AP Psychology Unit 8 Test Questions

Which of the following suggests that the experience of emotion results from an awareness of our own physiological responses to an emotion-arousing event? a. Cannon-Bard theory b. catharsis hypothesis c. James-Lange theory d. adaptation-level phenomenon e. relative deprivation principle

a. Cannon-Bard theory

Lee believes that for every 3500-calorie reduction in his diet he will lose one pound. Why is Lee incorrect? a. Lee's body will react as if it is being starved, causing his basal metabolic rate to drop. b. Lee's belief does not take into account that his fat cells will not become smaller. c. Lee assumes that dieting alone will lead to weight loss. d. Lee is ignoring the role of the PYY gene, which doubles the risk of becoming obese. e. Lee should remember that caloric intake is a minor factor in weight gain or loss.

a. Lee's body will react as if it is being starved, causing his basal metabolic rate to drop.

Which researcher believed that our body's responses were not distinct enough to evoke different emotions? a. William James b. Paul Ekman c. Walter Cannon d. Stanley Schachter e. Carroll Izard

a. William James

A need refers to a. a physiological state that usually triggers motivational arousal. b. an aroused or activated state that is often triggered by a psychological need. c. anything that is perceived as having positive or negative value in motivating behavior. d. a desire to perform a behavior as a result of rewards or threats of punishment. e. a rigidly patterned behavioral urge characteristic of all people

a. a physiological state that usually triggers motivational arousal.

Which theory would be most likely to predict that rats are motivated to explore precisely those areas of an experimental maze where they receive mild electrical shocks? a. arousal theory b. hierarchy of needs theory c. instinct theory d. drive-reduction theory e. two-factor theory

a. arousal theory

The two-factor theory of emotion places more emphasis on the importance of ________ than does the James-Lange theory. a. cognitive activity b. subjective well-being c. physiological arousal d. catharsis e. stress

a. cognitive activity

According to the Cannon-Bard theory, the body's arousal is related to the sympathetic nervous system in the same way that subjective awareness of emotion is related to the a. cortex. b. hypothalamus. c. thalamus. d. parasympathetic nervous system. e. amygdala.

a. cortex.

Research on the physiological states accompanying specific emotions indicates that a. each emotion has a unique pattern of sympathetic nervous system activity. b. emotions such as happiness and surprise are accompanied by different blood pressure levels. c. different emotions involve activation of different brain circuits. d. every emotion has precisely the same pattern of limbic system activity. e. the amygdala uses different neurotransmitters in responding to different emotions.

a. each emotion has a unique pattern of sympathetic nervous system activity.

Chiana and her husband both want to feel and express greater warmth and affection for each other. They would be advised to spend time looking intently at one another's a. eyes. b. lips. c. hand gestures. d. body postures. e. nonverbal actions.

a. eyes.

Contemporary psychologists are most likely to consider ________ to be a human instinct. a. infant sucking b. curiosity c. the need to belong d. religious ritual e. the experience of flow

a. infant sucking

The two-factor theory of emotion would have difficulty explaining why a a. person comes to fear snakes after he sees someone else bitten by one. b. person's fear of snakes is reduced after she receives a calming tranquilizer. c. person automatically fears snakes even though he thinks they are attractive and harmless. d. person's fear of snakes is reduced after she learns that most snakes are harmless. e. person's fear of snakes would be more intense after an adrenalin shot.

a. person comes to fear snakes after he sees someone else bitten by one.

Ann was extremely angry at her boss. A brain scan would reveal more activity in Ann's a. right hemisphere. b. temporal lobe. c. occipital lobe. d. left hemisphere. e. cerebellum.

a. right hemisphere.

The specific body weight maintained automatically by most adults over long periods of time is known as the a. set point. b. refractory period. c. hypothalamic plateau. d. basal metabolic rate. e. homeostatic weight.

a. set point.

Relatively high levels of physiological arousal would most likely interfere with effectively a. solving a crossword puzzle. b. repeating the alphabet. c. riding a bicycle. d. washing dishes. e. enjoying a televised football game.

a. solving a crossword puzzle.

