APUSH Chapter 1 & 2 Review
What was the crop that became the staple of life in Mexico and South America?
Corn
Malinche has earned a place in history as: A. The Indian slave woman who served as Cortes's translator with the Mexicans. B. The woman whose name is synonymous with "traitor". C. The Indian who married one of Cortes's soldiers and traveled to Spain. D. The woman who was baptized with the Spanish name Dona Maria. E. All of these
E.
Men became conquistadors because they wanted to: A. gains God's favor by spreading Christianity. B. Escape dubious pasts. C. Seek adventure, as the heroes of classical antiquity had done. D. Satisfy their desire for gold. E. All of these.
E.
The development of the "three sister" farming on the southeast Atlantic seaboard did what?
It helped provide a rich diet that led to higher population densities.
Within a century after Columbus;s landfall in the New World, the Native American population was reduced by what percent?
90%
Identify the statement that is false: A. The Powhatans were extremely resistant to European-born maladies, unlike their other Indian counterparts. B. The Powhatans, despite their apparent cohesiveness, lacked the unity with which to make effective opposition to the well-organized whites. C. The Powhatans served no economic function for the Virginia colonists. D. Once the English settlers began growing their own food crops, the Powhatans had no valuable commodities to offer them in commerce. E. The Indian presence frustrated the colonists, they desperately wanted their land.
A.
After the second Anglo-Powhatan War, the Powhatan tribe: A. Were banned from their ancestral lands by the 1646 peace treaty. B. Were forced to live in separate, designated areas away from the white settlers. C. Were isolation by an early form of the reservation system. D. Considered extinct by the English in 1685. E. All of these.
E.
All of the following provided motives for English colonization EXCEPT: A. Unemployment B. Thirst for adventure C. Desire for markets D. Desire for religious freedom E. Need for a place to exploit slave labor.
E.
All of the following were true of England as the 17th century opened up EXCEPT: A. A large population boom B. Enclosing crop lands, forcing small farmers off the land C. Increasing unemployment D. Economic depression hit, displacing thousands of farmers E. Desolate cities with a decreasing population
E.
By 1750, all the southern plantation colonies: A. Based their economies on the production of staple crops for export. B. Practiced slavery. C. Provided tax support for the Church of England. D. Had few large cities. E. All of these.
E.
Europeans wanted to discover a new, shorter route to eastern Asia in order to: A. break the hold that Muslim merchants had on trade with Asia (middlemen). B. reduce the price of goods from Asia. C. gain more profits for themselves. D. reduce thee time it took to transport goods. E. All of these.
E.
On the eve of its colonizing adventure, England possessed a: A. Unified national state B. Measure of religious unity C.Sense of nationalism D. Popular monarch E. All of these
E.
The stage was set for a cataclysmic shift in the course of history when: A. Europeans increasingly demanded less expensive goods from Asia. B. Africa was established as a source of slave labor. C. the Portuguese demonstrated the feasibility of long-range navigation. D. the renaissance nurtured a spirit of optimism and adventure. E. All of these.
E.
Virginia, Maryland, the Carolinas, and Georgia were similar in that they all...?
Economically devoted to exporting commercial agricultural products, often a staple crop.
The settlement founded in the early 1600's that was the most consequential for the future US was...?
English at Jamestown in 1607.
In 1649, Maryland's Act of Toleration...?
Guaranteed toleration to all Christians.
The Iroquois leader who helped his nation revive its old customs was...?
Handsome Lake
Columbus called the native people in the "New World" Indians because...?
He believed he had skirted the rim of the Indies.
England's defeat of the Spanish Armada..?
Helped to ensure England's naval dominance in the North Atlantic.
At the outset, Lord Baltimore allowed some religious toleration in the Maryland colony because he...?
Hoped to secure freedom of worship for his fellow Catholics.
The attitude of Carolinas toward Indians can be best described as...?
Hostile.
Pocahontas saved Captain John Smith by...?
Interposing her head between his and his captor's clubs.
Tobacco was considered a poor man's crop because...?
It could be produced easily and quickly.
Before the arrival of Europeans, most Native Americans..?
Lived in small, scattered, and impermanent settlements.
