APUSH Exam Review

The Embargo Act, by Jefferson assumed the effectiveness of

A boycott

France's support for the United States during the American Revolutionary War was motivated by

A desire to weaken its rival, Great Britain.

"The Federalist Papers" challenged the conventional political wisdom of the eighteenth century when they asserted that

A large republic offered the best protection on minority rights.

Which of the following developments in the second half of the nineteenth century best represented the continuation of the ideas expressed int he declaration?

A movement focused on women's voting rights.

"With malice toward none..." the above quotation from a speech expresses the view of the post-Civil War period held and initiated by

Abraham Lincoln

The jury in the 1735 trial of John Peter Zenger for the seditious libel of New York's governor

Acquitted Zenger of libel because his criticism of the governor had merit and had the freedom to express his views.

All of the following acts were part of mercantilist policy except

Act of Toleration

The Missouri Compromise did which of the following?

Allowed Maine to enter the Union as a free state

The first permanent English settlement on the mainland of North America was at

Jamestown.

Which of the following is a direct social change brought about by the American Revolution?

Recognition of the right of women to inherit property.

Which state seceded from the United States first?

South Carolina

The Reconstruction Acts of 1867 provided for

temporary Union military supervision of the ex-confederacy

The establishment of Brook Farm and the Oneida community in the antebellum United States reflected

the blossoming of perfectionist aspirations

The ideas expressed in the excerpt most directly challenged the prevailing ideal in the early nineteenth century that

women should focus on the home and the domestic sphere

In the early 1830s, the majority of workers in the textile mills of Massachusetts were

young unmarried women from rural New England

the South hoped to gain diplomatic recognition and active support from Great Britain because

British factories needed Southern cotton

The Pilgrims were also known as Separatists because they

Broke all ties with the Church of England.

"And he (the President) shall nominate, and by and with the advice and consent of the Senate shall appoint...judges of the Supreme Court..." This passage from the Constitution best illustrates the concept of

Checks and balances.

In the excerpt above, the reference to "the sanctions of a more erroneous religious belief" most probably refers to

Christian abolitionist rejection og slavery on moral grounds

One direct long term effect of the Navigation Act was that it

Contributed to the rise of opposition that ultimately fostered the independence movement.

By the 1750s, the British colonies on the North American mainland were characterized by all of the following EXCEPT

Disdain for British constitutional monarchy.

"...the descendants of Africans who were imported..." the passage if form which of the following?

Dred Scott v. Sanford

The most important consequence of the Boston Tea Party was the

Enactment of Parliament of the Coercive Acts.

The Dutch settled New Netherland primarily to

Expand their commercial and mercantile network.

During the War for Independence, the principal reason the American Government sought diplomatic recognition from foreign powers was to

Facilitate the purchase of arms and borrowing of money from other nations.

Which of the following "miseries" alluded to above were most condemned by Anti-Federalists of the post-Revolutionary era?

Federal response to the Whiskey Rebellion

By signing the Adams-Onis of Transcontinental Treaty, Spain recognized that, if she were unwilling to sell, the United Sates would simply take

Florida

The most persuasive single instrument of antislavery propaganda written in response to the Fugitive SLave Law of 1850 was

Harriet Beecher Stowe's Uncle Tom's Cabin

The goals presented in the excerpt from the act have the most in common with which of the following?

Increases in the federal tariff in the 1820s.

Which of the following is true of the Stamp Act Congress?

It provided an important opportunity for the colonial leaders to meet and establish ties with one another.

The primary issue in dispute in Shay's Rebellion was

Jailing of individuals of seizure of their property for failure to pay taxes during a time of economic hardship.

Which of the following events of the twentieth century reflects a continuation of the attributes of southern whites as described in this passage?

Jim Crowe legislation

In response to Andrew Jackson's toast: "Our Union--It must be preserved!," Who toasted "the Union, next to our liberty most dear! May we all remember that it can only be preserved by respecting the rights of the states and distribution equally the benefit and the burden of the Union"?

John C. Calhoun

The XYZ Affair was important in that it

Led to U.S. abrogation of the 1778 peace treaty and brought the U.S. into a quasi-war with France.

Which of the following conclusions is best supported by the excerpt above?

Lincoln received more votes in the heavily populated states of the North, while McClellan won more sparsely populated states.

The primary issue in Reconstruction about which Lincoln and Congress disagreed was

Lincoln's assertion that Reconstruction was part of the war effort and therefore his responsibility as commander in chief

Which of the following best explains why South Carolina chose to secede from the Union in 1860?

Lincoln's election on a Free-Soil platform led Southern politicians to conclude that secession was necessary.

Which of the following was not a provision of the Paris Peace Treaty ending the American Revolution?

Louisiana was returned to French control.

All of the following were causes of the Mexican War except

Mexican desire to annex Louisiana

Which of the following principles was established by the Dred Scott decision?

