AP World History Ch. 29 Multiple Choice

What was Chiang Kai-shek's initial role within the Chinese Nationalist Party? a. Head of the Whampoa Military Academy b. Delegate to the League of Nations c. Representative at the Treaty of Versailles d. Family head of the Green Gang e. Ambassador to the United States

a. Head of the Whampoa Military Academy

Which of the following political and military leaders was NOT involved in the Mexican Revolution in 1910? a. Juan Jose Arevalo b. Victoriano Obregon c. Emiliano Zapata d. Francisco Madero e. Pancho Villa

a. Juan Jose Arevalo

What group succeeded the initial revolutionary government of Russia? a. Lenin's Bolsheviks b. Bakunin's anarchists c. Kerensky's liberals d. Trotsky's conservatives e. Molotov's Mensheviks

a. Lenin's Bolsheviks

The center of the Communist Party in China from 1934 to the mid-1940s was a. Shaanxi province. b. Shandong c. Macao. d. Hunan province. e. Beijing.

a. Shaanxi province.

The Chinese Nationalist Party received much of its early foreign assistance from a. Soviet Russia. b. Britain. c. Japan. d. Germany e. the United States.

a. Soviet Russia.

Which of the following reforms was NOT included in the revolutionary constitution of 1917 in Mexico? a. State takeover of property belonging to the Catholic church b. Land reform c. Restrictions placed on clerical education d. Limited foreign ownership of key resources e. Guaranteed rights for workers

a. State takeover of property belonging to the Catholic church

What was the primary goal of Zapata's forces within the Mexican Revolution? a. Sweeping land reform b. Extension of the plantation economy in Oaxaca c. Industrialization d. Creating a Latin American regional federation e. The presidency for Zapata

a. Sweeping land reform

Which of the following statements concerning the economy of Europe during the "Roaring '20s" is NOT accurate? a. The United States lagged behind the European nations in both industrial production and mass consumption. b. New artistic movements began in Europe and spread across the Western world. c. Industrial production boomed. d. Mass consumption standards, based on ready availability of new products, rose. e. The worst inflationary pressures were resolved, though at the cost of wiping out the value of savings for many propertied groups.

a. The United States lagged behind the European nations in both industrial production and mass consumption.

Which of the following statements is most correct? a. The intensity of the Great Depression had no similar precedence in the history of industrial society. b. The intensity of the Great Depression had similar precedence in the history of industrial society. c. The Great Depression's duration was typical of most economic failures. d. The effects of the Great Depression were hardest in the U.S.S.R. e. Most world governments saw the Depression coming, but were unable to affect it.

a. The intensity of the Great Depression had no similar precedence in the history of industrial society.

Following Sun Yat-sen's death in 1925, what group seized control of the Nationalist Party? a. Warlords and military chiefs b. Peasants c. Urban businessmen and merchants of the southern Chinese coast d. Communists e. A Japanese-led front group

a. Warlords and military chiefs

The communal holdings created as part of the program of land reform following the Mexican Revolution were called a. ejidos. b. playas. c. soldaderas. d. las casas. e. tierra libertad.

a. ejidos.

Who were the "Cristeros"? a. Members of the revolutionary elite who desired the establishment of a parliamentary democracy b. Conservative peasants backed by the church who fought to stop the slide toward secularism c. Radical members of the PRI Party under the leadership of Mardero d. Radicals who sought to overthrow the influence of Catholicism in Mexico

b. Conservative peasants backed by the church who fought to stop the slide toward secularism

Which of the following organizations and publications was NOT associated with the early Marxist movement in China? a. Chinese Communist Party b. Guomindang c. Communist Youth Corps d. New Youth e. Socialist Youth Corps

b. Guomindang

What impact did the Nationalist smashing of the workers' movement have on the development of the Communist Party in China? a. It destroyed the early communist movement, leaving only small cells of intellectuals and students. b. It allowed Mao's program of revolutionary activity among the peasants to come to the forefront. c. The slaughter of the workers in Shanghai had little impact, because the great concentration of workers was in Beijing. d. It forced the communists to become increasingly dependent on the Soviet Union. e. Mao and his followers had to flee to the Soviet Union and regroup.

b. It allowed Mao's program of revolutionary activity among the peasants to come to the forefront.

