AP Psychology Module 77-78

Outgroup

"Them"--those perceived as different or apart from our ingroup.

Ingroup

"Us"--people with whom we share a common identity.

Stereotype

a generalized (sometimes accurate but often overgeneralized) belief about a group of people.

Prejudice

an unjustifiable and usually negative attitude toward a group and its members. Generally involves stereotyped beliefs, negative feelings, and a predisposition to discriminatory action.

Aggression

any physical or verbal behavior intended to hurt or destroy.

Social Script

culturally modeled guide for how to act in various situations.

Frustration-Aggresion Principle

the principle that frustration--the blocking of an attempt to achieve some goal--creates anger, which can generate aggression.

Just-World Phenomenon

the tendency for people to believe the world is just and that people therefore get what they deserve and deserve what they get.

Ingroup Bias

the tendency to favor our own group.

Other-Race Effect

the tendency to recall faces of one's own race more accurately than faces of other races.

Scapegoat Theory

the theory that prejudice offers an outlet for anger by providing someone to blame.

Discrimination

unjustifiable negative behavior toward a group and its members.