aphg ap test

Multiple Nuclei Model

C.D. Harris and E.L. Ullman

wish of the following forms of agriculture would best be described as extensive farming?

Cattle ranching and wheat farming

Peripheral Model

Chauncey Harris

Which of the following agricultural inputs were the most recent technological innovations employed in less developed countries during the Green Revolution?

Chemical fertilizers and pesticides

Concentric Zone Model

E.W. Burgess (oldest model)

What do the maps indicate regarding the political geography of the Aegean Sea?

Greece controls most of the islands in the Aegean Sea.

If Greece and Turkey adopted the UNCLOS system and expanded their territorial seas to 12 nautical miles, as shown in Map 2, which of the following scenarios best explains the resulting geographic pattern?

Greece would be required to guarantee the right of passage for ships transiting from the Dardanelles to the Mediterranean sea

Stage 1 migration transition

High daily or seasonal mobility in search of food

Stage 2 of migration transition

High international emigration and interregional migration from rural to urban areas

stage 3 migration transition

High international immigration and intraregional migration from cities to suburbs

Sector 5

High-class residential

Hinduism and Buddhism have their origins in South Asia. Much of Hinduism's population is concentrated in South Asia, whereas much of Buddhism's population has diffused to other parts of Asia. Which of the following best explains this difference in the cultural diffusion of Hinduism and Buddhism?

Hinduism is an ethnic religion concentrated in the region near it cultural hearth, and Buddhism is a universalizing religion that has spread to regions where the religion has been adopted

Sector Model

Hoyt

Which of the following statements best describes how the epidemiologic transition affects the demographic transition?

Improvements in nutrition, sanitation, and health care cause death rates to fall in stage 2 of the demographic transition.

which of the following describes a feature of the original central business district (CBD) found in most cities?

Land values are the highest of any zone in the metropolitan area.

Southwest Asia/Middle East

Location of first seed cultivation and wheat.

Sector 3

Low-class residential

sector 4

Middle-class residential

Which of the following terms best describes the political entity of the Republic of Ireland?

Nation-state

Which of the following best describes the roles of women in the rural, agricultural economies of sub-Saharan Africa?

Nonwage workers on small, family-run farms

Contagious Diffusion

Occurs when numerous places or people near the point of origin become adopters (or infected, in the case of a disease)

Hierarchical Diffusion

Occurs when the diffusion innovation or concept spreads from a place or person of power or high susceptibility to another in a leveled pattern

Stimulus Diffusion

Occurs when the innovative idea diffuses from its hearth outward, but the original idea is changed by the new adopters

national level

On a country-wide scale.

Which of the following is a likely outcome of gerrymandering?

Packing areas of minority group voters into a single legislative representative's district

secondary sector

Processing or refining of natural resources

Primary Sector

Production of raw materials or natural resource extraction

what is in the peripheral model

"edge cities" around the beltway there are nodes of consumer and business activities, manufacturing centers, air ports and amusement parks, urban areas consist of an inner city surrounded by large suburban areas

as Buddhism diffused through East Asia Buddhist traditions blended with local cultural customs to create distinct religious practices, such as Daoism in China and Shinto in Japan. Which of the following terms best describes this blending of cultural traditions?

Syncretism

Which of the following occurs when the cities in a country follow the rank-size rule and the country has a primate city?

The largest city is two times the population of the next-largest city.

Which of the following describes the process of creolization?

The mix of Native American, African, and European influences to create new cultural forms

Which of the following statements explains the characteristics of cities in a postindustrial economy?

The postindustrial city has a large share of offices housing technology and information services.

Debt-for-nature swaps are financial transactions in which a portion of a developing country's foreign debt is forgiven in exchange for local investments in environmental conservation measures. Which of the following explains the significance of debt-for-nature programs?

The programs provide a sustainable-development approach to reducing uneven levels of development between countries.

Christianity has expanded through repeated patterns of relocation diffusion to spread to the Americas. Which of the following explains the impacts of this diffusion on Christianity in the Americas?

The repeated relocations have resulted in a wide diversity of Christian religious beliefs and practices.

Which of the following terms best describes the spatial effects of the Internet on the global diffusion of culture?

Time-space convergence

Which of the following best describes the role of the federal state in a country's political organization?

To act as an overarching government for a collection subnational states allied for a common purpose

Which of the following explains why Bosnia and Herzegovina would want to join the European Union (EU)?