As her professor distributed the mathematics test to the class, Blair's heart started to pound and her palms began to sweat. These physiological reactions were activated by her ________ nervous system. a. sympathetic b. central c. somatic d. parasympathetic e. endocrine

a. sympathetic

Which division of the nervous system arouses the body and mobilizes its energy in emotionally stressful situations? a. sympathetic b. central c. somatic d. parasympathetic e. autonomic

a. sympathetic

The suggestion that we share a friend's feelings of joy if we smile with him or her best illustrates the logic of a. the Cannon-Bard theory. b. the adaptation-level phenomenon. c. the James-Lange theory. d. the catharsis hypothesis. e. the relative deprivation theory.

a. the Cannon-Bard theory.

Research on sex hormones and human sexual behavior indicates that a. the sexual desire of human females is somewhat lower at ovulation than at other times. b. male sex offenders typically have lower-than-normal testosterone levels. c. adult males who suffer castration experience a decline in their sex drive. d. sexual interests are aroused by decreased testosterone levels in women and increased testosterone levels in men. e. increasing sex hormones result from decreasing glucose levels.

a. the sexual desire of human females is somewhat lower at ovulation than at other times.

After being physically aroused by his daily three-mile run, Martin finds that he experiences stronger resentment if his wife asks for an unexpected favor and more intense romantic feelings if she kisses him. Martin's experience can best be explained by the a. two-factor theory. b. James-Lange theory. c. Cannon-Bard theory. d. catharsis hypothesis. e. adaptation-level principle.

a. two-factor theory.

When encouraged to eat as much as they want, people tend to eat less if the foods are offered in smaller rather than larger portion sizes. This illustrates a. unit bias. b. set point. c. refractory periods. d. basal metabolic rate. e. bulimia nervosa

a. unit bias.

Polygraphs are designed to measure the changes in breathing, cardiovascular activity, and perspiration that are thought to accompany specific emotions. Which theory of emotion best supports this assumption? a. James-Lange b. Cannon-Bard c. Schachter-Singer d. opponent-process e. fight or flight

b. Cannon-Bard

Which of the following research findings is consistent with the James-Lange theory of emotion? a. Facial expressions of emotion inhibit the conscious experience of emotion. b. Distinctly different patterns of brain activity are associated with distinctly different emotions. c. People with spinal cord injuries experience a considerable increase in the intensity of their angry feelings. d. Similar hormones are released during both anger and excitement. e. Most emotional experience results from amygdala activation.

b. Distinctly different patterns of brain activity are associated with distinctly different emotions

For a thirsty person, drinking water serves to reduce a. homeostasis. b. a drive. c. an instinct. d. the set point. e. basal metabolic rate.

b. a drive.

Professor Sanford explains that the need for physical safety must be met before city dwellers will be motivated to form close friendships with fellow citizens. Professor Sanford is providing an example of a. set points. b. a hierarchy of motives. c. homeostasis. d. erotic plasticity. e. instincts.

b. a hierarchy of motives.

According to Maslow, our need for a. love must be met before we are preoccupied with satisfying our need for food. b. adequate clothing must be met before we are preoccupied with satisfying our need for self-esteem. c. religious fulfillment must be met before we are preoccupied with satisfying our need for adequate housing. d. self-actualization must be met before we are preoccupied with satisfying our need for friendship. e. political freedom must be met before we are preoccupied with satisfying our need for economic security

b. adequate clothing must be met before we are preoccupied with satisfying our need for self-esteem.

People are especially good at quickly detecting facial expressions of a. love. b. anger. c. surprise. d. happiness. e. boredom.

b. anger.

The low-road pathway from the thalamus to the amygdala most directly contributes to emotional ________ responses. a. conscious b. automatic c. self-controlled d. slowly developed e. cathartic

b. automatic

Unlike the low-road brain pathway, the high road for emotional responses extends through the a. thalamus. b. cortex. c. hypothalamus. d. cerebellum. e. hippocampus.

b. cortex.