Which mountain range was probably created before the continental separation. approximately 350 million years ago?
The Appalachians.
Which group was responsible for slave trading in Africa long before the Europeans had arrived?
The Arabs and the Africans.
What is the false concept that said the Spanish conquerors merely tortured and butchered the Indians, stole their gold, infect them with smallpox, and left little but misery behind?
The Black Lengend
Some Africans became especially valuable as slaves in the Carolinas because they...?
Were experienced in rice cultivation.
North Carolina and Rhode Island were similar in that they...?
Were thee two most democratic colonies.
The English treatment of the Irish, under the reign of Elizabeth I, can best be described as...?
Violent and unjust.
The summoning of Virginia's House of Burgesses marked an important precedent because it...?
Was the first of many mini-parliaments to flourish in America.
Spain's dreams of empire began to fade with the..?
Defeat of the Spanish Armada.
Under the Barbados Slave Code, slaves were...?
Denied the most fundamental rights.
Despite its problems, Maryland prospered, and like Virginia it...?
Depended for labor in its early years mainly on white indentured servants.
In 1650, Virginia counted only 300 blacks in its poopulation, although by the end of the century, blacks, most of them enslaved, made up approximately __% of the colony's population.
14%
In 1492, when Europeans arrived in the Americas, what was the total of the two continents's population?
54 million
The financial means for England's first permanent colonization in America were provided by...?
A joint-stock company.
Arrange the following events in chronological order: (A) Reformation (B) founding of Jamestown (C) Restoration (D) defeat of the Spanish Armada and (E) colony of Georgia founded.
A, D, B, C, E
All of the following set into motion the chain of events that led to a drive of Europeans towards Asia, the penetration of Africa, and the discovery of the New World, EXCEPT: A. Economic hardships and overpopulation at home. B. Growing power of ambitious governments behind them, C. They sought contact with a wider world. D.They sought new territories to conquer. E. They sought new places to trade with.
A.
All of the following were original territories of North American Indian population within the current boreders of the US except: A. Mesoamerica B. Northeast C. Southeast D. Great Plains E. Great Basin
A.
By the 1770's, which of the following issues helped bring about a crisis of imperial authority? A. Taxation, self-rule, and trade restrictions. B. Slavery C. Few colonists clung to any hope of accommodation with Great Britain D. The coronation of a new king E. The rise to power of radical patriots in the American colonies
A.
Define each person: A. Francis Drake B. Walter Raleigh C. Humphrey Gilbert
A. "Sea Dog" who plundered the treasure ships of the Spanish Main. B. Colonizer who helped establish tobacco as a cash crop in Georgia. C. Adventurer who tried but failed to establish a colony in Newfoundland (Roanoke).
Identify the statement that is false: A. England's victory over the Spanish Armada helped to ensure England's naval dominance in the North Atlantic. B. England never experienced and religious unit or stability as it continued to have years and years of bloody warfare over religious radicalism. C. England's victory over the Spanish Armada started England on its was to becoming master of the world's oceans. D.England had a strong, unified national state under a popular monarch. E. England had a strong, vibrant sense of nationalism and national destiny.
B.
The treatment of the Native Americans by the Spanish conquistadors can be described as...?
At times brutal and explosive.
In which of the following is the explorer mismatched with the area he explored? A. Coronado- New Mexico and Arizona B. Ponce de Leòn- Mississippi River Valley C. Cortés- Mexico D. Pizarro- Peru E. Columbus- Caribbean Islands
B.
The spirit of the English on the eve of colonization included all of the following EXCEPT: A. Restlessness B. Limited Patriotism C. Curiosity about the unkown D. Thirst for adventure E. Self-confidence
B.
Which of these statements do NOT describe the mestizos? A. They were the offspring of Spanish conquistadors who married Indian women. B. They were pagan slaves of Cortés' soldiers. C. They formed a cultural and biological bridge between Latin America;s European and Indian peoples. D. They were considered a "new race". E. All of these.
B.
The statues governing slavery in the North American colonies originated in...?
Barbados
A major reason for the founding of the Maryland colony in 1634 was to...?