National legislation could not limit the spread of slavery in the territories.

The Hartford Convention was a manifestation of

New England Federalist opposition to the War of 1812

All of the following were weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation except

Nine of the thirteen states had to approve all laws.

Which of the following groups would be most likely to support the perspective of Fredrick Douglas in the excerpt?

Northern abolitionists

The wealthiest people in pre-Revolutionary American were primarily

Northern merchants and southern planters.

After the South seceded, the Congress was able to pass special legislation to benefit the North and the West, such as the

Pacific Railroad Bill

The theme of individualism is most evident in the writings of

Ralph Waldo Emerson

The famous cartoon of a dissected snake in 1754 by Benjamin Franklin offered a warning to the 13 colonies if they did which of the following?

Rejected the Albany Plan.

Which of the following moved in greatest numbers into Appalachia as the American Indians of the region were defeated

Scotch-Irish, German, and English immigrants.

Which of the following is most harmonious with the sentiment expressed in the excerpt?

Security is the only justification for government.

The Proclamation of 1763 did which of the following

Set a boundary along the crest of the Appalachians beyond which the English were forbidden to settle.

In the seventeenth century, the Great Migration refers to the

Settlement of the Puritans in Massachusetts Bay.

Both the Force Bill and the Tariff Act of 1833 were passed to deal with the crisis that developed over

South Carolina's Ordinance of Nullification

The sentiments above are most consistent with which of the following ideologies?

States' Rights

The early 19th century Native American Leader who urged the Indian tribes in the Old Northeast Territory to unify to protect their lands was

Tecumseh

The leader of the Radical Reconstructionists of the US House of Representatives was

Thaddeus Stevens

All of the following are true of the Declaration of Independence except

The Declaration established the organization of the new nation.

Which of the following provides the best explanation for why Radical Republicans opposed Lincoln in 1861?

The Radical Republicans wanted immediate emancipation of slaves, but Lincoln refused to cooperate.

The language used in both excerpts most directly reflects the influence of which of the following?

The Second Great Awakening

Which of the following statement is correct about Pinckney's Treaty?

The United States received the right of deposit at New Orleans from Spain.

All of the following occurred during George Washington's two terms as President except

The XYZ Affair.

France negotiated a treaty of alliance with the new American nation in 1778 following

The defeat of the British General Burgoyne at Saratoga.

The excerpt from James Henry Hammond is most dearly an example of which of the following developments in the mid-19th century?

The expanding use of moral arguments by Northern antislavery activists

In "An Economic Interpretation of the Constitution," Charles A. Beard argued

The men who wrote the Constitution were selfish men who wanted to protect their own interests.

Which of the following contributed most directly to the change in the number of Africans transported to the New World after 1800?

The outlawing of the international slave trade by Great Britain and the United States

The issue that precipitated the passage above was

The passage of an act creating higher tariff rates

The main dispute that delayed ratification of the Articles of Confederation by the newly independent states of the United States was

The refusal of some states to give up extensive claims to the lands west of the Appalachians.

Which of the following was NOT a result of the Compromise of 1877?

The remaining confederate states were readmitted to the Union.

The pattern depicted on the graph from 1450 to 1600 best serves as evidence of which of the following?

The replacement of indigenous labor and indentured servitude by enslaved Africans in New World colonies

In the Kentucky and Virginia Resolves, Thomas Jefferson and James Madison asserted that

The states, not the Supreme Court, were the final judges of the limits of the federal and state power.

Which of the following most accurately describes the attitude of 17th Century Puritans toward religious liberty?

They tolerated no one who expressed religious views varied from their own views.

In order to gain passage of the Assumption Bill, Alexander Hamilton agreed

To support building the new capital city o southern land.

Which of the following transportation developments opened the West to settlement and trade between 1790 and 1830?

Turnpikes and canals

The Maryland Toleration Act of 1649 was significant because in

Was the earliest colonial statue related to religious freedom.

The chief significance of the Great Awakening was that it

Was the first genuine unified movement of the American colonies.

The principal reason for the Era of Good Feeling during the presidency of James Monroe was

a very weakened opposition political party

To Andrew Jackson the spoils system

benefitted the political process

The trend taken by the Supreme Court under Chief Justice John Marshall was to

expand the federal government's powers

The goals of education reformers in the antebellum years included all of the following except

federal financing of secondary education

The War of 1812 had all the following effects except

it led to an increased and more active American role in the world politics

The majority of White families in the antebellum South owned

no slaves

Which of the following is correct about the tariffs passed during the period 1816-1828?

they were the first tariffs whose major purpose was protection

Stephen A. Douglas, senator from Illinois, framed the Kansas-Nebraska Act (1854) mainly because he

wanted Southern support for a transcontinental railroad with a terminal at Chicago

The British government imposed the Townsend Acts on the American colonies in the belief that

Its provisions were designed solely to enforce mercantilism.

