AP Environmental Science Ch. 1 and 2 Review ?s

What major enviro events happened during conservation era of history between 1930 and 1960

-Civilian Conservation Corps put people to work in enviro -Tennessee valley authority (replant forests and build damns) -Soil conservation act

What is an ecological footprint? How might this info be useful?

It is the amount of biologically productive land and water needed to supply an area with resources and to absorb the wastes and pollution produced by such resource use.

What are three problems with pollution cleanup?

It's temporary, it often removes it from one part of enviro to another, it usually costs too much or cant be reduced once dispersed

Summarize major contributions of Muir, TR, Pinchot, FDR, and Carson

Muir founded the sierra club and advocated for protection of parks and public lands TR- Grand canyon as one of the parks, tripling size of national forest reserves, first federal refuge at pelican island, president gets power Pinchot- In charge of US forest service pioneered 1. sustainable yield 2. multiple use FDR-low cost purchase of public land, CCC, TVA, build damns, Soil conservation act -Carson-published silent spring documented pesticides and pollution

Environmentalism

a social movement dedicated to protecting the earth's life-support systems for us and other species

Define Environmental science

a study of how the earth works, how we interact with the earth, and how to deal with enviro. problems

What is a nonrenewable resource? Know the production/depletion curve.

exists in a fixed quantity or stock in the earth's crust. like energy (coal, oil, and gas)

what is an environmental worldview?

it is an individual's belief about: What ones own role in the world should be done about the environmental problems

What are hunter gatherers and what were their major environmental impact?

Early humans who didnt stay in areas for long, they usually depleted the enviro of its resources before moving on

What is an environmentally sustainable society? Distinguish between living on the earth's natural capital and living on the renewable biological income provided by this capital

Enviro. sustainable society meets the basic resource needs of its people in a just and equitable manner without degrading or depleting the natural capital that supplies these resources. Living sustainably means living off natural income like soil plants and air

Define Environment

Environment is the sum total of all living and nonliving things that affect any living organism.

What major enviro events happened during conservation era of history between 1870 and 1930

Forest reserve act of 1891-fed gov has responsibility. -John muir founded sierra club -Theodore Roosevelt conservationist as president -U.s. forest service to manage and protect forest reserves -Antiquities act (president can protect area of scientific and historical interest -National Park service act parks are preserved

What major contributions did aldo leopold make to the enviro history of US ? what is his land ethic?

He was one of the founders of the wilderness society. he was one of the founders of the conservation movements.his ethic : the individual is a member of a community of interdependent parts

Distinguish between pollution prevention and pollution cleanup (output vs input)

prevention reduced or eliminates the production of pollutants. Cleanup involves cleaning up or diluting pollutants after they have been produced.

What is physically depleted resource what is an economically depleted resource

"physically depleted" is the simpler one.. it means you have run out! like, there really is no more coal in the mine, it's all gone. "economically depleted" means that even though there is still some left, the cost to get the rest isn't worth it.

List 3 examples of local natural capital (natural resources)

Air, Water, Soil, Land, Life (biodiversity), renewable and non renewable energy

What is the tragedy of the commons?

By Hardin; the degradation of renewable free-access resources. This can be seen through ecological footprints

Distinguish between point sources and nonpoint sources of pollution

Point-single, identifiable sources like industrial plants nonpoint sources are larger, dispersed and difficult to identify like pesticides in the air

How is poverty related to environmental quality, peoples' quality of life, and life span

Poor people have many children for economic security and many die prematurely from malnutrition. They are more likely to contract diseases. They have a lack of access to clean drinking h20.

What is environmental degradation.

Population growth, Unsustainable resource use, poverty, etc.

what were the key factors in the near extinction of the American bison from the Great plains?

Railroads spread so they hire bison hunters. Used for meat, clothes, tongues, bc bison damaged crops, killing off native american food supply

Distinguish between reuse and recycling

Reuse is using a resource over and over in the same form like glass bottles. Recycling is processing waste into new materials like aluminum cans

What is the agricultural revolution. What are its major benefits and environmental drawbacks?

The agricultural revolution was the shift to settled agricultural communities in which people domesticated wild animals and cultivated wild plants. The major benefits included more food, larger population, longer life expectancy, higher standards of living, formation of village, towns and cities that served as centers for trade, government and religion. Drawbacks included destruction of wildlife habitats, killing wild of animals, fertile land to desert, soil eroded into streams,towns and cities concentrated waste and pollution and increased diseases and increases conflict and slavery.

What is the information and globalization revolution?

The era of new technologies that increase access to more information on a global scale. The advantages included knowledge of environmental systems and ability to respond to problems more effectively. Drawbacks included information overload, homogenizing earth's surface, and decrease in cultural diversity.

What is the industrial medical revolution? what are its major benefits and enviro drawbacks?

The industrial revolution was the rapid expansion in the production, trade and distribution of material goods. The benefits included the mass production of useful and affordable products, higher standards of living, increased agricultural production,lower infant mortality, longer life, increased urbanization and lower rate of growth. The drawbacks include increased air and water pollution and waste, soil and groundwater depletion, habitat and biodiversity degradation.

What are slash and burn cultivation and shifting cultivation?

The slash-and-burn was used to prepare the land for planting, by cutting down trees and other vegetation and burning the underbrush. Shifting was used when plots became depleted of nutrients and growers cleared a new plot. Such practices can be sustainable when used only in small parts of land and allowing them to restore soil fertility.

Contribution of Thoreau and Marsh

Thoreau kept journals about excursions in wild nature. he sought self sufficiency and coexistance in nature. He wrote life in the woods because he lived in concord in the woods. Marsh wrote man and nature aided people in seeing need for conservation. Marsh questioned inexhaustible resource belief. and formulated basic resource conservation

What are the four major eras of enviro history in the US.

Tribal Era (Agricultural Revolution) Frontier Era (Lets conquer the wilderness) Early Conservation Era (lets preserve the wilderness) Environmental Era (60s- science, 70s- regulation, 80s- business)

what is exponential growth? Give an example of exponential growth

a quantity increases at a FIXED PERCENTAGE unit of time. It usually starts off slowly, but grows to enormous #s. Example: Folding a piece of paper over and over again

Distinguish between developed countries and developing countries and give 3 characteristics of each country type

developed countries are highly industrialized and have high average per gapita GPD like (canada, japan, US) Developing questions: most in africa and asia, some are middle income moderately developed countries and others are low income like india.

What is environmentally sustainable economic development?

process of developing economic value that includes what traditional economic development considers external costs . It holistic in its development approach and makes distinctions between "mining" activities and "farming" activities.

Compare and contrast perpetual resources and renewable resources

solar energy is a perpetual resources because it is renewed continuously. A renewable resource can be replenished rapidly naturally like animals and forests

What is the frontier environmental worldview?

states that humans should be able to exploit nature by consuming natural resources in unlimited amounts.

What is the enviro movement in the US. What major enviro events happened during the enviro era of enviro history of the US during the 1980s, 1990s through 2004

the 1980s were anti environmental movement when reagan became president.Then came clinton and he was on the enviro side but he didnt push on issues like global warming and biodiversity protection. Anti enviro movement strengthened

Describe concept of affluenza in ur own words

we want more than we should have because we like to keep up with trends, and we like material things