AP Bio: Chapter 18 (Gene Regulation)

The functioning of enhancers is an example of

Transcriptional control of gene expression

This binds to an enhancer site in the DNA far from the promoter to stimulate transcription:

Activator

Which of the following can contribute to the development of cancer?

All of the above

Altering patterns of gene expression in prokaryotes would most likely serve the organism's survival in which of the following ways?

Allowing environmental changes to alter the prokaryote's genome

If a particular operon encodes for enzymes for making an essential amino acid and is regulated like the trp operon, then the

Amino acid acts as a corepressor

In eukaryotes, transcription is generally associated with

Both euchromatin and histone acetylation

Tumor suppressor genes

Can encode proteins that promote DNA repair

What would occur if the repressor gene of an inducible operon were mutated so it could not bind to the operator?

Continuous transcription of the operon's genes

A lack of this nonprotein molecule would result in the inability of the cell to "turn off" genes:

Corepressor

Gene expression might be altered at the level of post-transcriptional processing in eukaryotes rather than prokaryotes because of which of the following?

Eukaryotic exons may be spliced in alternative patterns

Muscle cells and nerve cells in one species of animal owe their differences in structure to

Having different genes expressed

This protein is produced by a regulatory gene upstream from the promotor region:

Inducer

When this is taken up by the cell, it binds to the repressor so that the repressor no longer binds to the operator

Inducer

Which of the following statements about the DNA in one of your brain cells is true?

It is the same as the DNA in your heart cells

Proto-oncogens can change into oncogenes that cause cancer. Which of the following best explains the presence of these potential time bombs in eukaryotic cells?

Proto-oncogenes normally help regulate cell division

The phenomenon in which RNA molecules in a cell are destroyed if they have a sequence complementary to an introduced double-stranded RNA is called

RNA Interface

For a repressible operon to be transcribed, which of the following must occur?

RNA polymerase cannot be present, the repressor must be inactive

Which of the following is an example of post-transcriptional control of gene expression?

Removal of introns and the splicing together of exons

What does the operon model attempt to explain?

The coordinated control of gene expression in bacteria

The lactose operon is likely to be transcribed when

The cyclic AMP and lactose levels are both high within the cell and glucose is not present

The incidence of cancer increases dramatically in older humans because

The longer we live, the more mutations we accumulate

Which of the following statements describes proto-oncogenes?

They can code for proteins associated with cell growth

In both eukaryotes and prokaryotes, gene expression is primarily regulated at the level of

Transcription

The tryptophan operon is a repressible operon that is

Turned off whenever tryptophan is present