very depressed, due to the fact that nothing was going according to plan, especially the slaughtering of animals. Clover had a very different perspective as to what would've happened if Old Major was still alive; all of the animals would be free, and they would all be equal. Instead, Napoleon took over the farm, which caused chaos to erupt everywhere. First, there were dogs roaming everywhere around the farm, and all of the animals had to confess all of their crimes, which resulted in a massacre. Clover eventually accepted the leadership of Napoleon, meaning that she probably gave up trying to live a good life.
To whom is Napoleon first going to sell the timber? To whom does he end up selling? What is the result of the sale for Animal Farm? What is the event in history to which this alludes?
At first, Napoleon wanted to sell the timber to Mr. Pilkington, since there were going to be exchanges of products between Animal Farm and Foxwood. However, the only communication that was going on between the two farms was Mr. Whymper, who was liked by the animals. Mr. Pilkington, on the other hand, was deeply hated by the animals, while Frederick was the most hated and feared person out of everyone. Instead, the timber was actually going to be sold to Frederick, who had been making secret agreements with Napoleon the whole time. Frederick's wagon would carry away the timber, and all of the arrangements with Foxwood had been canceled. In fact, the pigeons were told by Napoleon to send hateful messages and rumours to Mr. Pilkington. As a result of the sales, Napoleon forced Frederick to raise his price by twelve pounds, even though he did not trust anybody. Frederick wanted actual five-pound notes, so when he received them, he had enough money to pay for the machinery at the windmill. This alludes to the event where Adolf Hitler and Joseph Stalin made a pact with each other in 1939.
Explain the strange incident that occurs and how the Fifth Commandment changes.
At last, a strange incident suddenly occurred at night, when there was a "loud crash" in the yard, which made all of the animals curious. When the animals finally reached the yard, they saw a broken ladder, along with Squealer holding a paintbrush and white paint. The dogs made a sound that alerted Squealer, and Squealer and the dogs retreated back to the farmhouse. A few days later, Muriel was reading over the Seven Commandments, when she saw that the Fifth Commandment had changed. The Fifth Commandment changed from "No Animal Shall Drink Alcohol" to "No Animal Shall Drink Alcohol To Excess," which meant that Squealer changed the Fifth Commandment at night; Benjamin knew this all along.
What is now forbidden by Napoleon? What is the explanation given? What is the real reason?
At the end of Chapter 7, Napoleon abolished the "Beasts of England" from ever being sung again, making it a permanently banned song. Squealer emphasized that it was the song of the Rebellion, which meant that it had no purpose anymore, since the Rebellion was already over. However, the real reason why Napoleon banned this song was because he didn't want another revolution to happen. The whole purpose of the "Beasts of England" was to motivate the animals to have an uprising, but since the Revolution was over, it was unnecessary for the animals to be motivated to fight again, especially if they want to rebel against Napoleon in the future. The "Beasts of England" also reminded the animals of Old Major, who was the creator of this song. Old Major had a much more different type of system than Napoleon.
Why does Boxer blame himself for the public executions?
Boxer blames himself for the public executions because the working class trusted in Stalin, so if things weren't going right, they would do whatever it takes to do what's right. Nothing was blamed on Stalin, since everyone believed in him so much. Clover, after the public executions, started singing the "Beasts of England," after admitting that she did not like Napoleon's ruling. Some of the working class knew that Stalin's ruling was not working well, so they wanted to rebel in their minds, even though they also liked Stalin at the same time.
By blaming who he does regarding the windmill, what has Napoleon created for the animals? How is that beneficial for him in terms of gaining and remaining in power?
By blaming Snowball for "destroying" the windmill, Napoleon has given the animals a new kind of mindset, where the animals are allowed to kill each other if it means it's under Napoleon's control. Napoleon is completely changing all of the rules, which is why he represents a dictator. This is beneficial for him in terms of gaining and remaining in power because with Squealer, Boxer, and the dogs on his side, most of the other animals will be willing to listen to him. As a result, Napoleon is giving everyone a reason to believe him (bandwagon). Blaming Snowball is just plainly wrong, since Napoleon was the animal making the windmill plans. This is helpful to Napoleon because nothing will ever be his fault, meaning that he will blame Snowball on everything. If things were Napoleon's fault, then no one would follow him. Also, if Boxer is wrong, then something's actually wrong.
