AP Euro Unit VIII

Throughout the 1970s and the 1980s, Spain faced terrorist actions by an insurgent movement of

Basque separatists

How did the Solidarity trade union in Poland understand its goals in the early 1980s?

It sought a self-limiting revolution to defend freedoms won in previous agreements with the Communist government.

Who is Vladimir Putin?

President of Russia beginning in 2000

What did Nikita Khrushchev's de-Stalinization campaign call for?

The Communist Party to retain its monopoly on political power

At the time of the Yalta Conference in 1945, why was the position of the Soviet Union much stronger in negotiations with the United States and Great Britain?

The Soviet army already occupied much of Eastern Europe

Why did OPEC declare an oil embargo on the US in 1973?

The US had aided Israel in its war with Egypt and Syria in 1973.

What event finally galvanized NATO action against the Bosnian Serbs?

The slaughter of thousands of citizens in Srebrenica

Which of the following describes the Eastern Bloc living standards in the 1970s?

Well below those in the West but well above those in the developing world

The Marshall Plan in 1947 was a response to

a Western Europe on the verge of economic collapse

What was the policy of detente that Social Democrats in Europe pursued?

a progressive relaxation of Cold War tensions

What was the result of breaking the Berlin Blockade in 1948-49?

creation of 2 separate German states: West Germany and East Germany

Mikhail Gorbachev, who became the leader of the SU in 1985, tried to reform the Communist system through perestroika, or

economic restructuring

What did the Marshall Plan accomplish?

prevented economic collapse in Western Europe

After the Second World War, the Soviet Union

reestablished a harsh dictatorship

The postindustrial society that emerged at the end of the 1970s

relied on high-tech and service-oriented jobs for economic growth rather than on heavy industry and manufacturing jobs

The Helsinki Accords of 1975 called for

respect for human rights and the recognition of existing political boundaries

What did the era of stagflation in the 1970s demonstrate about the social welfare states in Westen Europe?

The welfare state was capable of preventing mass suffering and sustaining political stability and democracy.

Christian Democrats in which country promoted a "social-market economy" based on a combination of free-market liberalism, some state intervention, and an extensive social benefits network?

West Germany

Some Europeans warned that Europe's rapidly growing Muslim population was not only a security danger but also threatened

the west's tradition of freedoms, representative government, and toleration for difference

What was Mikhail Gorbachev's goal in bringing reforms to Russia?

to revitalize the Soviet System in order to save it