Home-life satisfaction is more strongly predictive of well-being in wealthy nations than in poor ones. This fact would be most clearly anticipated by a. arousal theory. b. hierarchy of needs theory. c. instinct theory. d. evolutionary theory. e. incentive theory.

b. hierarchy of needs theory.

Which theory of motivation most clearly emphasizes the importance of genetic predispositions? a. drive-reduction theory b. instinct theory c. hierarchy of needs theory d. arousal theory e. incentive theory

b. instinct theory

When a rat's blood sugar level decreases, the ________ hypothalamus releases the hunger-triggering hormone ________. a. lateral; obestatin b. lateral; orexin c. medial; obestatin d. ventromedial; orexin e. medial; testosterone

b. lateral; orexin

Emotional disgust is to emotional delight as ________ is to ________. a. blood sugar decrease; blood sugar increase b. right prefrontal cortex activation; left prefrontal cortex activation c. sympathetic nervous system; parasympathetic nervous system d. the relative deprivation principle; the adaptation-level principle e. release of epinephrine; release of nor epinephrine

b. right prefrontal cortex activation; left prefrontal cortex activation

Alyssa's home was broken into and many items were taken. After the break-in, Alyssa was afraid to be at home alone and so installed a new alarm system. Abraham Maslow would suggest that Alyssa is trying to satisfy her a. physiological needs. b. safety needs. c. belongingness needs. d. esteem needs. e. self-actualization needs.

b. safety needs.

When confronted by an armed robber, your emotional arousal is likely to be accompanied by a. decreases in blood sugar levels. b. slowing of digestion. c. increases in salivation. d. constriction of pupils to increase visual acuity. e. decreases in respiration rate.

b. slowing of digestion

Walking home from work late one night, Jaydra suddenly hears footsteps behind her. Her heart pounds, her muscles tense, and her mouth goes dry. These bodily responses are activated by her ________ nervous system. a. central b. sympathetic c. parasympathetic d. somatic e. stressor

b. sympathetic

According to the Cannon-Bard theory, body arousal is related to the subjective awareness of emotion in the same way as the ________ is related to the ________. a. parasympathetic nervous system; thalamus b. sympathetic nervous system; cortex c. thalamus; hypothalamus d. cerebellum; cortex e. parasympathetic nervous system; sympathetic nervous system

b. sympathetic nervous system; cortex

The James-Lange theory of emotion states that a. to experience emotion is to be aware of our physiological responses to an emotion-arousing event. b. the expression of emotion reduces our level of physiological arousal. c. an emotion-arousing stimulus simultaneously triggers both physiological arousal and the subjective experience of emotion. d. to experience emotion we must be physically aroused and able to cognitively label the emotion. e. cognitive experiences of emotion determine the extent of our physiological arousal.

b. the expression of emotion reduces our level of physiological arousal.

Which of the following best describes task performance? a. It is best when physiological arousal is moderate. b. It is worst when physiological arousal is moderate. c. It is best when physiological arousal is low. d. It is best when physiological arousal is high. e. It is mediocre when physiological arousal is moderate

c. It is best when physiological arousal is low.

Nikolaus, a high school junior, is on both the track and golf teams. How will a high level of physiological arousal affect his running the 100-meter dash and his accuracy in making long putts in a golf tournament? a. It will have no effect on his running and will interfere with his putting. b. It will enhance his running and will enhance his putting. c. It will enhance his running and will interfere with his putting. d. It will interfere with his running and will enhance his putting. e. It will enhance his running and will have no effect on his putting

c. It will enhance his running and will interfere with his putting.

Research has shown that neck-level spinal cord injuries reduce the intensity of certain emotional experiences. This finding supports the a. Cannon-Bard theory. b. adaptation-level principle. c. James-Lange theory. d. catharsis hypothesis. e. relative deprivation principle.

c. James-Lange theory.