What happens to the windmill and on whom is it blamed? What/Who is really to blame?
During a violent storm, the windmill's flagstaff breaks off, causing most of the animals to be dejected; the windmill was completely ruined. However, when Napoleon sees the windmill "in ruins," he decides to blame it on Snowball. Napoleon emphasizes that whoever finds Snowball alive gets "a full bushel of apples." What the animals don't realize is that the storm was actually the real reason why the windmill broke into pieces. During a storm, the windmill broke, and Napoleon came out, sniffing everywhere. Napoleon then says to the animals, "Where did the footprints come from?" The animals buy it, and Napoleon then blames it on Snowball. Napoleon wants to create a common enemy, and in this case, Snowball is their common enemy. The walls were too thin in the windmill and that's why the windmill broke, but the animals disagreed. This shows that the animals have their doubts, and that the animals believe everything that the pigs say. The pigs are super manipulative, and they're "above" the people.
Explain the meeting between the pigs and the other countries:
During the dinner party, all of the nations came together, representing the forming of the UN. Mr. Pilkington represents a country that has democracy to a degree, since he is complimenting Napoleon. This shows that leaders will eventually abuse their workers. Napoleon and Mr. Pilkington both give each toast, and the Animal Farm is going to get changed back to "Manor Farm." All countries will go back to what they started. The animals will not call each other "Comrade" anymore, and the flag will not have a "hoof" or "horn" anymore; it will just be a blank, green flag. Lastly, there's a final fight where Napoleon and Mr. Pilkington both pull the Ace of Spades, meaning that someone in there cheated. All leaders cheat, so the author is trying to emphasize that Napoleon bends the rules and cheats. This is like the final transformation, since the readers have already seen the pigs doing it countless times: don't work alongside the farm animals, smoke, gamble, trading, drinking, becoming more human-like. The fight over the Ace of Spades represents the Cold War, where there's mistrust between the Soviet Union and the United States. All leaders do whatever it takes to remain their power, abuse their workers, etc.
Describe the "trial," including the sentences. Which animals are found guilty and why? Why are all animals called to watch?
During the trial, many animals were found guilty, causing them to be murdered. The first animals that were found guilty were the four pigs, who confessed to contacting Snowball after he had been exiled from the farm. The pigs also confirmed that Snowball had told them that he was Jones's secret agent for years, which made the dogs tear their throats out. Then, three other hens were slaughtered after confessing to Napoleon that they had dreams about disobeying his orders. There were plenty of other animals that were killed during the "trial," and all of these animals were called to watch because Napoleon wanted to set another example as to what would happen if an animal disobeyed him ever again.
According to Squealer, what has happened to food production? What type of propaganda is this?
Every Sunday morning, Squealer would read "lists of figures" that stated the increased production of food, which was in terms of cents. The animals all believed that Squealer was telling the truth, since they could barely remember the terrible conditions under Jones. This type of propaganda is facts and figures, where someone states the statistics of something.
What does Frederick do to the Animal Farm?
However, Frederick attacked the Animal Farm, which represents how Hitler betrayed the Soviet Union during World War II. This is the Battle of the Stalingrad, where the Soviet Union soldiers are unprepared to fight. Because of this, Germany exploded the windmills, and Squealer emphasizes that they won. Boxer is confused by this, since he is bleeding and has a split hoof and such. So, no one really won in the Battle of the Stalingrad. Napoleon and Squealer tried to make it seem that they won, in order to gain the animals' trust and honor again.
What rumors are spreading among humans about Animal Farm? Explain how Napoleon uses Mr. Whymper to stop these rumors and why it is so essential to do so.
In the beginning of Chapter 7, there were rumours surrounding the fact that the animals at Animal Farm were beginning to die of diseases and starvation, which really caused Napoleon to get worried. If these rumours were proved to be true, then the humans from the other farms would have the advantage of being more fit to fight, which would be the fall of the Animal Farm. Napoleon uses Mr. Whymper to stop these rumours by giving him a good impression of the farm; every week when Mr. Whymper visited the farm, the sheep were assigned to mention about the rations increasing. Napoleon also filled the empty food bins with lots of sand, which was then covered up with food and rations. This shows the other farms that they don't have a food shortage. The potatoes began rotting, showing how bad Napoleon's leadership was. Many things were not going along with the plans. This represents how the economy fell when Stalin was the ruler of the Soviet Union. Napoleon doesn't want others to know that they are starving because the other farms would eventually attack them, so Napoleon makes a plan to talk loud about "how much food" they have, while also having full barrels.
