APES Chapter 10 Moodle

In 2005___________ was the fifth largest city in the world with 18.2 million people. By 2015, this city's population is projected to be 21.9 million, which will make it the second largest city in the world. Select one: A. Mumbai (Bombay), India B. Mexico City, Mexico C. Calcutta, India D. Shanghai, China E. New York, U.S.A.

A. Mumbai (Bombay), India

What is gentrification? Select one: A. The movement of wealthier people back to older, run-down homes that have been renovated. B. The remaining of people in the city and older suburbs who find themselves the victims of declining property values and increasing isolation from suburban jobs. C. The movement of more affluent citizens to the suburbs to avoid the noise and pollution of inner cities. D. The remaining of people in the inner city because of prejudice encountered when they seek to move out to suburban neighborhoods. E. The movement of people to the suburbs to pay less in terms of taxes but more in terms of transportation costs.

A. The movement of wealthier people back to older, run-down homes that have been renovated.

Compact development benefits the environment in all of the following ways except: Select one: A. reversing the trend towards urbanization B. reducing air pollution C. preserving rural areas D. utilizing brownfields, rather than natural habitats, for further development E. minimizing the reliance on personal motor vehicles

A. reversing the trend towards urbanization

Currently the percentage of people living in cities, compared with rural settings, in highly developed countries is __________ than that in developing countries. Select one: A. less than B. greater than C. the same as D. rapidly increasing while slowing E. stagnant while slowing

B. greater than

Designing and constructing buildings that are made of recycled materials, and are energy efficient and economical, is a trend called: Select one: A. friendly construction B. green architecture C. environmental building D. passive design E. ecology construction

B. green architecture

Land use in many cities is based on economic concerns. Which urban area would be charged the highest taxes? Select one: A. residential property nearest the central business district B. the central business district C. land-intensive businesses D. residential property in the suburbs E. infrastructure property such as schools, prisons, & water treatment plants

B. the central business district

The National Science Foundation has two long-term research (LTER) sites (Baltimore and Phoenix) to gather information on: Select one: A. interactions among humans in urban settings B. the ecological effects of humans on their urban environment C. the effects of natural disasters on plant and animal populations D. public awareness of environmental policy decisions E. the flow of money into and out of the urban region

B. the ecological effects of humans on their urban environment

Which of the following is true regarding the susceptibility of large cities (population size above 5 million) to damage caused by global climate change? Select one: A. they are not vulnerable, because they are protected by extensive infrastructure B. they are extremely vulnerable, because of their close proximity to coastlines C. they are not vulnerable, because many of them are located in the northern hemisphere D. they are extremely vulnerable, because many of them are located in arid climates E. they are not vulnerable, because most of them are located in areas forecasted to experience little, if any, future change in climate

B. they are extremely vulnerable, because of their close proximity to coastlines

Which of the following statements concerning urbanization is not correct? Select one: A. Urban and rural areas often have different proportions of males and females. B. To urban ecologists, technology refers to human inventions that directly affect the urban environment. C. Most workers in cities in the United States have to commute only one or two miles from home to work. D. Growing urban areas impact land-use patterns and water drainage. E. Factories and commercial enterprises in urban areas cause a buildup of airborne emissions.

C. Most workers in cities in the United States have to commute only one or two miles from home to work.

Transportation has affected the spatial structures of cities because: Select one: A. as cities grow, a grid must be maintained for street development B. as cities grow, a plan must be in place to evenly distribute the accumulation of heat from automobile use C. as cities grow, they expand along public transportation routes D. as cities grow, they expand in the direction of waterways E. as cities grow, the dependence on transportation is lessened

C. as cities grow, they expand along public transportation routes

Which event(s) corresponded with a rapid increase in the population growth rate of Las Vegas, NV? Select one: A. the end of World War II B. completion of the trans-continental railroad C. construction of Hoover Dam D. recent climate change E. all of these

C. construction of Hoover Dam

The process in which people increasingly move from rural areas to densely populated cities is termed: Select one: A. high density accommodation B. rural redistribution C. urbanization D. metropolitan relocation E. municipality magnetism

C. urbanization

__________ is an excellent example of a city with rapid spread of urban sprawl while _________ is a good example of a city that avoided the problem of suburban sprawl. Select one: A. Curitiba, Brazil / Tokyo, Japan B. New York, NY / Calcutta, India C. Mexico City, Mexico / Mumbai (Bombay), India D. The Greater Atlanta area, GA / Portland, OR E. Chicago, IL / The Greater Atlanta area, GA

