APUSH American Revolution Review
American's Forbidden
1. No banks or printed money. 2. Could only pay with specie. 3. No manufacturing.
Loyalists
1/3 of colonists were loyalists; Conservatives, the rich, cultured, ethnic and religious minorities, frontiersman, African Americans, and members of the Anglican church.
Sugar Act
1764. Placed a restriction on sugar and molasses which could only be bought from British West Indies, but it was smuggled.
Quartering Act
1765 - Required the colonials to provide food, lodging, and supplies for the British troops in the colonies.
Stamp Act
1765. Put a tax on all legal docs, newspapers, even playing cards which stamp had to be placed on. A widespread boycott of british goods unites the colonists more than they have ever been
Declaratory Act
1766- Mother country is in charge. "Bind you in all cases whatsoever"
Townsend Duties
1768- Taxed tea, glass, lead, paper and paint; enumerated list of products. The colonists boycott it and this is why Americans are coffee drinkers today. The New York Colony assembly said that they wouldnt enforce the Townsend duties so they were disbanded.
Tea Party
1773 Tea act tried to force Boston to buy cheap tea with small tax. Ships often were driven away across the continent. Annapolis burns a ship. Boston dumps 10000 dollars with of tea into the pay and now there is no going back, war is inevitable.
Quebec Acts
1774 1. Given ohio river valley and the ability to speak own language and practice their own religion. They did this to have an ally when revolution was inevitable.
Coercive Act
1774 1. Pays back tea. 2. Closes the ports of Boston. 3. Town meetings are outlawed. 4. Martial law is created because UK puts soldiers in Boston
1st Continental congress
1774. 12 colonies showed up. they agreed to petition the king once more. They realized to meet in one year. They all agreed to create a colonial militia. Lastly they boycotted all British goods.
Common Sense
1775. Paine writes to US farmers. He was to get soldiers such as the farmers as footsoldiers, He called the king a royal brute and said that people should have the power.
Saratoga
1777- Burgoyne surrendered, and this is the turning point as the French sent troops to aid the U.S
Sons of Liberty
A vigilante group that attacked those who complied with the stamp act, especially those who were the "stampers".
Admiralty Courts
Admiralty courts were courts not composed of peers but of British Admirals who assumed you were guilty, and you had little chance of getting proof 3000 miles away from home.
Olive Branch Petition
Begging England to take Colonists back.
Writs of Assistance
Blank search warrants that could be used at any time to search any person's home.
Lexington and Concord
British wanted the ammo from storage so that it did not fall in the colonials hands. They also wanted to capture John Hancock and Sam Adams. The British were ambushed twice and called the colonists cowards.
African Americans in war
Colonists also guaranteed their freedom. The north emancipated slaves. In truth, most things don't change though. British even sometimes resold the slaves.
Proclamation of 1763
Cut off the colonist from settling past Appalachian mountains. Britain places this in order to keep skirmishes with Indians at bay, and keeps colonists enclosed. Angers colonist who thought land was owed to them.
Benedict Arnold
Defected to British army as he was not paid and feared for his family's well being.
John Locke
Duty to rebel if government is unjust. Also said that we had inalienable rights which included life liberty health and property.
Committees of Correspondance
Exchanged letters betwixt the revolutionary ring leaders. These letters were smuggled carefully so that all would be on the same page.
Mercantilism
Export more than you import. Money = power, because of the fixed amount of money in the world. Colonies purpose were to feed the mother country more money.
Boston Massacre
Five die as the soldiers protect the custom house. John Adams defends the soldiers by saying the truth; they were provoked. 1770
Financing the War
France, Spain, and Dutch funded the money. They tried to mint continentals, which were worthless.
Gage
General who led attacks on Lexington and Breed's hill, dishonorably discharged for his decisions there.
Frontier Fighting
George Rogers Clark takes the British Ohio River Valley forts which allows the colonists to have claims to the land all the way to the mississippi river.
Declaration of Independance
Had a preamble. Had 27 grievances against the king. The idea of no slavery was edited out of it.
Howe
Had the pinscer movement which wasn't fulfilled by him.
Valley Forge
Hard winter, with colonial army left to die; 3000 did die. von Steuben was a prussian who made them men. Also Paine's the crisis inspired them and reminded them what they wre fighting for.
George the 3rd's Personality
He was dimwitted, erratic and rash. He placed other dimwitted people around him to feel better about himself. He didn't care about the colonies.
Salutary Neglect
Idea that the colonies benefited by being left alone, without too much British interference
Molasses Act
In 1733. All molasses has to come from British West Indies.
Lafayette/Yorktwon
Lafayette was a french field commander who helped Washington, and Washington nearly adopted him. Yorktown was were they surrended, Cornwallis was trapped by armies and French Navy.
Native Americas
Most fought for UK but there division would be bad for them eventually.
Stamp Act Congress
Nine colonies should up. Otis says no taxation without representation is tyranny. They send a wave of petitions to the king, but eventually the stamp act is repealed due to pleas from British merchants.
Navigation Acts
Only allowed British or Colonial ships in America's ports. Colonists could only trade with British.
Breed's hill
Outside Boston, devastating losses for British.
Privy Council
Reviewed U.S laws passed and wasn't a real threat but still denied the printing of paper money.
Gaspee Incident
Rhode Islanders burned the British ship stuck on the sand. They were sons of liberty who were caught red handed, but were "Not guilty" at a trial. 1772
Richard Henry Lee
Said they should be an independant state.
Journal of The Times
Sam Adams creates this journal that is used as propaganda to rile up the colonists against the British.
Women in the revolution
They took many roles for men on in addition to the "traditional" roles.
Dominion Theory
They were loyal to the king, but not to parliament.
British war strategy
Tried to capture washington. Captured Cities. Went south(which went poorly for them).
Actual representation vs. Virtual Representation
Virtual representation is where people had no say in government but were supposed to be represented by their members in Parliament who were supposed to represent the welfare for all their subjects. Actual is having a direct say in gov, being represented fairly.
Treaty of Paris
Went behind France's back. Neither side would keep their promises. John Jay, Ben Franklin, and John Adams were the negotiators. The British said they'd recognize the US as a nation and leave the colonies. the US said they'd give loyalists back their property and pay ofor the tea
George Mason
Wrote the Virginia Declaration of Rights which is inspiration for declaration of independance.
Civil war
one third were loyal, one third apathetic, and one third were rebellious.