Explain the beginning of Chapter 9:
In the beginning of Chapter 9, there was some foreshadowing between Clover and Boxer, since Clover and Benjamin are telling Boxer that he's working too hard. However, Boxer doesn't listen because he wants to work even harder. No animals have retired so far, and there's supposed to be an age limit to when animals retire.
Who are the new piglets?
Later, there are 31 piglets who come into the story, and they're Napoleon's piglets because Napoleon is the only male boar, which means that these kids are his. The new school is reserved for the rich and elite, and it's only for the piglets. Educated families stay in power through generations because it's easier for them. They have more options and better-paying jobs in life. It's generally the smart who are positioned to be in power.
Who is Mr. Whymper and who deals with him? Why are the animals uneasy about this? Who calms them and how?
Mr. Whymper is a human who visits the farm every Monday to get instructions from Napoleon, and he is basically the intermediary of "Animal Farm and the outside world." He's also the broker of the Animal Farm, and he gets some of the commissions. However, the animals are uneasy about this situation because they're not comfortable with a human coming to the Farm. Because of this, Squealer eventually changes their minds by emphasizing to the animals that trading and using money was not a violation of Animalism. After that, Squealer said that Snowball lied about animals not allowing them to do business with humans. As a result, all of the animals began to calm down. Napoleon begins trading with the neighboring farms, and Napoleon wants to trade the chickens' eggs. The chickens are not okay with this because Napoleon is basically selling their children. The other animals remember that it's not okay to do this, so they do not bother trading with other humans. In order to calm the animals down, Squealer tells the animals that it was "pure imagination" to think that the rules were broken. Most of the animals are uneducated, so Squealer is using their lack of education against them. The animals believe everything that Squealer says because Squealer is the only educated animal next to them.
How are the pigs becoming human-like?
Napoleon also starts smoking a pipe, wear Mr. Jones's clothes, start receiving magazines and radios, have dinner parties, etc. This represents power corrupts because if someone is the only one with power, then power corrupts him/her. Every time someone has absolute power over people, corruption is always going to occur. So, the animals will just be another version of the people that they tried to replace.
Give specific examples of how Napoleon bends the rules and commandments of Animal Farm to benefit himself. How is he able to do so?
Napoleon bends the rules and commandments of Animal Farm to benefit himself by giving the pigs the permission to move into the farmhouse for a "quiet" workspace, sleeping in beds, drinking alcohol, eating in the kitchen, living in a house, having the ability to kill other animals, etc. Napoleon does this by letting Squealer persuade the others that the pigs were the "brains" of the farm, meaning that they should have a quieter place to work in; he emphasized that it was "necessary" for the pigs to do so. Napoleon was also the "leader" of the farm, so he should live in a house rather than a sty. Boxer also supported the pigs' choices by saying, "Napoleon is always right!" Napoleon is named "Leader," and Muriel discovers that the Seven Commandments were changed into, "Animals can sleep in beds." The pigs bend the rules/laws for their advantage and deceive their people. Squealer uses something called "Semantics" to make a loophole around the animals. Squealer is telling the animals that they are actually "all in beds," so the animals let the pigs get away with it. Squealer also emphasizes that the pigs need the rest in order to do better.
Why did Napoleon do public executions?
Napoleon did public executions because he wanted to show the animals that if they ever decided to go up against him, this is what would happen to them. Napoleon was setting an example for the other animals. The first animals were the first four porkers, then the hens who retaliated. After that, many animals confessed to things that they didn't do, which was what Stalin did. Stalin threatened people to confess things that they didn't do by threatening to kill their families and other things.
Give examples of Napoleon's cult of personality:
Napoleon gives himself the medals, and he also stays inside the farmhouse, where there were many dogs surrounding the place, guarding him; the dogs bark at anyone who comes close to the farmhouse.This builds up Napoleon's reputation because it makes it seem like he's above everyone else. So, Napoleon only comes out whenever he wants to, heightening the view of him.
Why does Napoleon have public executions?
Napoleon has public executions in front of the animals because in order to be the "Leader," everyone would have to see what happens if someone messes with the leader. The first animals to come out were the four pigs, and they complained as always. The dogs dragged them by the ears, and the dogs went crazy and bloodlust. The KGB got incredibly cruel.