Be financially profitable and create a refuge for Roman Catholics.
The introduction of horses brought about significant change in the lives of the Lakotas; from this they...?
Became nomadic hunters.
The Christian Crusaders were indirectly responsible for the discovery of America because they...?
Brought back news of valuable Far Eastern spices, drugs, and silk.
All of the following are true of the Incas, Aztecs, and Mayans, EXCEPT they: A. had advanced agricultural practices based primarily on the cultivation of corn. B. lacked the technology of the wheel. C. had the use of large draft animals such as horse and oxen. D. built elaborate cities and carried on far-flung commerce. E. had talented mathematicians, which allowed them to make accurate astronomical observations.
C.
All of the following contributed to the emergence of a new interdependent global economic system EXCEPT: A. Europe providing the markets and capital. B. Africa providing the labor. C. Europeans explorer's desire to create new cultures. D. the New World providing raw materials. E. the advancement and improvement of technology.
C.
All of the following statements are true about Popés Rebellion in 1680, EXCEPT: A. Pueblo Indians rebelled when Spanish missionaries sought to suppress native rebellious customs. B. Pueblo Indians destroyed every Catholic church in New Mexico. C. The revolt by the Pueblo Indians was successfully halted by the Spanish. D. Pueblo Indians built a ceremonial religious chamber, kiva, on the ruins of the Spanish plaza. E. Spanish priests and settlers were killed in the conflict.
C.
Men in the more settled agricultural groups in North america performed all of the following tasks except: A. hunting B. gathering fuel C. tending crops D. clearing fields for planting E. fishing
C.
Sugar was called a rich man's crop for all of the following reason, EXCEPT: A. It had to be planted extensively. B. It required clearing of much land. C. Its commercial version could be purchased only by the wealthy. D. It required an elaborate refining process. E. It was a capital-intensive business.
C.
Which of the following is NOT a true statement about the Iroquois society? A. Two families would live together in one longhouse. B. When a man married, he moved into the home of his wife and her family. C. Women dominated the Iroquois society. D. All men's connection and positions of prominence came from the maternal line. E. Five nations joined together to form the Iroquois Confederacy, but maintained their independence.
C.
Arrange the following events in chronological order: the founding of (A) Georgia (B) the Carolinas (C) Virginia (D) Maryland.
CDBA
The busiest seaport in the southern colonies was...?
Charleston.
All of the following were true of the Spanish, EXCEPT: A. They had a century head start of exploration over the English. B. They were genuine empire builders. C. They were cultural innovators in thee New World. D. They practiced the same treatment as the English would toward the Indians by isolating and shunning them. E. Their colonial establishments were larger and richer than those of their Angle-Saxon rivals.
D.
Georgia grew very slowly for all of the following reasons EXCEPT: A. its unhealthy climate B. early restrictions on black slavery C. Spanish attacks D. John Oglethorpe's leadership E. Lack of a plantation economy
D.
Identify the statement that is false. A. England had little interest in establishing its own overseas colonies in the first half of the 16th century. B. English society was disrupted by religious conflict when King Henry VIII broke with the Roman Catholic Church in the 1530's. C. The Protestant Reformation resulted in years of a seesaw of the balance of power between Catholics and Protestants throughout England. D. Spain and England were long-time bitter enemies in the first half of the 16th century. E. When Elizabeth ascended to the English throne in 1558, the rivalry with Spain intensified.
D.
Identify the statement that is false. A. Most native peoples of North America lived in small, scattered and impermanent settlements prior to the arrival of Europeans. B. In more settled agriculture groups, women tended the crops while men hunted. C. Many North American groups developed matrilineal cultures, where power and possessions passed down the female side of the family line. D. Native Americans rejected the belief that the physical world was endowed with spiritual properties. E. Native Americans had neither the desire nor the means to manipulate nature aggressively.
D.
Identify the statement that is false. A. The 13 colonies each enjoyed a lot of self-rule before the 1760's. B. Many colonists profited from trade with the British Empire. C. The French and Indian War strengthened ties between the 13 colonies and Britain. D. After the French and Indian War, the colonists needed greater protection from Britain.
D.