Which of the following is most clearly NOT an example of an incentive? a. social disapproval b. a romantic movie c. a low blood glucose level d. the smell of rotten eggs e. a day of vacation

c. a low blood glucose level

Observers watching angry faces show less brain activity in the ________ than do those watching fearful faces. a. cerebellum b. thalamus c. amygdala d. hippocampus e. medulla

c. amygdala

Ivan just spent an evening watching movies involving attractive women who actually seemed to enjoy being sexually coerced. This experience is most likely to lead him to a. see his own girlfriend as sexually unreceptive. b. perceive himself as sexually impotent. c. be more willing to hurt women. d. feel unsure about his gender identity. e. view sexual promiscuity as morally wrong.

c. be more willing to hurt women.

Whether we feel angry or depressed in response to a low grade on a test depends on whether we attribute the poor grade to an unfair test or to our own low intelligence. This best illustrates that emotions are influenced by a. physical arousal. b. relative deprivation. c. cognitive appraisals. d. genetic predispositions. e. moral judgments.

c. cognitive appraisals.

The parasympathetic nervous system is to the sympathetic nervous system as ________ is to ________. a. raising of blood sugar; lowering of blood sugar b. inhibition of digestion; activation of digestion c. contraction of pupils; dilation of pupils d. increasing blood pressure; decreasing blood pressure e. heightened respiration rate; lowered respiration rate

c. contraction of pupils; dilation of pupils

An aroused or activated state that is often triggered by a physiological need is called a(n) a. instinct. b. incentive. c. drive. d. set point. e. requirement.

c. drive

Basal metabolic rate is the body's resting rate of a. drive reduction. b. insulin secretion. c. energy expenditure. d. homeostasis. e. motivation

c. energy expenditure.

Research on the sexual response cycle indicates that a. males and females experience an equally long refractory period following orgasm. b. women undergo a decrease in physiological arousal more slowly if they have experienced orgasm than if they have not. c. enough sperm may be released prior to male orgasm to enable conception. d. during the resolution phase, sexual excitement increases in females but decreases in males. e. the sexual response and interest cycle decreases rapidly in middle age.

c. enough sperm may be released prior to male orgasm to enable conception.

Which of the following emotional reactions is most likely to precede any conscious thinking? a. hatred b. love c. fear d. depression e. regret

c. fear

When people with severe obesity undergo bypass surgery that seals off part of the stomach, the remaining stomach then produces much less a. PYY. b. orexin. c. ghrelin. d. insulin. e. glucose.

c. ghrelin.

A polygraph examination of a suspected murderer included an assessment of his reaction to a detailed description of the victim's clothing and death wounds—details that would be known only to a person at the scene of the crime. The investigators were using the a. catharsis hypothesis. b. facial feedback effect. c. guilty knowledge test. d. adaptation-level phenomenon. e. two-factor theory.

c. guilty knowledge test.

Men are more likely to experience nocturnal emissions if they a. have a sexually transmitted infection. b. use contraceptives as a means of preventing pregnancy in their mates. c. have not experienced orgasm recently. d. dream about nonsexual events. e. masturbate frequently.

c. have not experienced orgasm recently.

A psychologist would have the greatest difficulty differentiating between anger and fear by monitoring the ________ associated with each. a. hormone secretions b. finger temperatures c. heart rates d. brain activity e. cognitive experiences

c. heart rates

The smell of chocolate chip cookies draws you into the kitchen to eat some. Which theory best explains your motivation? a. instinct b. drive-reduction c. incentive d. optimum arousal e. hierarchy of needs

c. incentive

Ancel Keys and his colleagues observed that men on a semistarvation diet a. became apathetic and lost interest in food. b. remained interested in food but avoided talking or thinking about it. c. lost interest in sex and social activities. d. became increasingly preoccupied with political and religious issues. e. shifted cognitive focus away from food toward more accessible goals.

c. lost interest in sex and social activities.

When we are too hot, we perspire in order to lower our body temperature and thereby a. preserve body warmth. b. arouse drives. c. maintain homeostasis. d. lower the set point. e. regain incentives.

c. maintain homeostasis.