How does Napoleon propose to get grain? How do the hens react and how does Napoleon respond? What is the end result? Explain the significance of this event.
Napoleon proposes to get grain by selling the eggs of the hens, causing the hens to later rebel against him. The hens are very angry at Napoleon for doing this type of action, so the hens decide to anger Napoleon back by throwing all of their eggs and breaking them. As a result of this, Napoleon becomes furious, and he ends up starving all of the hens, forcing nine of the hens to die from starvation. This was the first time that there was a rebellion, so Napoleon had to make an example of them by punishing them in a harsh way. However, after the nine hens died, Napoleon emphasized to everyone that the hens died from a type of disease.
What is the outcome of the rebellion?
Napoleon starved the hens, and nine hens died in the meantime. Napoleon gave an excuse, emphasizing that the hens died because of a disease. The hens decided to agree to Napoleon's deal, so this represents the alliance of World War II, where some people gave their alliance to help the others.
Why does Napoleon work with Soviet Union?
Napoleon works with the Soviet Union, and this is important to the Soviet Union because the Soviet Union has a lot of people, meaning that there's a lot of people willing to fight for them. The Soviet Union is also pretty powerful, so it's strategic to get on their good side.
What happens when the dogs taste blood?
Once the dogs tasted the pigs' blood, they attacked Boxer, and Boxer pins down the dog, almost killing him. The working class could've easily fought back against the KGB, but they put their full trust in Stalin, allowing the KGB to do whatever they wanted.
Which original members remain in Chapter 10?
Only the original members remain: Clover, Benjamin, Moses, and a number of pigs. All of the other original animals were either dead or forgotten about. The new animals of the Animal Farm are very stupid, and they're the servants of Napoleon. Stalin took over a lot of places, such as Eastern Asia, a part of Germany, etc.
Why is it smart of Napoleon to emphasize to the animals that Snowball is at the farm?
Snowball isn't actually coming to the Animal Farm at night, and it's smart of Napoleon to tell the animals that Snowball was on the farm because protecting the animals is a reason to break the laws. The animals look to a leader to have a "pillar of strength," so it allows Napoleon to do public executions and such.
Give three examples of Napoleon creating a cult of personality in chapter 8.
Some examples of when Napoleon was creating a cult of personality in Chapter 8 were when the animals started calling Napoleon "our Leader," Squealer tearing up whenever he would talk about Napoleon, Napoleon getting all of the credit to the accomplishments on the farm, animals making specific poems dedicated to Napoleon, animals praising Napoleon for making them have a good day, etc.
What does Squealer say to the others about Boxer's death?
Squealer later emphasizes that he was next to Boxer when he died in order to make the animals work harder. Squealer also states that Boxer's last words were "Napoleon is always right" and "I will work harder" in order to motivate them into working more. There's a banquet held for Boxer, and the pigs get whisky. The pigs get whisky from Boxer's death, and this shows that Stalin always found a way to get rid of the people that were of no use to them. He never rewarded his loyal workers, but they never got anything in return. The dogs are not propaganda; they represent fear of bodily harm.
What important thing is later banned?
Squealer later tells the animals that Napoleon banned the "Beasts of England" because the rebellion was over, meaning that it had no purpose again. "Beasts of England" will make the animals have a rebelling mindset, and Napoleon doesn't want that because the animals might then rebel against him.
How do the pigs reinvent history?
Squealer reinvent history countless times in Chapter 8, and he emphasized to everyone that Snowball did nothing during the War of Cowshed, whereas Napoleon saved the day by biting Jones in the leg, making him run away. This makes it so the animals think that Napoleon is brave or going to protect them as always. Snowball, on the other hand, was thought to have planned everything during the War of Cowshed.
Why is Squealer's facts and figures effective?
Squealer's fact and figure is effective because it overrules their feelings, which is not factual at all. Napoleon is also using a cult of personality by naming the windmill after himself, and by giving himself many different titles. Napoleon also announces his own arrival by playing music and issues the orders through the pigs. It makes it seem special for Napoleon to come out. Later, there are portraits and poems of Napoleon, which just shows how special Napoleon thinks he is. The poem is placed next to the Seven Commandments, making it equal to the Seven Commandments.
Is Animal Farm a "Republic?"
