A+P CH 05 HW

The skin provides a somewhat waterproof outer shell that helps the body retain water. However, one of the integument's other functions involves losing water (along with salts and organic wastes). Which function is that?

Heat loss through sweating

The integumentary system protects deeper structures from which of the following?

Infections Dehydration (water loss) Chemicals Physical damage from impacts

Which gland is responsible for odorous secretions concentrated in the armpits and groin?

apocrine sweat gland

Recall that the epidermis is a stratified squamous epithelium and is found where mechanical stresses are severe (as you saw in Chapter 4: The Tissue Level of Organization). Such an epithelium provides physical protection against abrasion and chemical attack and helps keep microorganisms outside the body. What is the name of the structure that connects epithelia cells to underlying connective tissue?

basement membrane

Glands that are located in the passageway of the external ear are called ____ glands.

ceruminous

Through which mechanism does perspiration function in cooling the body?

evaporation

To form an effective barrier that protects underlying tissues, the epithelial cells of the skin must hold onto one another and also be connected to the rest of the body. They do this with specialized cell junctions known as desmosomes and hemidesmosomes (as you saw in Chapter 4: The Tissue Level of Organization). Desmosomes lock together the plasma membranes of epithelial cells, forming the different strata of the epidermis. Hemidesmosomes firmly attach the deepest cells of the stratum basale to the extracellular basement membrane. What kind of specialized cell junction permits the free diffusion of ions and small molecules between two cells?

gap junction

Recall that exocrine glands secrete their products onto an epithelial surface (as you saw in Chapter 4: The Tissue Level of Organization). These secretions reach the surface either directly (mucous cells) or through tubular ducts that open onto the surface of the skin, or onto an epithelium lining, an internal passageway that connects to the exterior. Exocrine glands can be classified according to their mode of secretion or type of secretion. Which type of exocrine secretion is characterized by the entire cell becoming packed with secretory vesicles and then bursting, releasing the secretion but killing the cell?

holocrine

The loose connective tissue that separates the integument from deeper tissues and organs is called the

hypodermis.

The protein that contributes to many of the skin's protective qualities is called

keratin.

Which of the following is a red-yellow or brown-black pigment produced in the epidermis?

melanin

The most superficial layer of the dermis is the

papillary layer

Epidermal cells synthesize this vitamin when exposed to sunlight.

vitamin D3

What role does the female integumentary system have in human reproduction?

Specialized integumentary glands produce milk.

In which of the epidermal layers are the cells undergoing mitosis?

Stratum basale

Identify the order of layers that a piece of glass would puncture as it passes through the skin on the palm of the hand.

Stratum corneum, stratum lucidum, stratum granulosum, stratum spinosum, stratum basale, dermal papillae

What is the main role of vitamin D3 produced in the skin?

Uptake of calcium

Dermatitis is an inflammation of the skin that mainly involves the papillary layer of the dermis. The inflammation typically begins in an area of the skin exposed to infection or irritated by chemicals, radiation, or mechanical stimuli, such as scratching. What is the name of the other, deeper layer of the dermis?

reticular layer

Which of the following is an oil gland that secretes into hair folicles?

sebaceous gland

Burns are relatively common injuries that result from skin exposure to heat, friction, radiation, electrical shock, or strong chemical agents. When evaluating burns in a clinical setting, two key factors must be determined: the depth of the burn and the percentage of skin surface area that has been burned. What kind of burn is characterized by blistering?

second-degree burn

A useful technique for long-term drug administration, called transdermal administration, involves putting a sticky, drug-containing patch over an area of thin skin. What epidermal layer is found in thick and NOT in thin skin?

stratum lucidum