Food deprivation is to ________ as hunger is to ________. a. homeostasis; thirst b. incentive; instinct c. need; drive d. motivation; emotion e. anorexia; bulimia

c. need; drive

Lack of body fluids is to cold water as ________ is to ________. a. need; incentive b. drive; incentive c. need; drive d. instinct; set point e. homeostasis; refractory period

c. need; drive

During a state of emotional arousal, the adrenal glands release ________ into the bloodstream. a. insulin b. acetylcholine c. norepinephrine d. glucose e. testosterone

c. norepinephrine

The World Health Organization defines ________ as a BMI of 30 or more. a. anorexia b. high cholesterol c. obesity d. hypertension e. bulimia

c. obesity

In one experiment, college men were injected with epinephrine before spending time with either a joyful or an irritated person. The results of this experiment support the idea that a. some emotions can be experienced apart from cognition. b. there are subtle but distinct physiological differences among the emotions. c. our experience of emotion depends on how we interpret the body's arousal. d. happiness is largely a function of experience. e. activation of the sympathetic nervous system alone does not influence emotion.

c. our experience of emotion depends on how we interpret the body's arousal.

Mr. Hanson is strongly suspected of embezzling money from his employer. He has denied the allegation. To determine whether he is lying, investigators are most likely to ask Mr. Hanson to take a(n) ________ test. a. electrocardiograph b. electroencephalograph c. polygraph d. myograph e. tomograph

c. polygraph

An incentive is a a. rigidly patterned behavior characteristic of an entire species. b. state of deprivation that triggers arousal. c. positive or negative environmental stimulus that motivates behavior. d. state of arousal triggered by deprivation. e. basic need listed on the lower levels of Maslow's hierarchy

c. positive or negative environmental stimulus that motivates behavior.

Although newspapers reported that a murder victim had been stabbed with a knife, two police investigators knew that the actual murder weapon was a letter opener. While carefully monitoring the changes in the heart rate and perspiration level of a prime suspect, the investigators asked him if he typically used a letter opener on his mail. The investigators were making use of the a. two-factor theory. b. adaptation-level phenomenon. c. relative deprivation principle. d. guilty knowledge test. e. catharsis hypothesis.

c. relative deprivation principle.

Maslow referred to the needs for purpose and meaning that lie beyond the self as a. belongingness needs. b. self-esteem needs. c. self-transcendence needs. d. self-actualization needs. e. homeostasis needs.

c. self-transcendence needs.

Researchers wanting to stimulate distinct, specific emotions would be most successful if they could do which of the following? a. manipulate heart rates b. change internal body temperature c. stimulate different brain regions d. modify the secretion of adrenaline e. increase respiration rate

c. stimulate different brain regions

Campa Indians in Peru consider roasted ants a delicious delicacy, but this is not the case for most North Americans. This best illustrates a. the impact of unit bias on the foods we choose to eat. b. the role our basal metabolic rate plays in food choices. c. the influence of culture on food preferences. d. the complex interaction of appetite hormones and brain activity. e. our basic need to have our physiological needs met.

c. the influence of culture on food preferences.

Noticing that his heart was pounding and that his palms were sweaty while he was taking a difficult test, Harley concluded that he was "anxious." Noticing that his heart was pounding and that his palms were sweaty when an attractive lady asked him to dance, Harley concluded that he was "falling in love." The differing emotions experienced by Harley can best be explained by the a. relative deprivation principle. b. James-Lange theory. c. two-factor theory. d. catharsis hypothesis. e. adaptation-level principle.

c. two-factor theory.

People's preferences for sweet tastes are ________, and their preferences for excessively salty tastes are ________. a. needs; incentives b. incentives; needs c. universal; learned d. learned; universal e. instinctual; conditioned

c. universal; learned

Which of the following statements would be the BEST advice for people who plan to lose weight by going on a restricted diet? a. "The second diet is always easier than the first." b. "Use soft drinks to reduce your hunger between meal times." c. "Avoid eating during the day so you can enjoy a big meal in the evening." d. "Eat simple meals that include only a few different foods." e. "Concentrate on eating animal-based proteins rather than plant-based proteins"

d. "Eat simple meals that include only a few different foods."