Who was the popular reformist president of Mexico who governed between 1934 and 1940? a. Diego Rivera b. Lazaro Cardenas c. Eligio Martinez d. Porfirio Diaz e. Pancho Villa

b. Lazaro Cardenas

In the eight months following the beginning of the Russian Revolution, what term could best be used to describe the revolutionary government? a. Reactionary b. Liberal c. Anarchist d. Conservative e. Communist

b. Liberal

Which of the following reforms was NOT included in the revolutionary constitution of 1917 in Mexico? a. Guaranteed rights for workers b. State takeover of property belonging to the Catholic church c. Limited foreign ownership of key resources d. Land reform e. Restrictions placed on clerical education

b. State takeover of property belonging to the Catholic church

In 1919, Sun Yat-sen returned to China and attempted to unify the various political organizations struggling for political influence in China by reorganizing the revolutionary movement under what name? a. The Socialist Youth Corps b. The Nationalist Party of China c. The Party of the Long March d. The May Fourth movement e. The Red Army

b. The Nationalist Party of China

Most of the members of the early May Fourth movement were a. merchants b. intellectuals and students. c. peasants. d. warlords. e. Communists.

b. intellectuals and students.

The Mexican Revolution began in a. 1919. b. 1901. c. 1910. d. 1914. e. 1920.

c. 1910.

Who was the leader of the Russian government after the March Revolution? a. Joseph Stalin b. Bakunin c. Alexander Kerensky d. Nicholas Romanov e. Leon Trotsky

c. Alexander Kerensky

In 1920 who was elected, bringing the Mexican Revolution to a close? a. Francisco Madero b. Pancho Villa c. Alvaro Obregon d. Emiliano Zapata e. Victoriano Huerta

c. Alvaro Obregon

An influential university reform movement began in a. Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. b. Santiago, Chile. c. Cordobá, Argentina. d. Mexico City, Mexico. e. Bogatá, Colombia.

c. Cordobá, Argentina.

What politician first challenged the Mexican government in 1910? a. Augustin Iturbide b. Porfirio Diaz c. Francisco Madero d. Pancho Villa e. Benito Juarez

c. Francisco Madero

What foreign power played a major factor in Chinese domestic history from the mid-1890s to 1945? a. Russia b. Vietnam c. Japan d. The United States e. Britain

c. Japan

Which of the following statements most accurately summarizes the state of Mexican political organization after the revolution? a. Two major parties developed, creating a bi-party system between left and right. b. Mexico was immediately dominated by labor parties who originated in the northern parts of Mexico. c. The revolutionary leadership institutionalized the regime by creating a one-party system under PRI. d. Presidents ruled much as the caudillos before them without limitation of powers or term of office. e. A multitude of political parties so confused the electoral scene that no meaningful political compromise could be achieved.

c. The revolutionary leadership institutionalized the regime by creating a one-party system under PRI.

How did early Chinese Marxist philosophy differ from Lenin's? a. The dictatorship of the proletariat would last forever. b. Chinese philosophers emphasized the role of the proletariat in the revolution. c. The study circle at the University of Beijing saw the peasants as the vanguard of revolution. d. Sun Yat-sen taught that the revolution could only occur after the complete industrialization of China. e. Chinese thinkers stressed the gradualist approach to political change.

c. The study circle at the University of Beijing saw the peasants as the vanguard of revolution.

The Nationalist Party's greatest failure was its inability to a. industrialize China. b. forge an alliance with Japan. c. deal with the social and economic crisis of the Chinese peasantry. d. rid itself of its ties to the Qing dynasty. e. create a military wing of the party.

c. deal with the social and economic crisis of the Chinese peasantry.

Early Marxist philosophers in China characterized all of China's society as a. Westernized. b. bourgeois. c. proletarian. d. peasant. e. capitalist.

c. proletarian.

Two events set in motion trends that would determine much of Latin America's subsequent history: World War I and a. the Perón era. b. the communist revolution in Cuba. c. the Mexican Revolution. d. the Russian Revolution e. World War II.

c. the Mexican Revolution.

An influential university reform movement began in a. Santiago, Chile. b. Bogatá, Colombia. c. Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. d. Cordobá, Argentina. e. Mexico City, Mexico.

d. Cordobá, Argentina.

What foreign power played a major factor in Chinese domestic history from the mid-1890s to 1945? a. Vietnam b. Britain c. Russia d. Japan e. The United States

d. Japan

The man who headed the study circle at the University of Beijing and who first gave serious attention to Marxist philosophy was a. Mao Zedong. b. Chiang Kai-shek. c. Li Bo. d. Li Dazhao. e. Yuan Shikai.

d. Li Dazhao.