To benefit from the EU free trade zone and achieve economic and social stability

In 1798 Thomas Malthus argued that populations grew exponentially while food supplies grew arithmetically. Consequently, Malthus argued that food shortages would develop until famine and other checks slowed population growth. What statement correctly explains why Malthus' prediction did not come true in 1800s Europe?

Urbanization resulted in smaller household sizes, and the mechanization of agriculture increased food production

who wrote the central place theory

Walter Christaller

Stage 5 migration transition model

all residential migration may be of the city to city variety

Which of the following best explains the degree to which the Human Development Index (HDI) accurately calculates a country's level of economic development?

although the HDI factors in gross national income per capita, it also calculates indicators for health care and education to estimate the social aspects of development

4th Ring of the Concentric Zone Model

better residences, new homes, more spacious middle class

1st Ring of the Concentric Zone Model

central business

Sector 1

central business district

cultural differences within a country's population, such as different religions, languages, and ethnicities have political impacts and can best be used to describe as

centrifugal forces within a state

Municipal level

city, town, borough, and village

5th Ring of the Concentric Zone Model

commuter zone, suburbs

what term describes the food preferences, architecture, and land-use practices found in a particular region?

culture traits

Tertiary Sector

provision of services

In 2017 the Ivory Coast exported $5.6 billion worth of cocoa beans and cocoa-derived products, such as cocoa butter. This represented 55 percent of the country's exports and was worth four times the country's combined gold and oil exports in that year. Which of the following best explains the international trade economy of the Ivory Coast?

high level of dependency on a single agricultural commodity that increases natural economic risk during times of global economic crisis

the demographic transition sees to explain?

how differences in birth and death rates result in natural population change

Since 2000, people in the largest category of international migrants seeking asylum in a different country are best described as

individuals fleeing conditions of armed conflict

Although photovoltaic solar farms appear to be a free resource with few negative impacts, there are environmental problems related to this type of renewable energy production. Which statement explains the limits to the sustainability of solar panel farms to produce electricity for a city in a more developed country?

large amounts of land, permanently cleared of natural vegetation are needed

extensive land use

low inputs of labor and/or capital per square unit of land (ex: raising livestock)

Stage 4 migration transition model

movement from countryside to cities

which model is when people with the same ethnic background are likely to live near each other

multiple nuclei

indigenous people

natives of an area who have been conquered or dominated by others who came later

In the fundamentals of central place theory, which of the following terms is defined as the maximum distance a consumer will travel to acquire a good or service?

range

The United Nations Sustainable Development Goals do not mention population growth, but most of the goals will affect population growth. which of the following statements correctly explains a link between the sustainable development goals and population growth.

reducing infant mortality rates can lead to a desire to have a smaller family

As a less developed country's economy evolves, the size of the primary sector, the size of the secondary sector, and the size of the tertiary sectors fluctuate. Which of the following statements best describes the highest level of job-opportunity change as countries shift from the periphery to the semiperiphery level of development?

secondary sector employment increases as the demand for manufactured product increases

In the contemporary pattern of migration to cities in more developed countries, migrants are more likely to settle in

suburban areas

Which of the following best describes the difference in urban transportation issues faced by cities in different parts of the world?

the relatively low population density of north American cities encourages automobile use, sprawl, and traffic congestion

If Greece and Turkey adopted the UNCLOS system and expanded their territorial seas to 12 nautical miles, as shown in Map 2, which of the following would be true for a Turkish-owned oil tanker sailing into Greek territorial waters?

the ship could be stopped by Greece's coast guard for safety and environmental inspections

2nd Ring of the Concentric Zone Model

transition zone, immigrants, subdivided housing

sector 2

transportation and industry

Which of the following describes the perspective of environmental determinism?

A former scientific viewpoint stating that factors within the physical geography of a region shape the local population's culture and behaviors

what is the central place theory

geographical theory that seeks to explain the number, size, and location of human settlements in an urban system

intensive land use

heavy inputs of labor and/or capital per square unit of land (ex: feedlots, dairy farming)

Since 2000 the global pattern of international migration has resulted in most migrants seeking destinations that are best described as

urban and suburban areas

what is a common impact of urbanization regardless of a country's level of economic development?

urbanization creates a labor force with a diversity of job skills and compensation levels.

Which of the following best describes the pattern of coffee bean production at the global scale?

whithin tropical latitudes

3rd ring of the concentric zone model

working class, stable families

intensive subsistence farming

yields a large amount of output per acre, but will only provides living for farmers; usually in rice dominate areas of E and S Asia