Which of the following is the best example of set point? a. Ashlena loves to try spicy and exotic foods. b. The smell of freshly baked bread compelled Sydnee to head for the kitchen. c. While on a diet Lillie could think only about her next meal. d. After losing 25 pounds, Shelby found that he began to put the weight back on. e. Melanie is a natural nurturer and loving mother to her 2-year-old twins.

d. After losing 25 pounds, Shelby found that he began to put the weight back on.

The idea that an emotion-arousing stimulus is simultaneously routed to the cortex and to the sympathetic nervous system is central to the a. James-Lange theory. b. relative deprivation principle. c. two-factor theory. d. Cannon-Bard theory. e. catharsis hypothesis.

d. Cannon-Bard theory.

Which theory would be most threatened by evidence that highly similar patterns of physiological activity are associated with uniquely different emotional states? a. two-factor theory b. Cannon-Bard theory c. catharsis theory d. James-Lange theory e. adaptation-level phenomenon

d. James-Lange theory

An integrated understanding of rising obesity rates in terms of set points, culturally learned taste preferences, and the ready availability of large food portions is best illustrated by a. homeostasis. b. the evolutionary perspective. c. instinct theory. d. a biopsychosocial approach. e. a cognitive-behavioral approach.

d. a biopsychosocial approach.

Research on the accuracy of lie detector tests indicates that they a. are rarely wrong. b. err about 10 percent of the time. c. err about one-third of the time. d. are no more accurate than a 50-50 coin toss. e. are more accurate when used on children rather than adults.

d. are no more accurate than a 50-50 coin toss.

The arousal theory of motivation would be most useful for understanding the aversive effects of a. refractory periods. b. set points. c. hunger. d. boredom. e. anorexia nervosa

d. boredom.

When viewing subliminally flashed words, we are especially likely to sense the presence of words such as a. mind. b. body. c. life. d. death. e. work.

d. death.

Increases in the hormone insulin lead to a. increasing estrogen levels. b. decreasing blood glucose levels. c. increasing PYY levels. d. decreasing orexin levels. e. increasing homeostasis levels.

d. decreasing orexin levels.

"Fat is stored energy to carry us through periods of famine." Which of the following psychological perspectives is most likely to emphasize this argument? a. biological b. cognitive c. behavioral d. evolutionary e. social-cultural

d. evolutionary

John has a BMI of 35 and is desperate to get it down to at least 25. He is trying a low-sugar, low-carbohydrate diet. John is likely to have difficulty losing weight while dieting because a. fat cells can be lost only with vigorous exercise. b. his resting metabolic rate will increase and prompt him to overeat. c. he has an unusually low set point for body weight. d. fat tissue can be maintained by fewer calories than can other body tissues. e. he needs to decrease the number of fat cells.

d. fat tissue can be maintained by fewer calories than can other body tissues.

Like evolutionary psychology, instinct theory most clearly assumed that behavior is influenced by a. homeostasis. b. set points. c. incentives. d. genetic predispositions. e. hierarchy of needs.

d. genetic predispositions.

Eva's boyfriend says he loves her, but she wants proof. To obtain the most trustworthy nonverbal signals of how he really feels, Eva should carefully observe a. his general body posture when he stands near her. b. the way he holds her hand when they walk together. c. how close he stands to her when they are talking. d. his facial expressions when they spend time together. e. the way he positions his legs when he sits near her.

d. his facial expressions when they spend time together.

The role of learning in motivation is most obvious from the influence of a. instincts. b. homeostasis. c. arousal. d. incentives. e. set points.

d. incentives.