The Republican Party originated in the mid-1850s as a sectional party committed to which of the following?

Opposition to the further extension of slavery into the territories.

Which of the following was an immediate consequence of the secession of South Carolina?

Other Southern states seceded from the Union forming the Confederacy.

The argument between Great Britain and its American colonies during the 1760s and 1770s over "virtual representation" concerned

Parliament's ability to reflect colonial interests.

The only Native Americans who were able to unite and become strong enough to resist the English colonies successfully in Virginia were the

Powhatan Confederacy.

The principal motivation for drafting the Bill of Rights was the desire to

Protect the rights not specified in the Constitution.

The primary reason the British government was interested in chartering Georgia was to

Provide a buffer between South Carolina and Spain's Florida.

The petition by Paul Cuffe best illustrates which of the following developments?

The rhetoric of the American Revolution raised awareness of social inequalities and inspired Groups and individuals to call for greater political democracy.

When President Andrew Jackson's enemies spoke of his "Kitchen Cabinet" they were referring to

a group of old friends and unofficial advisors of the president

The establishment of penitentiaries during the 1840s reflected

a new attitude that looked upon criminals as misguided, in need o help, and penitentiaries were designed to help them reform.

Which of the following describes "the Lowell system" in the early 19th century New England?

a plan to promote and expand textile manufacturing activities

In the antebellum period, free African Americans were

able to accumulate some property in spite of discrimination

Which of the following best explains why the earliest factories were located in New England

abundant water power

The political Reconstruction of the South ended after

an agreement was arranged that allowed Republican Rutherford B. Hayes to become president

Hinton R. Helpers' book "The Impending Crisis of the South" was intended as

an argument against slavery as an economic institution

Of the following, which was the principal issue on which the United States sought settlement with Great Britain at the outset of the War of 1812?

an end of impressment

In the cartoon (Appendix B), Ulysses Grant is presented as

caught up in several types of corruption

All of the following are true of the Confederate war effort during the Civil War except

confederate industry was never able to adequately supply confederate soldiers with the armaments they needed to successfully fight the war.

At the Seneca Falls Woman's Rights Convention organized by Lucretia Mott and Elizabeth Cady Stanton in 1848, the delegates

declared that "All men and women are created equal" and that, "the history of mankind is a history of repeated injuries and usurpation's on the part of man toward woman..."

A major weakness of the Articles of Confederation was that they

denied the federal government the power to mediate disputes between states

The nullification controversy of 1832-1833 was significant, in part, because it

enhanced Andrew Jackson's reputation as a strong president

President Andrew Jackson's Marysville Road veto dealt with

federally financed internal improvements

The North's advantages over the South at the outbreak of the Civil War included all of the following except

greater agreement over the war aims

In Part, President Lincoln refrained from taking action to emancipate slaves until the Civil War had been in progress for almost two years because

he sought to retain the loyalty of the border states

A major reason why Thomas Jefferson was interested in purchasing Louisiana from France was that he

hoped to preserve an agriculture society by making abundant lands available to future generations

Which of the following best describes the position of William Lloyd Garrison?

immediate abolition of slavery without compensation to slave owners

The American Transcendalists may best be characterized as which of the following?

intellectuals who shared a belief in the value of human intuition, divinity in nature and emotional comprehension of God

In addition to the cotton gin, Eli Whitney's major contribution to American technology was his

introduction of interchangeable parts

The Trent Affair was important because

it nearly led to British recognition of the Confederacy and war between Britain and the Union

Which of the following statement about the Dred Scott decision is correct?

it stated the Black people were not cities of the United States

Andrew Johnson vetoed the Civil Rights Act of 1866 because he believed

it violated States' rights

In coining the phrase "Manifest Destiny," journalist John L. O'Sullivan meant that

it was the destiny of America to overspread the continent

In Marbury v. Madison, the United States Supreme Court established

its right to determine the constitutionality of congressional enactments

The Morril Land Grant Act provided

large amounts of federal government land to states that would establish agricultural and mechanical colleges

All of the following led Congress to impose Radical Reconstruction measures EXCEPT the

massive exodus of former slaves form the South

In the presidential campaign of 1860, Abraham Lincoln ran on a platform that

promised to protect the rights of each state "to order and control its own domestic institutions"

An important reason of the proclamation of the Monroe Doctrine was to

protect republican institutions of government in the Western Hemisphere

All of the following elements of the radical Republican program were implemented during Reconstruction except

provision of 40 acres to each freedman

During the period of Reconstruction, most of the states of the former Confederaacy, in order to regain admission to the Union, were required to

ratify the Fourteenth Amendment

Which of the answer choices best expresses the point of view of the cartoon in Appendix A.

reconciliation of Southern whites and blacks is simply a matter of recognizing the new realities.