What was the primary goal of Zapata's forces within the Mexican Revolution? a. Industrialization b. The presidency for Zapata c. Extension of the plantation economy in Oaxaca d. Sweeping land reform e. Creating a Latin American regional federation

d. Sweeping land reform

What made Chinese thinkers aware of a possible Marxist solution to China's ills? a. Frederick Engels's visit to China in 1912 b. The revolutions of 1848 c. The Russian revolution of 1905 d. The Russian revolution of 1917 e. The Japanese example

d. The Russian revolution of 1917

The revolutionary political regimes were based on councils of workers, or a. commissars. b. politburos c. glasnost. d. soviets. e. kulaks.

d. soviets.

Open warfare began between the communists and Nationalist Party following a. the announcement of Soviet Russian support for the Nationalist cause. b. the intervention of Japan on the side of the Nationalists. c. the communist assault on Beijing. d. the Nationalist slaughter of their former allies in Shanghai. e. the beginning of World War I.

d. the Nationalist slaughter of their former allies in Shanghai.

At the end of World War I, what nation emerged as the dominant foreign power in Latin America? a. Britain b. France c. Spain d. the United States e. Germany

d. the United States

The last Manchu emperor abdicated in a. 1945. b. 1939. c. 1900. d. 1923. e. 1912.

e. 1912.

Who emerged as the head of the Nationalist Party and de facto ruler of China by the late 1920s? a. Sun Yat-sen b. Yuan Shikai c. Mao Zedong d. Li Dizhao e. Chiang Kai-shek

e. Chiang Kai-shek

Which of the following was NOT a cause of the failure of the initial revolutionary government? a. The alliance with Britain and France b. Liberalism was not deeply rooted in Russia due to the lack of a substantial middle class. c. It wanted to continue Russian participation in World War I. d. The leaders hesitated to enact massive land reforms. e. It did not wish to establish parliamentary government.

e. It did not wish to establish parliamentary government.

Which of the following political and military leaders was NOT involved in the Mexican Revolution in 1910? a. Pancho Villa b. Victoriano Obregon c. Emiliano Zapata d. Francisco Madero e. Juan Jose Arevalo

e. Juan Jose Arevalo

What early Communist leader emphasized the role of the peasantry in revolutionary solutions to Chinese problems? a. Puyi b. Sun Yat-sen c. Yuan Shikai d. Chiang Kai-shek e. Mao Zedong

e. Mao Zedong

The man who had been in charge of the Mexican government since 1876 at the time of the Mexican Revolution was a. Francisco Madero. b. Lazaro Cardenas. c. Augustin Iturbide. d. Benito Juarez. e. Porfirio Diaz.

e. Porfirio Diaz.

What happened to the parliamentary government established in China by the Revolutionary Alliance in 1912? a. It entered into an alliance with Yuan Shikai and the Communist Party. b. The parliamentary government under the presidency of Sun Yat-Sen effectively governed northern China from the capital at Beijing for 20 years. c. It was overthrown by a Communist insurrection. d. The parliamentary government was overthrown by the Boxer rebellion. e. Sun Yat-sen resigned the presidency in favor of the northern warlord Yuan Shikai.

e. Sun Yat-sen resigned the presidency in favor of the northern warlord Yuan Shikai.

The leader of the Revolutionary Alliance, a loose coalition of anti-Qing political groups that spearheaded the 1911 revolt, was a. Yuan Shikai. b. Li Dazhao c. Mao Zedong. d. Chiang Kai-shek. e. Sun Yat-sen.

e. Sun Yat-sen.

Which of the following was included in the policy of "indigenism" that was incorporated into many of the post-revolutionary reforms in Mexico? a. The constitution was rewritten in 1917 to reflect the policy. b. Active attempts to Europeanize Mexican culture c. The removal of all evidence of Spanish heritage d. Intentional emulation of Soviet "socialist realism" e. The Mexican muralist movement featuring works of Diego Rivera and Jose Clemente Orozco

e. The Mexican muralist movement featuring works of Diego Rivera and Jose Clemente Orozco

The initial goal of the May Fourth movement was a. ridding China of all Western influences. b. Chinese subjection to Japan. c. ending the practice of Confucianism. d. Communist insurrection. e. the creation of a liberal democracy along Western lines.

e. the creation of a liberal democracy along Western lines.

The Long March refers to a. Chiang Kai-shek's assault on the communist stronghold in Beijing. b. the invasion of northern China by the U.S.S.R. in 1934. c. the humiliating exportation of Chinese prisoners to Japan. d. the Nationalist Party progression from minor movement to ascendancy in China. e. the march of 90,000 communists from Hunan to Shaanxi province.

e. the march of 90,000 communists from Hunan to Shaanxi province.

The best-positioned contenders for power in the aftermath of the abdication of the Qing were the a. university students. b. merchants and bankers of coastal cities. c. communists. d. secret societies. e. warlords or military commanders.

e. warlords or military commanders.