The cultivation of tobacco in Jamestown resulted in all of the following except: A. The destruction of the soil. B. A great demand for controlled labor. C. Soaring prosperity in the colony. D. Diversification of the colony's economy. E. The broad-acred plantation system.
D.
The colony of South Carolina prospered by...?
Developing close economic ties with the British West Indies.
The biggest disrupter of Native American life was....?
Disease
The institution of the "encomienda" allowed...?
European governments to give Indians to colonists if they promised to Christianize them.
When Lord De La Warr took control of Jamestown in 1610, he...?
Imposed a harsh military regimen on the colony.
Chief Powhatan had John Smith kidnapped in order to...?
Impress Smith with his power and show the Indian's desire for peace.
Which word best describes England's efforts in the 1500's to compete with Spanish Empire?
Indifferent.
The Indians who had the greatest opportunity to adapt to the European incursion were...?
Inland tribes such as the Algonquians.
In the face of devastating diseases, war and dislocation, what strategy did dwindling Native American tribes use to survive?
Merging with other tribes.
The early voyages of the Scandinavian seafarers did NOT result in permanent settlement in North America because...?
No nation-state supported these ventures.
The inhabitants of North Carolina were regarded by their neighbors as...?
Outcasts and irreligious.
The origins of the modern plantain system can be found in the...?
Portuguese slave trade.
Spain began to fortify and settle in North American border lands in order to...?
Protect its domain from encroachments by England and France.
The Virginia Charter guaranteed that the English settlers in the New World would...?
Retain the rights of Englishmen.
Two major exports of the Carolinas were....?
Rice and Indian slaves.
The first English attempt at colonization in 1585 was in..?
Roanoke Island
After his first voyage, Christopher Columbus believed that he...?
Sailed to the outskirts of the East Indies.
Captain John Smith's role at Jamestown can best be described as...?
Saving the colony from collapse.
Before the middle of the fifteenth century, sub-Saharan Africa had remained remote and mysterious to Europeans because...?
Sea travel down the African coast ad been virtually impossible.
The Dominican Friar Bartolomé de Las Casas is best known for...?
Speaking out against the horrors of the "encomienda" system on Native Americans.
The early years at Jamestown were mainly characterized by..?
Starvation, disease, and frequent Indian raids.
Relations between the English colonists and the Powhatan were at first conciliatory, but remained tense, especially because...?
Starving colonists took to raiding Indian food supplies.
What was one of the main factors that enabled Europeans to conquer Native North Americans with relative ease?
The absence of dense concentrations of people, or nation-states.
After the purchases of slaves in 1619 by Jamestown settlers, additional purchases of Africans were few because...?
They were too costly.
Despite an abundance of fish and game, early Jamestown settles continued to starve because...?
They were unaccustomed to fending for themselves, and wasted time looking for gold.
European contact with Native Americans led to...?
The deaths of millions of Native Americans, who had little resistance to European diseases.
The size and sophistication of Native American civilizations in Mexico and South American can be attributed to what?
The development of agrigculture
What would happen to slaves who attempted to fight back against physical assaults by white men, according to the 1661 Barbados Slave Code?
They would be whipped, have their noses cut, burned with an iron, and could be killed without consequence. (All of these)
How was the Iroquois Confederacy able to menace its Native American and European neighbors?
Through its military alliances, sustained by political and organization skills.
The colony of Georgia was founded...?
To serve as a defensive buffer against Spain for the valuable Carolinas.
The adoption of horses by Native American tribes such as the Sioux, Apache, and Blackfeet...?
Transformed their cultures into wide-ranging, hunter-gather societies that roamed the Great Plains.
In the last half of the fifteenth century, some forty thousand Africans were forced into slavery by Portugal and Spain to....?
Work on plantations on the Atlantic sugar islands.
All of the thirteen original colonies did not
believe they were a single people with a common destiny, who should break from Britain.
The European explorers who followed Columbus to North America
continued to view themselves as Europeans.
the colonists who ultimately embraced the vision of America as an independent nation did NOT
have an unwillingness to subjugate others.
The ideals that colonists cherished as synonymous with American life did not include reverence for
opposition to slavery.