AP psychology unit 2 test

brain lateralization refers to the

inclination for certain cognitive processes to be specialized to one hemisphere of the brain or the other

which of the following is true about the pons?

It is the region of the brain that is most closely associated with sleep and arousal.

psychologist Michael Gazzaniga asked split brain patients to stare at a dot as he flashed HE + ART ON A SCREEN. HE appeared in the left visual field, ART in the right. When asked, patients said they saw

`ART

Sally says that her dream about going to a circus is just her brain attempting to make sense of random stimulation from the brain stem. Sally's explanation is consistent with which of the following theories of dreaming?

activation synthesis

The explanation that holds that dreams are merely the brain's attempt to make sense of meaningless patterns of brain activity during sleep is called the

activation synthesis theory

A certain drug reduces the activity of the central nervous system, including the hippocampus and cerebellum. It affects several neurotransmitters, most notably gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA). Which of the following is most like the drug in question ?

alcohol

an individual who drinks alcohol daily finds it necessary to drink increasing amounts to achieve the state of well being attained in the past. This individual is showing

alcohol tolerance

Ted is hiking along a mountain trail when he sees a large snake slithering across the path ahead of him. Which of the following brain structures is most closely associated with Ted's fear response?

amygdala

Cocaine blocks the reuptake of ________.

dopamine

For most people, speech functions are primarily localized in the

left cerebral hemisphere

After Martin's cerebrovascular accident he had difficulty understanding what others were saying to him. He could speak but what he said made little sense. Where is Martin's brain damage?

wernicke's area in left hemisphere

A person will most likely develop aphasia as a result of damage to which of the following parts of the brain?

wernickes area

Getting a headache from not having a morning coffee after substantial daily coffee consumption for several months is most likely due to

withdrawal

when a person is suffering from severe pain, the type of drug that will help alleviate pain is

an opiate

which of the following will NOT increase behavioral and mental activity?

barbiturates (depressant)

The impaired functioning of what part of body is responsible for a drunk person not being able to walk in a straight line (difficulties with motor coordination & balance)

cerebellum

Gwen's brain has a congenital anomaly (a difference in brain anatomy that she was born with)- it lacks the main connection between the right and left hemispheres. What was Gwen born without?

corpus callosum

A person with damage to Broca's area would most likely demonstrate which of the following symptoms?

difficulty with speech production

which of the following regions of the body has the largest area of sensory cortex devoted to it?

face

Brett was a superior student and had a full scholarship, but following a head injury he can no longer plan, organize or follow through with necessary tasks for school. (In addition he no longer shows concern for others or for common social courtesies. He's rude and disinhibited). Where was his injury?

frontal lobe

a person with a severe head injury subsequently acts irresponsibly, does not seem to be able to plan effectively, and is easy to anger. Which of the following brain areas is most likely injured?

frontal lobe

Paul suffered from encephalitis (a brain infection) while in college. He received good medical attention but still the infection took its toll on certain parts of his brain, so that now Paul cannot store new long-term memories. What part of the brain did encephalitis damage?

hippocampus

When people consume large amounts of alcohol, they are often unable to recall what they did and said while they were drinking. This occurs because alcohol interferes with the brain's ability to form new memories in the

hippocampus

Jeff lives in the United States, and he recently flew to Spain. Even after sleeping for several hours on the flight, he still felt lethargic for a few days. If Jeff has not caught an illness, which of the following is the most likely explanation for his physical response?

his circadian rhythm has been disrupted

which of the following would most likely result from an injury to the medulla?

life threatening disruption of heartbeat and breathing

the network of structures involved in emotion, motivation, and memory is the

limbic system

damage to cerebellum would most likely result in which of the following problems?

loss of motor coordination

Sara had an argument with her coworker, Adam. That night, Sara had a dream that she was shopping at a mall and Adam was in every store in which she shopped. A psychoanalyst would say that Adam's being at the mall in her dream was an example of which of the following?

manifest content

The area of the brain stem that is important in controlling breathing is the

medulla

Beth received a hemispherectomy to treat a seizure disorder when she was two years old. However, by the time she was five years old, her cognitive abilities were the same as those of a neurotypical five year old. Which of the following best explains her abilities?

neuroplasticity

George was involved in an accident and experienced head trauma. Although his eyes were functioning normally, he was unable to see. Which area of the brain was most likely affected by the accident?

occipital lobe

the follow question refer to the illustration below

pons

Significant damage to which of the following parts of the brain will most likely cause a person to fall into a deep coma from which the person will be unable to awaken?

reticular formation

The right occipital lobe receives visual information from the

right half of both retinas

Margie suffered damage to part of the surface of her brain after being struck by a golf club let loose by an irate golfer that had just sliced a key drive. As a result Margie has loss some sensory awareness of her left leg. Where is Margie's brain damage?

right hemisphere; parietal lobe

If an individual has lost the ability to feel plain in left arm, there is most likely damage to what part of brain?

right parietal lobe

During the night, Alicia stops breathing repeatedly, frequently gasps for air, and snores loudly at regular intervals. Alicia is most likely suffering from which of the following conditions?

sleep apnea

what is primary function of the pons?

sleeping, waking and dreaming

which of the following assertions is best supported by empirical evidence?

the 2 cerebral hemispheres are specialized to process different types of cognitive tasks