APES Unit 4 MCQ

Identify each of the following as a physical, behavioral, or physiologic adaptation. Many songbirds will raise their chicks together, so that each parent can help find food.

Behavioral

Identify each of the following as a physical, behavioral, or physiologic adaptation. Monarch butterflies will migrate into the forests of the Yucutan Peninsula of Mexico during the winter months of North America.

Behavioral

The birds, insects, plants, fungi, and other organisms that reside in a nearby wetland.

Biological community

Only the areas that life inhabit, from the upper crust of the Earth through the lower atmosphere.

Biosphere

A tour guide taking a group through Costa Rica describes it as a lush, moist, tropical rainforest.

Ecosystem

Convict tangs (Acanthurus triostegus) and powder blue tangs (Acanthurus leucosternon) each live in coral reefs and feed from the same algae.

Interspecific competition

Male ibex will battle each other for dominance and the ability to mate with the females in the herd.

Intraspecific competition

A white-tailed deer that wanders into your back yard.

Organism

Identify each of the following as a physical, behavioral, or physiologic adaptation. Gorillas are larger and more muscular than chimpanzees, allowing them to dominate any food sources along the ground.

Physical

Identify each of the following as a physical, behavioral, or physiologic adaptation. Certain fish living in Antarctica have special proteins in their cells that act as antifreeze.

Physiologic

All of the spur-throated grasshoppers living in the field directly behind the school.

Population

Coral polyps will use their tentacles to catch and eat plankton.

Predator-Prey

Some hermit crabs have sea anemones growing on their shell. While the anemone gets moved from place to place, it protects the crab from being eaten by cuttlefish.

Symbiosis - Mutualism

Only about a fifth of the species on Earth have been identified. Most of the species that have not yet been identified are probably... a) Insects b) Mammals c) Birds d) Reptiles or Amphibians

a) Insects

Which pattern of population growth takes the shape of an "S", and slows as it reaches the carrying capacity? a) Logistic growth b) Exponential growth c) Linear growth d) None of the above.

a) Logistic growth

Wolves and dogs are very closely related animals. Wolves have certain behaviors and physical adaptations as a result of ___________________. Dogs have different behaviors and physical features due to _____________________. a) Natural selection, artificial selection. b) Artificial selection, natural selection. c) Divergent speciation, convergent speciation. d) Convergent speciation, divergent speciation.

a) Natural selection, artificial selection.

Oxpecker birds feed on ticks growing on the backs of rhinoceros.

ab. Symbiosis - Commensalism

Remora are fish that attach themselves to the body of a shark. They feed on leftover scraps that fall from the mouth of the shark.

ab. Symbiosis - Commensalism

Cuckoos are birds that will knock the eggs out of a warbler's nest and lay its own. The warbler then unknowingly raises the cuckoo chicks.

ac. Symbiosis - Parasitism

Flying squirrels and sugar gliders have similar body designs - they both have flaps of skin under their arms and legs to help them glide slowly between trees. However, they live on different continents and are not that closely related. What is this an example of? a) Divergent speciation b) Convergent speciation c) Competition d) None of the above

b) Convergent speciation

Which pattern of population growth exceeds the carrying capacity, eventually causing a population crash? a) Logistic growth b) Exponential growth c) Linear growth d) None of the above.

b) Exponential growth

The Chatham Island robin is a small endangered bird found in scrub forests off the coast of New Zealand. The robin is preyed upon by introduced species such as cats and rats. In 1980, the population decreased to only 5 individuals and every individual today is a descendant of a single female. Which of the following is best illustrated in the decline of the Chatham Island robins? a) Carrying capacity b) Population bottleneck c) Population overshoot d) Type I survivorship

b) Population bottleneck

Members of an r-selected species characteristically a) grow slowly b) produce few offspring c) reach sexual maturity quickly d) have long life spans are very protective of their offsprings

b) produce few offspring

Which of these would be a density-dependent growth limiting factor that a population might experience as it approaches the carrying capacity of an ecosystem? a) Climate change b) A natural disaster, such as a hurricane. c) Greater rates of disease. d) Populations don't usually experience limiting factors like this.

c) Greater rates of disease.

Given the classification information to the right, what is the correctly formatted scientific name of the cougar? a) Puma Concolor b) felinae concolor c) Puma concolor d) Felidae concolor

c) Puma concolor

One example of a piece of evidence for evolution is the presence of vestigial structures. Which of these is an example of a vestigial structure? a) Humans, penguins, and crocodiles all have a humerus bone in their arm. b) The DNA of humans and primates is very similar. d) In humans, the appendix is shrunken and no longer necessary for survival. e) Peacocks will grow large and bright feathers to attract mates.

d) In humans, the appendix is shrunken and no longer necessary for survival.

The Devils Hole pupfish is one of the world's rarest fishes, spending most of its life in the top few meters of very warm waters of a cavern located in the middle of the Mojave Desert. Devils Hole, a geologic pool, is the only naturally occurring habitat for the endangered Devils Hole pupfish. This fish's habitat is one of the smallest natural ranges known for any vertebrate. Devils Hole is an extreme environment, with water temperatures and dissolved oxygen concentrations near the lethal limits for most fish species. Which of the following statements best explains why the Devils Hole pupfish are able to live in this environment? a) Climate change led to the death of other organisms at Devils Hole, reducing competition for the pupfish. b) Thermal inversions have limited the species diversity at Devils Hole, and only a few fish species can survive the high temperatures. c) A trophic cascade in the Devils Hole food chain decreased the number of pupfish predators. d) The pupfish are well adapted to the habitat of Devils Hole and can thrive in conditions that are outside of the range of tolerance for most other species.

d) The pupfish are well adapted to the habitat of Devils Hole and can thrive in conditions that are outside of the range of tolerance for most other species.

China experienced a great famine in 1958 that was partially due to the removal of Eurasian Tree Sparrows. These sparrows ate an insect called a locust. When the sparrows were removed, the locust population increased exponentially. In this example, the sparrows acted as ____________________ for the locust population. a) environmental resistance b) a density-dependent limiting factor c) a predator d) all of the above

d) all of the above