Ap psychology unit 5 pt 2

Which of the following types of test is designed to measure an individual's knowledge of a subject?

achievement

A test that is labeled an achievement test is most likely to be given to

allow a student to be exempted from a college course

Ms. Reagan, who is a teacher, agrees more with Howard Gardner's theory of intelligence than Charles Spearman's theory of intelligence. Which of the following scenarios would she most agree with?

Ms. Reagan thinks that her students exhibit more than one type of intelligence. For example, she notices her student Noel plays well with others as well as alone.

Charles Spearman's concept of g is most accurately defined as

a single, underlying intellectual capacity measured by intelligence tests

A researcher interested in finding a simple way to estimate intelligence decides to evaluate skull circumference as a possible indicator of intelligence. He finds that the size of an adult's skull remains the same from

reliable but not valid

Because intelligence is defined according to the attributes that enable success in a culture, psychologists consider intelligence to be

socially constructed

Initially, intelligence quotients were calculated on the basis of a person's mental and chronological ages. Using that approach, a person with a mental age of 12 and an intelligence score of 120 would have a chronological age of

10

In a normal distribution of test scores, the percentage of scores that fall at or below the mean score is

50%

According to the Stanford-Binet formula for an intelligence quotient (IQ), the IQ of a ten-year-old child with a mental age of eight and a half years is

85

Dr. Porter is studying the effectiveness of two intervention programs to improve the outcomes of children who have an intellectual disability. Which of the following groups of children should she include in her study?

Children who have an IQ between 50 and 69

Martin has been heavily influenced by the work of Lewis Terman. Which of the following perspectives on intelligence would Martin most likely have?

Intelligence is primarily a biologically based capacity.

At 17 months of age, Julie says "wada" whenever she wants a drink of water. Julie is most likely in the stage of language development.

One word

A test that measures a student's potential ability is

an aptitude test

Noam Chomsky has emphasized that the acquisition of language by children is facilitated by

an inborn readiness to learn grammatical rules

Average IQ scores have increased steadily over the past 100 years. It has been argued that this effect is most likely due to

an increase in the average number of years in school

Which of the following refers to the potential of an individual to perform an as-yet-unlearned task?

aptitude

The earliest stage of speech development is called the stage.

babbling

The intelligence quotient (IQ) has traditionally been based on the relationship between an individual's mental age and his or her

chronological age

Which of the following types of intelligence would be most important in answering trivia questions?

crystallized

A normally functioning 65-year-old who cannot solve abstract logic puzzles as quickly as he did when he was younger is experiencing a

decrease in his fluid intelligence

Which of the following methods is used in studies designed to determine the primary components of intelligence?

factor analysis

Those who score above average on tests of mathematical aptitude are also likely to score above average on tests of verbal aptitude. According to Spearman, this best illustrates the importance of

g factor

General intelligence test scores obtained during adolescence best predict which of the following?

grades in school

The sort of problem solving that demonstrates "school smarts" is what researchers have historically assessed in their tests of

intelligence

The Flynn effect is best illustrated by which of the following statements?

intelligence scores increase from generation to generation

The type of intelligence that Howard Gardner described as individuals' abilities to understand themselves and to be aware of their talents and limitations is

intrapersonal

Which of the multiple intelligences posited by Howard Gardner is most closely related to the concept of emotional intelligence

intrapersonal

A disadvantage of using Alfred Binet's concept of mental age in assessing intelligence is that

it is inappropriate for adults

A standardized test must have all of the following EXCEPT

multiple choice questions

Studies suggest that there is a positive correlation between intelligence and the

neural processing speed in the brain

The best evidence that there is a critical period for language acquisition is the fact that

people most easily master the grammar of a second language during childhood.

The smallest distinctive sound unit of language is a

phoneme

One component of emotional intelligence involves

predicting accurately when feelings are about to change.

A psychologist develops a new assessment instrument for depression. She gives it to a sample of clients and then, some time later, gives it to the same sample again. What aspect of the assessment is she evaluating?

reliability

Henry took an intelligence test and scored lower than he thought he should. He kept retaking the test, but he kept getting about the same score each time. This series of events indicates that the test was

reliable

Michael, who has an IQ of 60, is able to do complex calculations in his head, regardless of the size of the numbers. When he is with his family and friends, he does not engage socially; he focuses on his numerical calculations. Which of the following best describes these characteristics?

savant syndrome

A student who obtained a percentile rank of 75 on an achievement test is best characterized as having

scored higher than 75% of the test takers

Barbara is a talented architect. On which type of intelligence will she most heavily rely to complete her next building design?

spatial

Language refers to the

spoken, written, or signed words and the ways they are combined to communicate meaning

On an intelligence test, the number of questions an individual answers correctly is meaningless without which of the following?

standardization

To combine words into grammatically sensible sentences, we need to apply proper rules of

syntax

Research on stereotype threat indicates that students might not do as well as they can on a test if

they are informed that people of their ethnicity, age, or gender usually do not perform well on the tests