Which theory has been accused of simply naming rather than explaining behaviors? a. drive-reduction b. set point c. arousal d. instinct e. incentive

d. instinct

If your close friend becomes obese, the odds of you likewise becoming obese increase. This best illustrates the impact of ________ on obesity. a. unit bias b. neophobia c. homeostasis d. social influence e. the hierarchy of needs

d. social influence

Bradley was romantically interested in Angel. Based on research by Stanley Schachter and Jerome Singer, if Bradley wishes to increase the odds that she will return his interest, he should a. take her to dinner at her favorite restaurant. b. play soft music for her on the piano. c. bring her a dozen red roses. d. take her rock climbing. e. buy a puzzle that they can both put together.

d. take her rock climbing.

Women's sexual receptivity differs from that of nonhuman female mammals in being more responsive to ________ levels than to estrogen levels. a. glucose b. orexin c. PYY d. testosterone e. insulin

d. testosterone

Homeostasis, which is the goal of drive reduction, is defined as a. a desire to perform behavior in return for rewards. b. a rigidly patterned behavior characteristic of an entire species. c. an aroused or activated state that is often triggered by a physiological need. d. the body's tendency to maintain a constant internal state. e. a physical need that usually triggers motivational arousal.

d. the body's tendency to maintain a constant internal state.

Which theory states that emotion results from the cognitive labeling of our physiological arousal? a. adaptation-level b. relative deprivation c. Cannon-Bard d. two-factor e. catharsis theory

d. two-factor

Astrid was emotionally aroused by a TV horror movie. She became extremely angry when her younger brother momentarily blocked her view of the screen. When her movie viewing was interrupted by a phone call from her boyfriend, however, she experienced unusually intense romantic feelings. Astrid's different emotional reactions to her brother and her boyfriend are best explained by the a. catharsis hypothesis. b. James-Lange theory. c. adaptation-level principle. d. two-factor theory. e. Cannon-Bard theory.

d. two-factor theory.

The spillover effect is best explained in terms of the a. relative deprivation principle. b. catharsis hypothesis. c. adaptation-level phenomenon. d. two-factor theory. e. well-being theory

d. two-factor theory.

Which of the following is an example of a person experiencing ostracism? a. Joan is being required by her parents to attend a summer camp she does not like. b. Myron has been experiencing low self-esteem since he was not admitted to his favorite college. c. Will was selected by his school to participate in a district-wide seminar on bullying. d. Sidra was upset since learning that she only has the fourth highest GPA in the senior class. e. Aaron was frequently ignored in the locker room by his teammates who were angry with him

e. Aaron was frequently ignored in the locker room by his teammates who were angry with him

Our most rapid and automatic emotional responses may result from the routing of sensory input through the thalamus directly to the a. hippocampus. b. hypothalamus. c. cerebellum. d. brainstem. e. amygdala.

e. amygdala.

It is characteristic of robins to build nests. This is an example of a. a set point. b. homeostasis. c. a drive. d. a need. e. an instinct.

e. an instinct.

Which of the following is LEAST likely to occur when you are evacuated from a building that is on fire? a. pupils dilate b. digestion is inhibited c. adrenal glands produce noradrenaline d. respiration increases e. heart rate slows

e. heart rate slows

Internal push is to external pull as ________ is to ________. a. incentive; set point b. homeostasis; drive reduction c. instinct; need d. need; drive e. need; incentive

e. need; incentive

For purposes of lie detection, investigators have most commonly made use of a(n) a. electrocardiograph. b. electroencephalograph. c. myograph. d. tomograph. e. polygraph.

e. polygraph.

The idea that one should be alert but not overly aroused to perform best on a test is most closely related to which of the following? a. homeostasis b. instinct theory c. incentives d. a hierarchy of motives e. the Yerkes-Dodson law

e. the Yerkes-Dodson law

The time span after orgasm during which a male cannot be aroused to another orgasm is called a. the plateau phase. b. coitus interruptus. c. the set point. d. homeostasis. e. the refractory period.

e. the refractory period.

When students perceive the arousal that accompanies test-taking as energizing rather than debilitating, they experience much less anxiety. This is best understood in terms of the a. relative deprivation principle. b. James-Lange theory. c. adaptation-level principle. d. catharsis hypothesis. e. two-factor theory

e. two-factor theory