AOS1 Unit 1 - The Human Body in Motion: Skeletal System

Appendicular Skeleton

Portion of the skeletal system that consists of the clavicle, scapula, arms, pelvis, legs

Spinal Column

Cervical (7), Thoracic (12), Lumbar (5), Sacrum (5 fused), Coccyx (4 fused)

3 Classification Of Joints

Fibrous (immovable) e.g. skull & pelvis, Cartilaginous (semi-movable) e.g. ribs to sternum, pubic bone, Synovial (freely moveable) (controlled by muscles)

Cranium, Mandible, Clavicle, Sternum, Ribs, Humerus, Ulna, Radius, Carpals, Patella, Fibula, Vertebrae, Pelvis, Metacarpals, Digits, Femur, Tibia, Tarsals, Metatarsals.

Skeletal Bones

Flexion

The angle between the bones decreases

Extension

The angle between the bones increases

Adduction

To bring back to the midline of the body

Abduction

To take away from the midline of body

6 Synovial Joints

Ball and Socket (shoulder/hip), Hinge (elbow/knee), Gliding (carpals/tarsals), Saddle (thumb), Condyloid (wrist), Pivot (neck)

Circumduction

Bones make a cone shape as it moves

Axial Skeleton

Portion of the skeletal system that consists of the skull, rib cage, and vertebral column

How many bones in the human body?

206 bones

Bones Types and examples

Long: Femur, Short: Carpals in wrist and Tarsals in feet, Flat: Cranium, Ribs, Sternum, Irregular: Vertebrae, Mandible, Sesamoid (enclosed in tendon) : Tendons

Rotation

Movement around an axis (neck)

Functions of the Skeletal System

Movement, Protection, Support, Red Blood Cell production & Mineral storage