APE Study Guide

Edict of Nantes?

Granted French Huguenots the right to worship in 150 towns.

What changed around 1300 permitted a significant expansion in the movement of goods?

Improvements in ship design permitted year-round sailing

Who benefited from the Black Death

Merchants: demands for goods and food

Peace of Augsburg

Peasants Became either Lutheran or Catholic, depending on the preference of their prince.

Why did a unified Italian state fail to develop in the fifteenth centuary?

Political loyalty and feeling centered on a passionate attachment to the individual city-state.

France supported the Protestant princes of Germany in order to accomplish what?

Prevent Charles V from increasing his power.

Martin Luther's doctrine of salvation

Salvation came through faith alone as a free gift of God's grace.

What did Italian humanists stress?

Study of the classics for what they could reveal about human nature.

What was the fate of most people brought the Inquisition and accused of witchcraft?

They were sent home with a warning and ordered to do penance.

During the Great Schism, how did the power of Europe align themselves?

along traditional political alliances,with france and her allies supporting the french pope and the others favoring the italian pope

What purposes were served by sumptuary

are laws that attempt to regulate permitted consumption. Black's Law Dictionary defines them as "Laws made for the purpose of restraining luxury or extravagance, particularly against inordinate expenditures in the matter of apparel, food, furniture, etc.

Desiderius Erasmus

Desiderius Erasmus Roterodamus, known as Erasmus or Erasmus of Rotterdam, was a Dutch Renaissance humanist, Catholic priest, social critic, teacher, and theologian. Erasmus was a classical scholar and wrote in a pure Latin style.

John Calvin

John Calvin was an influential French theologian and pastor during the Protestant Reformation. He was a principal figure in the development of the system of Christian theology later called Calvinism.

What english weapon provided an advantage against the mounted French Knights in the battles of Poiters and Agincourt?

Long bow

How did Luther benefit from his appearence before the Holy Roman Emperor Charles V at the Deit of Worms?

Luther gained a larger audience for his reform ideas, and others began to challenge the church's teachings and practices.

What aided Martin Luther as his call for reform emerged?

Luther understood the power of the new printing press and authorized the publication of his works.

The Statue of Kilkenny attempted to do what?

The Statute of Kilkenny were a set of laws made by the English in 1367 to try and save the English colony in Ireland. The laws were made by the Lord Lieutenant of Ireland, Lionel of Antwerp, 1st Duke of Clarence. They were passed at a meeting of the Irish parliament held at Kilkenny.

The Reformation in England was primarily the result of what?

The dynastic and romantic concerns of Henry VIII.

The Spanish Inquisition was an attempt to do what?

established under Ferdinand & Isabella in 1480 to root out Moslems and Jews. Was a religious tribunal. Used very brutal methods. Aim to achieve religious conformity. Ferdinand used it for political purposes also. Helped ensure reconquista & expulsion of Jews. Those who converted and stayed were still often subjected to it. Later used in countries ruled by Spain to fight Protestantism. Ex. Netherlands where Calvinism active.

Early Renaissance Italian art....?

manifested corporate power.

According to Machiavelli, government should be judged on what?

proveded order, security, and safety of the populace.

What were the achievements of the Avigon popes before the Great Schism?

the Avignon popes firmly established papal authority over secular princes

What chararcteristic distinguished the English Parliament from other represenative assemblies?

the nobles participated in the legislature rather than simply bringing their cases directly to the king

On the Iberian Peninsula, what was the social position of African slaves?

the result of the Italians' failure to coordinate a common defense.