The Animal Farm was also declared to be a "Republic," even though it wasn't. In order to retain power, Napoleon runs for President, and there's no one running against him. Moses the Raven returns to the Animal Farm, and the pigs are glad because religion makes them feel good, so they give Moses wine. This makes them feel good about labour because they die in a good way.
How has the Sixth Commandment been changed?
The Sixth Commandment changed from "No animal shall kill any other animal" to "No animal shall kill any other animal without cause." So, Squealer and Napoleon changed the commandments in order to fulfill their own needs; they wanted to make sure that the other animals had "forgotten" about the events of the past because it would be easier to deceive them.
Is the Spontaneous Demonstration spontaneous?
The Spontaneous Demonstration isn't even spontaneous, since the pigs tell the animals when to arrive. The pigs are telling the animals that these military marches are "spontaneous" because it's basically a tribute to Napoleon. The sheep represented the masses of people, and they loved marching in a group because they got to forget their troubles for a while.
Is the Sunday work REALLY voluntary? Explain.
The Sunday work is said to be "voluntary" by the pigs, but in reality, it's just forcing the animals to do more work. In other words, if the animals don't do the Sunday work, then Napoleon will reduce half of their rations, meaning that many of the animals will have to work for their food. The animals work like slaves, but they still appreciate the work since they believe in the propaganda by Squealer and Napoleon. The work on Sunday isn't really voluntary because the animals have to work, or else they would eventually starve to death. If they don't do it, they get punished. They're being tricked with a word that sounds good ("voluntary").
What is the allegorical significance of the pile of timber that both Mr. Pilkington and Mr. Frederick want from Animal Farm?
The allegorical significance of the pile of timber that both Mr. Pilkington and Mr. Frederick want from Animal Farm represents the alliance between the countries at World War II, where some countries gave parts of their supplies/unions to their allies.
Why do the animals believe that life is better with Napoleon than Jones?
The animals believe that life is so much better with Napoleon than Jones because they don't have a good memory, meaning that they can't remember what it was like with Jones. As a result of this, Squealer emphasizes to the animals that they used to be "slaves" when they worked for Jones, meanwhile they're "free" right now. This is false.
Why do the animals find in the cellular of the farmhouse?
The animals later find whiskey in the cellular of the farmhouse, and Napoleon runs around the house, due to the fact that he was drunk. The next morning, Squealer announces to the animals that Napoleon was dying, so Napoleon has a hangover. In the morning, anyone who drank "alcohol would be punished to death." However, in the evening, Napoleon felt better.
Why do the animals not give up hope?
The animals never give up hope and honor because they still believe in Animalism, and they still believe that they were the only farm that was operated by animals. They believed that Napoleon was one of them. One day, Squealer tells a sheep to follow him; the sheep then comes out of the woods and stands on two legs. So, Squealer taught the sheep that two legs were good. Napoleon carries a whip in his trotter. Just when the animals were about to protest, the sheep started chanting.
How does Commandment #6 change?
The commandment later changes to "No Animal Shall Kill Without Cause," meaning that Napoleon is changing the commandments in order to fit his own needs. Because of this, the animals still believed in him.
How does life for the animals compare to the life that they led under Farmer Jones? Does this register with the animals? Why or why not?
The lives for the animals are mostly the same as the lives led under Farmer Jones, except the animals are accepting that they are working hard for a good cause; the animals believe everything about Napoleon, since he is a wise animal, so they are siding with him. However, like the novel describes in the beginning of Chapter 6, the animals are still working like "slaves," and they're still going to be fed less if they refuse to work. This is basically what Farmer Jones did, but the animals actually accept Napoleon as their leader this time because he's not a human. On the other hand, this registers with the animals because they believe that they are working for a good cause under Napoleon, whereas they were working for a bad cause under Farmer Jones. As a result of this, the animals believe everything that the pigs tell them, even if it's incredibly absurd.
What is the major issue in building the windmill?
