APUSH Chapter 16

The voice of white southern abolitionism fell silent at the beginning of the

1830s

In society's basement in the South of 1860 were nearly ____ million black human chattels.

4

In some counties of the deep South, especially along the lower Mississippi River, blacks accounted for more than ____ percent of the population.

75

Arrange the following in chronological order: the founding of the (A) American Colonization Society, (B) American Anti-Slavery Society, and (C) Liberty party.

A, B, C

Match each abolitionist below with his publication. A. William Lloyd Garrison 1. Appeal to the Colored Citizens of the World B. Theodore Dwight Weld 2. The Liberator C. Frederick Douglass 3. Narration of the Life of ____ D. David Walker 4. American Slavery as It Is

A-2, B-4, C-3, D-1

Match each abolitionist below with his role in the movement. A. Wendell Phillips 1. abolitionist martyr B. Frederick Douglass 2. black abolitionist C. Elijah P. Lovejoy 3. abolitionist golden trumpet D. William Lloyd Garrison 4. abolitionist newspaper publisher

A-3, B-2, C-1, D-4

In 1839, enslaved Africans rose up aboard the Spanish slave ship

Amistad.

By 1860, slaves were concentrated in the "black belt" located in the

Deep South states of Georgia, Alabama, Mississippi, and Louisiana.

Uncle Tom's Cabin was written by

Harriet Beecher Stowe.

Which one of the following has the least in common with the other four?

John Quincy Adams

Many abolitionists turned to political action in 1840, when they backed the presidential candidate of the

Liberty party.

____ said the following quote, "I think we must get rid of slavery or we must get rid of freedom."

Ralph Waldo Emerson

"Varying Viewpoints" notes that Ulrich B. Phillips made certain claims about slavery that have been challenged in recent years. Which of the following is not one of his conclusions?

Slavery was comparable to the Nazi concentration camps.

The idea of transporting blacks back to Africa was

an expression of widespread American racism.

In the pre-Civil War South, the most uncommon and least successful form of slave resistance was

armed insurrection.

Plantation mistresses

commanded a sizable household staff of mostly female slaves.

European immigration to the South was discouraged by

competition with slave labor.

Slaves fought the system of slavery in all of the following ways except by

conducting periodic successful slave rebellions.

As their main crop, southern subsistence farmers raised

corn

As a result of white southerners' brutal treatment of their slaves and their fear of potential slave rebellions, the South

developed a theory of biological racial superiority.

For free blacks living in the North

discrimination was common.

Northern attitudes toward free blacks can best be described as

disliking the individuals but liking the race.

Members of the planter aristocracy

dominated society and politics in the South.

By 1860, three-quarters of all southern whites did not own slaves, but instead

eked out a living in the mountains and backcountry raising corn and hogs.

All of the following were characteristic of slaves in the mid-nineteenth century United States except

floggings were very uncommon and rare.

Slaves regarded the least prosperous, nonslaveholding whites as

hillbillies and "poor white trash" - too lazy to work.

The profitable southern slave system

hobbled the economic development of the region as a whole.

Most slaves were raised

in stable two-parent households.

All of the following are true statements about free blacks except a. they were banned from entering several northern states. b. they were always vulnerable to being hijacked back into slavery in the South. c. slaveholders feared that they were living examples of what might be achieved with emancipation. d. in the North, they forged ties with the Irish, who similarly worked in menial jobs. e. most states denied them the right to vote.

in the North, they forged ties with the Irish, who similarly worked in menial jobs.

The plantation system of the Cotton South was

increasingly monopolistic.

Plantation agriculture was wasteful largely because

its excessive cultivation of cotton despoiled good land.

All of the following were weaknesses of the slave plantation system except that a. it relied on a one-crop economy. b. it repelled a large-scale European immigration. c. it stimulated racism among poor whites. d. it created an aristocratic political elite. e. its land continued to remain in the hands of the small farmers.

its land continued to remain in the hands of the small farmers.

Slaves were denied an education because

masters believed that reading brought new ideas that might lead to their discontent.

By the mid-nineteenth century

most slaves lived on large plantations.

All of the following were true of slavery in the South except that

most slaves were raised in single unstable parent households.

The most pro-Union of the white southerners were

mountain whites.

The great increase of the slave population in the first half of the nineteenth century was largely due to

natural reproduction.

By 1860, life for slaves was most difficult in the

newer states of Alabama, Mississippi, and Louisiana.

Forced separation of spouses, parents, and children was most common

on small plantations and in the upper South.

All told, only about ____ of white southerners owned slaves or belonged to a slaveholding family.

one fourth

In arguing for the continuation of slavery after 1830, southerners

placed themselves in opposition to much of the rest of the Western world.

Some southern slaves gained their freedom as a result of

purchasing their way out of slavery with money earned after hours.

As a result of the introduction of the cotton gin

slavery was reinvigorated.

Regarding work assignments, slaves were

sometimes spared dangerous work.

Most white southerners were

subsistence farmers.

The idea of recolonizing blacks back to Africa was

supported by the black leader Martin Delaney.

All the following were true of the American economy under Cotton Kingdom except a. cotton accounted for half the value of all American exports after 1840. b. the South produced more than half the entire world's supply of cotton. c. 75 percent of the British supply of cotton came from the South. d. quick profits from cotton drew planters to its economic enterprise. e. the South reaped all the profits from the cotton trade.

the South reaped all the profits from the cotton trade.

Slavery's greatest psychological horror, and the theme of Harriet Beecher Stowe's Uncle Tom's Cabin, was

the enforced separation of slave families, whose members could be sold away from each other.

William Lloyd Garrison pledged his dedication to

the immediate abolition of slavery in the South.

Proslavery whites defended the institution of slavery in all of the following ways except a. they claimed slavery was supported by the Bible. b. slaveholders said slavery lifted Africans from the barbarism of the jungle and gave them Christian civilization. c. Slaveholders claimed that master-slave relationships resembled a family. d. they said that slaves toiled under better working conditions than factory workers and hired hands in the North. e. they claimed that slaves were set free once they reached old age.

they claimed that slaves were set free once they reached old age.

The majority of southern whites owned no slaves because

they could not afford the purchase price.

Those in the North who opposed the abolitionists believed that these opponents of slavery

were creating disorder in America.

As a substitute for the wage-incentive system, slaveowners most often used the

whip as a motivator.