AP CSP UNIT 1

what are the 4 layer of abstraction in color images

1) digital layer 2) sampling layer 3) pixel layer 4) binary layer

with only 4 bits, what is the smallest number for which an overflow error would occur?

16

how many total numbers can be represented with an 8 bit binary system?

256

How many bits does it take to make the binary equivalent for 35?

6

How many bits does it take to make the binary equivalent for 55?

6

The largest 3 digit binary number when converted to base 10 is ____

7

The smallest 4 digit binary number when converted to decimal is _____

8

How many bits are in a byte?

8 bits

can you represent all fractions using bits?

NO

abstraction

Reducing information and detail to focus on essential characteristics.

Which statement about analog and digital images is true? a. Analog images come from data that is measured at regular intervals. b. Sampling an analog image more frequently produces a digital image with a better representation. c. With advances in technology, digital images look exactly like the analog images they represent. d. Digital images come from data that measures continuously.

Sampling an analog image more frequently produces a digital image with a better representation. [This answer is correct.]

Daniel is sending a large image file to a friend as part of a shared classroom project. Which of the following is most likely true if Daniel opts to compress the image before sending it? a. The image will require fewer bits in order to be represented. b. The image will require more pixels to display it on the screen. c. The image can no longer be represented using bits. d. The image will have been converted into an analog form.

The image will require fewer bits in order to be represented.

lossless compression

a data compression algorithm that allows the original data to be perfectly reconstructed from the compressed data. CAN be restored to the original state (text. compression, PNG's of GIF's, image file formats)

binary message

a message that can only be one of two possible values

binary number

a number written in the binary system, a system that uses only two digits, 0s and 1s. base 2 number with 2 possible digits

prototype

a preliminary sketch of an idea or model for something new. It's the original drawing from which something real might be built or created

binary question

a question to which there are only two possible answers

creative commons

a type of copyright license that provides a flexible range of protections and freedoms for authors, artists, and educators so that they may share and manipulate work without permission, IN OTHER WORDS SOME RIGHTS RESERVED

overflow error

an error that occurs when the computer attempts to process a number that has too many bits for it to handle, error from attempting to represent a number that is too large

binary

anything that involves or relates to two possible things

how do computing devices represent information?

as bits which is either a 0 or 1

decimal number

base 10 number with 10 possible digits

lossy compression

data compression techniques in which some amount of data is lost. This technique attempts to eliminate redundant information. CANNOT be restored to the original state (audio, images, video, usually streamed)

round-off error

error that results when the number of bits is not enough to represent the actual number, like 3 digits to represent π as 3.14, error from attempting to represent a number that is too precise, value is rounded

examples of analog image

examples of analog images are television images, photographs, paintings, and medical images etc. (THINK OF THE ORIGINAL ITEM)

pixel layer

layer of abstraction in color images where each pixel is represented by levels of red, green, and blue light

digital image layer

layer of abstraction in color images where it displays a digital approximation based on a sampling of an analog image

sampling layer

layer of abstraction in color images where samples of equal size are read from the analog image and assigned to pixels

binary layer

layer of abstraction in color images where the red, green, and blue values are represented using a sequence of binary numbers and sent out via electrical signals

which type of compression is typically better at reducing the number of bits needed to represent a piece of data?

lossy compression

to send low quality photos, what type of compression should you use and why?

lossy compression since it typically results in smaller data sizes

0 and 1

numbers used in binary

bit

one element of a binary message, single binary digit (0 or 1)

copyright

protects the creative work of authors, composers, and artists from being used or modified without their consent

technological innovation

the discovery and development of new or improved products, services, or processes for producing or providing them

What is the digital divide?

the gulf between those who have ready access to computers and the Internet, and those who do not creates lots of issues in the real world

what happens when you compress an image before sending it?

the image will require fewer bits in order to be represented

who owns the photo when it is taken and posted by a person and copied by another person with a creative commons license?

the original creator who did not license the work

when you take a picture of a painting on a phone, what is the relationship between the photo and painting?

the photo is a digital representation of the analog painting

code

to write instructions for a computer

Hexadecimal numbers use both numbers and letters as digits.

true