The major issue in building the windmill is that the animals have most of the materials ready to go, but they can't seem to find a way to break the stones into suitable pieces with physical force (picks and crowbars). So, as a result, the problem is solved when the animals use gravity to break the stones apart. The boulders, near the quarry, were also very heavy for "cows, horses, sheep," and the other animals to drag. However, when the animals reached the top, they simply let go of the boulders, causing them to fall down and break. Then, the horses would carry those pieces in "cart-loads," meanwhile the sheep would drag one piece at a time. By Summer, most of the pieces had already been collected. Boxer was described by the animals as someone "whose strength seemed equal to that of all the rest of animals put together." The problem with the windmill was that the animals had trouble breaking the rocks, due to the fact that the animals can't stand on their legs and use pickaxes to break them. Generally, the animals have to get the rocks from the pits, drag the rocks up the pits, and drop it along the way. That takes up a lot of time, and Boxer works the hardest. Clover, on the other hand, tells Boxer to not overwork, but Boxer doesn't listen. Boxer responds by saying, "I will work harder," and "Napoleon is always right." The working class believed everything that Stalin said, even if it was hurting themselves. They did that because they believed in the work that they put in, so they were willing to work for Stalin. Dog biscuits are described as "essential," and they're important because Napoleon needs them to train his dogs (KBG).
What does the "timber-trade" represent?
The timber represents an alliance in World War II where both of the countries wanted the Soviet Union on their side: a lot of people, a lot of materials, etc. So, the Soviet Union was useful, making both of them want to sign a treaty with the Soviet Union.
What is the windmill used for now?
The windmill is not used for energy anymore, and instead, they're used for grinding meat and milling corn. Napoleon sold the windmill in order to gain more money, so this supported him. Napoleon emphasizes that he's not happy with the windmill, even though he didn't work on it at all. The pigs used to state that humans did not contribute to anything; now, the pigs and the dogs are the ones who don't contribute to anything.
What more clues suggest that Frederick is Hitler?
There are more clues that Frederick is Hitler because he is overall a violent person, since he burns animals into a furnace and slaughters animals on purpose. Napoleon decides to finally sell timber to Frederick, which represents the Non-Aggression Pact.
What happens to the hens?
There was also a hen rebellion, and Napoleon responds to this situation in a harsh way. This is the first time that there was a rebellion, so Napoleon makes an example out of them. The hens stated that "if they could not have them, then no one can." This represents the Culottes, where half of their livestocks were taken away. They poisoned the cattles, so they were reusable. Later, the Culottes were shot and assassinated.
What glittering generality is used later on?
There's also an example of glittering generality when the pigs use the word "readjustment" instead of "reduction," due to the fact that it sounds better. It's broader, meaning that it doesn't sound as bad. The animals clearly have less food, but Squealer still tries to make it seem that they have a lot more food than before.
How are the piglets a way for Napoleon to stay in power?
This is a way for Napoleon to stay in power because his lineage is always going to be in power as well. The piglets get extra food, and they get to wear green ribbons on Sundays. When the piglets meet other animals on the farm, the animals must move out of the way in order for them to pass through. The piglets are also not allowed to play with the other animals. This is creating an upper-class, and it's coming back from when Mollie used to be in the higher-class. The pigs also receive a lot of beer, even for the piglets.
Give two examples of "reinventing history" which occur in chapter 7.
Two examples of "reinventing history" that occurred in Chapter 7 was when Squealer announced to all of the animals that Snowball was actually in alliance with Jones from the start, which made Boxer and the other animals skeptical. Another example was when Squealer emphasized to all of the animals that Napoleon was actually the savior of the Battle of Cowshed, where he supposedly screamed "Death to Humanity" and "sank his teeth [into] Jones's leg."
When the animals are asked to assemble in the yard, why doesn't Boxer crush the dog that attacks him? Why is this significant?
When the animals are asked to assemble in the yard, Boxer doesn't crush the dog that attacks him because he was waiting for Napoleon's response. Napoleon ordered Boxer to let the dog go, causing the dog to run away. This is significant because this shows that Boxer, along with the other animals, only listen to who's in charge; in this case, Napoleon was in charge, meaning that all of the animals were only willing to listen to him.
What is found in the cellar of the farmhouse? Because of his use of this, what is feared for Napoleon? What is the real problem?
Whiskey was later found in the cellars of the farmhouse, and everyone was celebrating the "victory" of the animals. As a result, even the "Beasts of England" was sung, which was really surprising. But, in the morning, it was announced that Napoleon was actually dying, due to the fact that Snowball purposely "food-poisoned" Napoleon, making him sick. In fact, Squealer and the rest of the pigs were ill as well, meaning that they got sick because of the whiskey. The pigs just randomly blamed Snowball for their own problems.
