Aplia 3.1 formal and informal fallacies

Which of the following best describes a fallacy?

A fallacy is a mistake in an argument's reasoning from its premises to its conclusion. Explanation:fallacy is a defect in an argument that consists in either a mistake in reasoning or the creation of illusion that makes a bad argument appear good. There are two ways that an argument may be defective: If an argument is defective, then either (1) it has false premises, or else (2) it commits a fallacy. If the only defect in an argument is false premises, then the argument does not commit a fallacy.

Which of the following is not true of fallacious arguments?

All fallacious arguments have false premises. Explanation:A fallacy is a defect in an argument that consists in either a mistake in reasoning or the creation of illusion that makes a bad argument appear good. There are two ways that an argument may be defective: If an argument is defective, then either (1) it has false premises, or else (2) it commits a fallacy. If the only defect in an argument is false premises, then the argument does not commit a fallacy.

Which of the following is not true of unsound arguments?

All unsound arguments commit a formal fallacy. Explanation:A defective argument is either unsound (if it is a deductive argument) or uncogent (if it is an inductive argument). Conversely, if an argument is either unsound or uncogent, then it either has false premises, or it commits a fallacy, or both. Because formal fallacies only occur when a standard deductive argument form employs an invalid arrangement of terms or statements, formal fallacies only occur in deductive arguments. In other words, all formal fallacies imply an unsound argument, but not all unsound arguments entail a formal fallacy.

Which of the following best describes the relationship between fallacies and the form of an argument?

Formal fallacies can be detected without regard to the content words of an argument. Explanation: There are two types of fallacies: formal and informal. Formal fallacies occur when a standard deductive argument form employs an invalid arrangement of terms or statements. Thus, formal fallacies can be detected by inspecting the form of the argument alone. By contrast, informal fallacies can only be detected by inspecting the content of the argument.

Which of the following best describes the relationship between informal fallacies and the content words of an argument?

Some fallacies cannot be detected without knowledge of key content words within the argument. Explanation:There are two types of fallacies: formal and informal. Formal fallacies occur when a standard deductive argument form employs an invalid arrangement of terms or statements. Thus, formal fallacies can be detected by inspecting the form of the argument alone. By contrast, informal fallacies can only be detected by inspecting the content of the argument.

Which of the following is not true of uncogent arguments?

Some uncogent arguments commit a formal fallacy. Explanation:A defective argument is either unsound (if it is a deductive argument) or uncogent (if it is an inductive argument). Conversely, if an argument is either unsound or uncogent, then it either has false premises, or it commits a fallacy, or both. Because formal fallacies only occur when a standard deductive argument form employs an invalid arrangement of terms or statements, formal fallacies only occur in deductive arguments. In other words, all formal fallacies imply an unsound argument (though not all unsound arguments entail a formal fallacy)

Suppose an argument commits an informal fallacy. Which of the following statements is false?

The fallacy can be detected by examining the form of the argument alone. Explanation:Informal fallacies can only be detected by inspecting the content of an argument. Formal fallacies only occur in deductive arguments. Informal fallacies may occur in either a deductive or an inductive argument.

Suppose an argument commits an informal fallacy. Which of the following statements is true?

The fallacy can be detected only by examining the content of the argument's statements. Explanation: Informal fallacies can only be detected by inspecting the content of an argument. Formal fallacies only occur in deductive arguments. Informal fallacies may occur in either a deductive or an inductive argument.