AP Computer Science

What is Net Neutrality? Why is it important?

It's not withholding information on the internet. It's important because its to make sure information is shared out to everyone equally.

URL

_____ is an easy to remember address for calling a web page

The world is currently in a transition to IPv6, a newer version of the IP protocol that uses 128 bit addresses instead of 32 bit addresses used by IPv4. What is the main problem that IPv6 was created to solve?

32 bit addresses could not ensure that every internet connected device can receive a unique IP address

How many unique IP address could be made in a fixed length IP address system using 6 bits

64 users

What is the most efficient way to send traffic to router C?

9

IP address

A (n) ___ ________ is a number assigned to any item that is connected to the internet.

router

A __________ is a type of computer that forwards data across a network.

Packet

A chunk of information that gets sent over the internet is known as a

Describe how a message travels across the internet. Be sure to include the protocols we have designed to make this accurate and efficient.

A message travels in packets to a sender to a receiver and it takes different paths each one of the packets and when it arrives TCP makes sure that it all arrives and makes sure its in the right order.

Which of the following statements are true about routing on the internet?

A packet traveling between two computers on the internet may be rerouted many times along the way A packet contains addressing information to allow routers to decide how best to forward along that packet towards its destination.

protocol

A well known set of rules and standards used to communicate is known as a

Which of the following best describes the purpose of an IP address

A. IP addresses provide a unique number for identifying device that send and receive information on the internet

Which of the following internet protocol is used to request and send pages and files on the world wide web?

D. HyperText Transfer Protocol (HTTP)

Emilee is watching an online video. The video is being sent to her laptop by a server over the Internet which splits the video into packets and sends them in the order they appear in the video. Which of the following is true about how the packets will arrive at her computer?

D. the packets may arrive out of order

Which of the following best describes the protocols used on the internet

D. the protocol of the internet are open and used by all devices connected to the network

Describe why the internet is an interconnected web rather than a centralized system?

So that if one path fails it doesn't take down the whole internet system and if it was centralized then its easy to take everything down.

Which of the following statements about packets and routing are true?

TCP ensures messages can be reliably transmitted across the internet TCP must account for the fact that packets may not arrive at a destination computer in the intended order

Which of the following is NOT true about TCP/IP packets?

TCP guarantees that no packets are ever dropped

Internet Protocol

The _________ __________ is the required structure of a packet to be sent on the internet.

If the post office delivered mail exactly like routers deliver messages on the internet, which statement(s) would be true?

The mailman would sometimes take a different path to deliver each letter to your home Letters would be written on the outside of envelopes for all to read instead of letters put inside envelopes

net neutrality

___ __________ is the principle that internet service providers should enable access to all content and applications regardless of source and without favoring or blocking particular products.

bandwidth

_______ is the number of bits that are converted or processed per unit of time.

Network Redundancy

________ ___________ is the method of having multiple backups to ensure reliability during cases of high usage or failure.

bit rate

____________ is the transmission capacity measure by bit rate.

hierarchy

What is the term for the fact that IP addresses within a school or organization usually start with the same sets of numbers?

which of the following internet protocols is MOST important in reassembling packets and requesting missing packets to form complete messages?

A. Transmission Control Protocol (TCP)

Which of the following situations is most likely to cause issues arising from the digital divide?

A. a state makes voters registration forms available only by visiting a government website

Two devices are connected to the Internet and communicating with one another. A squirrel chews through one of the wires in the network that is currently being used by the devices to communicate. The network immediately begins using a different path through the network and communication continues as normal. This situation best exemplifies which principle?

A. fault-tolerance

Identify the true statement(s) about HTTP...

An HTTP request is sent from a client to request access to data stored on a server Displaying a web page will often require multiple HTTP requests in order to acquire all the necessary data

Jesse purchases a new smartphone and is immediately able to use it to send a photo over the Internet to a friend who lives in a different country. Which of the following is NOT necessary to make this possible?

B. a single direct connection is established between any two devices connected to the internet

which of the following is true of how packets are sent through the internet

B. packet metadata is used to router and reassemble information traveling through the internet

Which of the following is MOST likely to be an outcome of the digital divide?

B. people from some racial or ethnic groups have unequal access to computing technology

An Internet Service Provider (ISP) is a company that builds the routers and wired connections that allow individuals to access the internet

C. redundant networks are more reliable

which of the following is true of how the internet has responded to the increasing number of devices now using the network?

C. the protocols of the internet were designed to scale as new devices are added

What is Internet Censorship? Why is it important?

It is withholding information to people. It's important so people can't get information on certain things or its limited.

Which of the following BEST describes how protocols on the internet (ex/ IP, TCP, HTTP) make use of abstraction to accomplish their respective purposes?

Low level protocols can provide functionality to high level protocols without revealing the details of how this is accomplished

Which of the following is TRUE about packets?

Packets are numbered so if they arrive out of order the message can be reassembled Packets are routed on different paths from sender to receiver The receiver computer must confirm to the sending computer that each packet was received

According to the domain name system (DNS) which of the following is the subdomain of the domain example.com?

about.example.com

HTTP protocol ignores details of TCP/IP.

true

Which of the following statements are true about routers and routing on the internet. Choose two answers.

A packet traveling between two computers on the internet may be rerouted many times along the way or even lost or "dropped" Routers act independently and route packets as they see fit.

What is the Digital Divide? Why is this an issue?

Digital divide is where some areas don't have access to internet and or have limited access to it. Its a problem because some people could not be updated on things if they aren't connected to the internet or its lacking knowledge wise.

Pick the two statements that are true about the Internet Protocol (IP).

Each device or computer on the internet is a unique IP address IP is the shared way that all devices and computers label their messages with the sender and receiver's addresses

The various protocols in use on the internet are said to operate in layers in which the protocol(s) at each layer solve one problem related to networked communication, and higher layers are built on top of, and rely on, the lower layers to do their jobs. From the list provided choose the two answers that correctly describe which internet protocol relies on the other. For example if protocol A relies on protocol B, it means that A is a higher level protocol that B, and thus protocol B must exist and work properly in order for protocol A to do its job.

HTTP relies on TCP/IP DNS relies on TCP/IP

HTTP is considered to be a high level protocol because:

HTTP requests are given higher priority for fast delivery being routed on the internet

How does a computer resolve a domain name into an IP address?

It asks a DNS server for the corresponding IP address

A school starts tracking which websites each computer in the school is visiting by monitoring the packets leaving the school. A sample of this information they have collected appears below: IP AddressTimeURL1.1.1.111:05example.com1.5.1.811:05news.com1.1.5.111:06sports.com---------1.1.5.117:04news.com Which of the following is MOST likely to be answerable using all the data collected by this monitoring?

Which websites are most frequently visited before and after school hours from a school computer

internet censorship

________ _____________ is the attempt to suppress what can be accessed, published, or viewed on the internet by certain people.

HTTP

_________ is the protocol used for transmitting web pages over the Internet.

Innovation

________________ - A new or improved idea, device, product, etc, or the development thereof

if I understand how the internet works then I will be able to...

make informed choices to support or oppose decisions my government makes about access to the internet make informed choices about my privacy on the internet

TCP

the ______ or transmission control protocol provides reliable, ordered, and error checked delivery of a stream of packets on the internet.