Anthro 001 Chp 4

Identify each statement about language in the United States as correct or incorrect.

Correct Answer(s) Spanish has been spoken in both the South and the Southwest of the United States since the 1500s. Thirty-two states have English-only laws. Incorrect Answer(s) English is the national language of the United States. Some states have laws declaring that Spanish speakers may be arrested on suspicion of being undocumented immigrants.

The "N-word" is a controversial word with a troubling history. Who would study the usage of the "N-word"?

sociolinguists

The Summer Institute of Linguistics (SIL) and the Wycliffe Bible Translators send missionaries to remote areas to live with communities in order to write down their language and translate the Christian Bible into that language. Why is their work controversial?

some scholars worry that the Christian mission of the project ignores the preservation of words connected with indigenous religions

All humans are born with the capacity to learn language. There are nearly 7,000 languages in use in the world today. Each language influences the way its speakers think and interpret the world. In today's digital world, specialized vocabulary has emerged to describe and engage in digital communication, such as mouse, emoji, and tweet.

specialized vocabulary has emerged to describe and engage in digital communication, such as mouse, emoji, and tweet.

The FOXP2 gene has been connected with human language use. Identify the correct statement about the FOXP2 gene.

the FOXP2 gene may avtivate the ability to use human speech

The following excerpt is an email sent by a student to a professor. What did the student do incorrectly? Hi, how r u? this is xxxx from ur class which is on monday n wednesday @ 9:30. i just wanted to ask u that about the book critique. I know what i as suppose to do in terms of writing about the book however i am lost n not sure wht i should do abt the articles and how u want us to relate it to our paper. I mean am i suppose to write abt the book n then relate it to da article n den offer my own opinion on it? plz let me know how i should b doing dis or if this is how i should be doing it. . . . . . Thank you

the student did not code switch when he should have

Descriptive linguists must study all facets of a language, including the sounds, gestures, and symbols used by those that speak it. Match each term to the correct description

the study of what sounds exist and which ones are important in a particular language phonology the study of patterns and rules of how sounds combine to make morphemes morphology the study of the relationship between body movements and communication kinesics

How many states have passed English-only laws limiting classroom instructions, driver's license exams, road signs, and even health warnings to one language?

thirty-two

Language develops along a language continuum. If the length of the line represents geographical distance from the area where Language X is spoken, click on the variant that is more likely to be intelligible to people who speak Language X.

variant Z

Approximately one language is lost every ten days. Identify the regions that are experiencing the highest rates of language loss.

High Rate of Language Loss central South America southwestern United States northern Australia Not a High Rate of Language Loss southwestern Asia southeastern Canada

Identify the nations with the most language diversity, and those with the least language diversity.

Most Language Diversity Papua New Guinea Indonesia Least Language Diversity Iceland North Korea

Ninety percent of how we communicate is through nonverbal actions and cues. Identify the parts of language that emojis try to replace when communicating digitally.

Parts of Language that Emojis Try to Replace paralanguage kinesics Parts of Language that Emojis Do Not Try to Replace spoken language digital language

Identify each way of speaking as either a dialect or a prestige language.

Prestige Language a language variant whose use brings financial gain a midwestern American accent the type of French that is spoken in government and national media Dialect a language variant that is politically subjugated

Historical linguistics is the study of the development and change of language over time. Place the following origins of the English language in chronological order, from oldest to newest.

Proto-Indo-European, proto-Germanic, English

The Sapir-Whorf hypothesis says that different languages create different ways of thinking. Identify the examples that support the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis.

Supports Sapir-Whorf Hypothesis the inability of anthropologist Laura Bohannan to explain Hamlet's message in the Tiv language Whales "sing," creating a vocalization that appears to have a unique tune for each pod of whales. the combination of the past and present in the Hopi language Does Not Support Sapir-Whorf Hypothesis Neandertals and early Homo species had neurological and anatomical features necessary for speech.

Identify the statement that most accurately describes the language-related challenge that Laura Bohannan experienced in her fieldwork with the Tiv of West Africa.

Tiv vocabulary and concepts did not translate into English well enough to make sense of Shakespeare

The concept of language ideology refers to ___ about language that often serve(s) to ___ patterns of stratification and inequality. Language ideologies are powerful in their effects, though they may or may not be ___.

beliefs, justify, correct

Place the languages in order from highest to lowest number of native speakers.

chinese, spanish, english, arabic

Because we share the capacity to learn language, the human species represents a speech community.

false

Most children of immigrants to the United States do not learn to speak English proficiently because their parents still speak their native language at home.

false

Call systems and languages are two different ways to communicate. Match each type of communication to the correct example of a creature that uses it. Terms may be used more than once, and two terms may be used for one image.

monkey: language, call system dog: call system human: call system, language

The ability to use complex language is unique to our species. Anthropological evidence suggests that language developed as an adaptation to inhospitable environments. Identify the benefits of language that would have contributed to the survival of early humans.

Contributed to Early Human Survival Language gives humans the ability to create art. Language enhances group cooperation. Language transmits cultural knowledge over generations. Did Not Contribute to Early Human Survival Language bolsters the immune system and helps fight disease.

Approximately how many languages are used around the world?

7,000

Language loss is the extinction of languages that have very few speakers. Identify the factors that contribute to diminishing language diversity worldwide.

Contributes to Language Loss use of certain languages by global media increasing migration to urban centers lasting effects of colonization Does Not Contribute to Language Loss the work of anthropologists

Identify the statements that correctly describe African American English (AAE).

Describes African American English AAE is also known as Ebonics. AAE is spoken by millions of African Americans. Does Not Describe African American English AAE does not have consistent grammar rules and vocabulary. Scholars agree that AAE likely originated with slavery.

Identify each of the following statements as associated with the difference model or the dominance model of communication.

Difference Model Conversations between men and women are a form of cross-cultural communication. Children acquire their communication skills in largely segregated gender groups. Dominance Model Men use linguistic strategies that establish and maintain dominance in conversation. In mixed-sex conversations, women talk less than men.

While nonhuman primates do not exhibit complex human language behavior in their natural habitats, some primates in captivity have been taught to use language in distinct ways. Identify the aspects of human language skills that nonhuman primates have exhibited.

Exhibited by Nonhuman Primates productivity displacement Not Exhibited by Nonhuman Primates grammar code switching