AP Culture Unit

Which of the following processes describes how missionary activities change the geographies of universalizing religions outside of their founding hearths?

Expansion diffusion

Tikka masala is an Indian-style food that has gained popularity in the United Kingdom, despite being less common in India. Which of the following processes led to the spread of this food?

Relocation Diffusion

Many people living in west and central African countries such as Niger, Chad, and the Central African Republic speak French. Which of the following best explains this pattern?

France acquired several countries in Africa as a result of decisions made during the Berlin Conference of 1884.

A fashion trend was started when an actor appeared on a television show wearing a shirt and tie of the same color. Within weeks, people began to follow this trend in both large cities and small towns across the United States. Which pair of diffusion types explains the spread of the fashion trend in this example?

Hierarchical and contagious

When an immigrant group moves into a new location inhabited by a larger dominant culture with a different language, which of the following is the most likely outcome?

The immigrant group will learn and use the new language, and immigrant words will enter the language of the majority population.

The event shown in the image is best explained as (day of the dead)

a combination of traditional, indigenous, and European beliefs in Mexico

The costumes of the people in the procession (day of the dead) are the result of synthesis between religion and ethnicity that

creates new cultural forms and contributes to a sense of place

The Arabic word sawahili means "a language of the coast." Which of the following explains how this would relate to the Swahili language spoken today in Kenya, Tanzania, and northern Mozambique in eastern Africa?

As Muslim merchants traveled to Africa, they needed to communicate with people living along the coastal areas of the Indian Ocean in order to trade, and a lingua franca developed.

Which of the following can be used to explain why an immigrant community that attempts to assimilate into local society would engage in political protest against the government?

Ethnic groups living in segregated enclaves

Which of the following elements of the cultural landscape are shown in the images?

Moorish Islamic art, architecture and script

Based on the images shown, which of the following best explains the process of diffusion in relation to the religious history of Spain?

Southern Spain was once under Muslim control, as indicated by the Islamic architecture of the palace in the images.

Which of the following best explains why a universalizing religion would diffuse into a region?

The region has a large population where many people already follow another universalizing religion.

Which of the following statements identifies a cultural trait evident in the photograph?

The temple reflects typical Buddhist architecture

The image shown was taken in Ketchikan, Alaska. Which of the following best explains the process illustrated by the image?

Through the process of diffusion, ethnic cuisines may change the cultural landscape in locations far from their hearths

Using information from the image, which of the following can be described as identifiable signs and symbols of a Chinese cultural landscape in San Francisco?

Chinese-language signs and Chinese lamps

Orthodox Christianity was established in Ethiopia during the fourth century after diffusing up the Nile River valley from the Mediterranean Coast of Egypt. Islam expanded into North Africa and East Africa during the seventh century. Today Ethiopia's population is 43% Orthodox Christian and 33% Muslim. Which statement best explains the composition of religious groups of Ethiopia?

Ethiopia resisted the Islamic expansion in northern Africa.

The map shown was published in the United States in the early twentieth century. The title of the map is an example of

Ethnocentrism

Across the Islamic world, despite different cultures and architectural styles, common features can be seen in mosque architecture. Which of the following explains the diffusion of Islamic architecture worldwide?

Islamic architectural styles spread by expansion and relocation diffusion, resulting in mosque architecture that has some design commonalities and some elements of local culture.

Which of the following concepts best explains the driving forces of contemporary cultural diffusion?

Space-time compression

A popular American hamburger chain successfully entered the fast-food market in India by altering the menu to include vegetarian burgers instead of hamburgers made with beef. This example can best be described as

Stimulus diffusion

Sikhism grew out of a blend of Hindu and Islamic religious principles, a process best explained by which term?

Syncretism

The photograph was taken in Singapore. Which of the following statements best describes how the buildings shown in the photograph represent the culture of Singapore?

The Buddhist temple represents the value of traditional religion in the culture of modern Singapore.

Which of the following best explains the use of two languages in this United States highway sign?

The highway sign is a representation of the state's multilingual ethnic cultural heritage.

The image shows the Old City of Jerusalem. Which statement best describes the spatial pattern in the cultural landscape?

The image indicates that Muslim and Jewish citizens live in close proximity to each other.