AP BIO CHAPTER 3

For H⁺ it's how far the exponent on the 10 is from _______

0

For OH⁻ it's how far the exponent on the 10 is from _____

14

At what temperature is water at its densest?

4°C

One mole (mol) of a subtance is equal to

6.02 ∙ 10²³ and the molecular mass of the subtance expressed in grams

The slight negative charge at one end of one water molecule is attracted to the slight positive charge of another water molecule. What is this attractions called?

Hydrogen Bond

What gives rise to the cohesiveness of water molecules?

Hydrogen bonds

Which type of bond must be broken for water to vaporize?

Hydrogen bonds

The closer you get to 0, you get 10x more the _____ ions you had.

H⁺

Which takes place as an ice cube cools a drink?

Kinetic energy in the drink decreases

Hydrophobic substances such as vegetable oil are

Nonpolar substances that repel water molecules

The closer you get to 14, you get 10x more the _______ you had.

OH⁻

In a single molecule of water, two hydrogen atoms are bonded to single oxygen atom by

Polar Covalent Bonds

Define a kilocalorie

The amount of heat required to raise the temperature of 1 kg of water by 1°C

Water is able to form hydrogen bonds because

The bonds that hold together the atoms i a water molecule are polar covalent bonds

Temperature usually increases when water condenses. Which behavior of water is most directly responsible for this phenomenon

The release of heat by the formation of hydrogen bonds

Water's high specific heat is mainly a consequence of the

absorption and release of heat when hydrogen bonds break and form

Buffer solutions maintain a relatively _______ ___ when either acids/bases are added to them

constant pH

Hydrogen connected to a relatively ____________ atom is a donor

electronegative

Oxygen atoms are _______ ________ and hydrogen atoms are_____ ________

slightly negative; slightly positive