D. The Greater Atlanta area, GA / Portland, OR

Which of the following statements is not true about cost differences between urban and suburban areas? Select one: A. People in "central business districts" of cities typically pay higher taxes. B. People in suburbs often pay less in transportation costs. C. People in suburban areas typically pay higher taxes. D. The less affluent seek housing away from the city to avoid high taxes. E. none of these

D. The less affluent seek housing away from the city to avoid high taxes.

What do brownfields have in common with dust domes? Select one: A. both are environmental problems associated with rural areas B. both are environmental problems associated with previous chemical contamination C. both are environmental problems associated with the buildup of pollution D. both are environmental problems associated with urban areas E. both are environmental problems associated with high temperatures

D. both are environmental problems associated with urban areas Correct

Many major U.S. cities face similar problems. They include all of the following except: Select one: A. traffic congestion B. suburban sprawl C. urban renewal forcing the poor out of neighborhoods D. compact development E. school funding issues

D. compact development

Curitiba's improved living conditions and decreasing environmental impact come from all of the following except: Select one: A. a Garbage Purchase program B. development of an extensive series interconnected parks C. development of inexpensive, efficient mass transit D. sharply curtailed population growth E. cleaner air

D. sharply curtailed population growth

A patchwork of vacant and developed tracts around the edges of cities that contain a low population density is considered: Select one: A. smart growth B. sustainable development C. green architecture D. suburban sprawl E. compact development

D. suburban sprawl

Which of the following terms is used to describe an urbanized core region that consists of several adjacent cities or megacities and their surrounding developed suburbs? Select one: A. brownfield B. suburban agglomeration C. county D. urban agglomeration E. none of these

D. urban agglomeration

Urban heat islands affect local air current and weather conditions including: 1) increased number of thunderstorms over cities in summer months 2) lingering dust domes over cities 3) stronger natural disasters such as earthquakes and hurricanes 4) extreme cold temperatures in the winter and record setting heat in summer Select one: A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4 E. Both 1 and 2

E. Both 1 and 2 Correct

All of the following historical events have led to movement of people into cities except: 1) development of agriculture 2) the American Revolution 3) the Industrial Revolution 4) a search for jobs associated with natural resource extraction Select one: A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4 E. Both 2 and 4

E. Both 2 and 4

What effect would zoning have on an individual who wants to build and operate a five-story department store above their garage? 1) The individual could operate a commercial business in a residential neighborhood as long as all of the homes were zoned as shopping centers. 2) The individual could operate a commercial business over the garage because he owns the land zone below. 3) The individual could not operate a commercial business on his residence because zoning restricts areas to specific land uses - commercial, residential or industrial 4) The individual could not build a five-story store on his residence because zoning ordinances regulate building height among other things. Select one: A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4 E. Both 3 and 4

E. Both 3 and 4

Mexico City: Select one: A. is representative of urbanization in a developing country B. is a good example of a megacity C. was one of the 10 largest cities in the world in 2005 D. had a population of 19.4 million in 2005 E. all of these

E. all of these

All of the following are negative effects of prolonged exposure to noise pollution except: Select one: A. hearing damage B. increased blood pressure C. increased frequency of heart disease D. psychological stress E. all of these can be caused by prolonged exposure to noise pollution

E. all of these can be caused by prolonged exposure to noise pollution

What percentage of the U.S. population lives in cities? Select one: A. 25% B. 50% C. 79% D. 85% E. 100%

NOT B

What is a valid conclusion given the following data? Developing Countries Highly Developed Countries Percentage of urban inhabitants in 2004 44% 74% Gender of urban inhabitants Higher ratio of males to females Higher ratio of females to males Rate of urban growth High Low Challenges of urban development High High Megacities Many Many Select one: A. Urbanization of developing countries is better than that of highly developed countries. B. Urbanization is a worldwide phenomenon. C. Females prefer urban living. D. Cities in highly developed and developing countries have exactly the same challenges. Incorrect E. Megacities are an artifact of highly developed countries.

NOT D

Which of the following are not environmental problems commonly associated with urban areas? Select one: A. brownfields B. compact development C. dust domes Incorrect D. urban heat islands E. all of these

NOT c