The Kansas Nebraska Act (1854) heightened the sectional crisis because it

repealed the Missouri Compromise

The goal of the American Colonization Society was to

return freed slaves to Africa

In the first half of the nineteenth century, Cherokee efforts to retain their tribal lands in Georgia received direct support from

the United States Supreme Court

Among the scandals connected with the Grant administration are

the Whiskey Ring and credit Mobilier

According to Alexis de Tocqueville in Democracy in America, American individualism arose as a result of

the absence of an aristocracy

By the end of his presidency, Ulysses Grant's popularity had declined substantially because

the corruption evident in his administration

The argument put forth by Calhoun in the passage states a position in a debate that is most similar to which of the following debates from earlier in United States History.

the debate over replacing the Articles of Confederation with the Constitution

The Independent Treasury plan called for

the deposit of U.S. tax revenues in the Treasury rather than in banks

From the Chart in appendix B which of the following was most responsible for the change shown between 1815 and 1830?

the development of a network of canals linking important cities and waterways

Passage of the Twelfth Amendment was a direct result of

the difficulties that resulted from not having separate presidential and vice presidential elections in the electoral college in the election of 1800

The key event that guaranteed Lincoln's reelection in 1864 was

the fall of Atlanta to General Sherman

The term "Trail of Tears" refers to

the forced migration of the Cherokee Tribe from the southern Appalachians to what is now Oklahoma

The Age of Jackson is noted for all of the following events except

the meeting of the Hartford Convention

The canal building of the 1820s resulted primarily from

the need for an economical method of shipping farm goods from the Western states and territories directly to Eastern markets

Which of the following resulted from the policies of the Andrew Jackson administration

the number of banks each issuing its own paper currency increased

The election of 1800 has been referred to as constituting "another revolution" because

the party in power stepped down after losing the election

The Wilmot Proviso specifically provided for

the prohibition of slavery in land acquired from Mexico in the Mexican War

In the early years of Reconstruction, an important function of the Freedman's Bureau was

the protection of economic rights for former slaves

The most notable achievement of the United States under the Articles of Confederation was

the provision for land sales in the Northwest that would benefit the entire nation

President Jackson's Native American (indian) policy resulted in which of the following?

the removal of the Cherokee from the Southeast to settlements across the Mississippi

The primary purpose of the Proclamation of 1763 was to

Avoid conflict with the trans-Appalachian Indians.

Which of the following states the principal for "popular sovereignty?"

the settlers in a given territory have the sole right to decide whether of not slavery will be permitted there

Which of the following provisions of the Compromise of 1850 provoked the most controversy in the 1850s

the strengthened Fugitive Slave Law

During Reconstruction, Southern Blacks typically did which of the following?

tilled farms as renters and sharecroppers

The ultimate goal of Andrew Jackson's policy toward the Indians during his presidency was

to remove them to lands in the trans-Mississippi West

When Lincoln spoke of a "pernicious abstraction" he was referring to

whether the South had indeed left the Union

Thomas Paine's pamphlet "Common Sense" introduced a new element into the debate with Britain

Calling for a complete independence of the colonies and attacking not only King George III, but also the idea of monarchy.

The event in the Western theatre during the Civil War which had the effect of splitting the Confederacy in half was the

Capture of Vicksburg

Alexander Hamilton's financial program was most favorable to

Eastern merchants.

Which of the following statements about African American Soldiers during the Civil War us correct?

For most of the war, they were paid less than the White soldiers of equal rank.

The Proclamation of 1763 contributed to growing tension between the colonies and Great Britain because the Proclamation

Forbade settlers from moving into the land west of the Appalachians until treaties could be signed with the Native Americans.

In his "Farewell Address" of 1796, George Washington warned against

Foreign entanglements and the formation of political parties.

Washington's Neutrality Proclamation of 1793 was issued in response to

French diplomatic overtures to invoke the Franco-American Alliance.

"Let me...warn you in the most solemn manner against the ruinous effects of the spirit of party...The alternate domination of one factor over another, sharpened by the spirit of revenge natural to party dissension...is itself a frightful despotism." This statement reflected which of the following political positions?

George Washington's concern about the development of political parties during this administration.

"The word used in the Constitution, then, comprehends, and has been always understood to comprehend navigation within its Meaning; and a power to regulate navigation is as expressly granted as if that term had been added to the 'commerce'." The Court decision which followed this line of reasoning was:

Gibbons v. Ogden

Which of the following beliefs was central to eighteenth-century Deism?

God created a universe governed by natural law.

To make the new government viable, the first Congress of the United States did all of the following except

Grant subsides to encourage industrial development.

The Fourteenth Amendment attempted to eliminate the societal conditions described in this passage by

Granting citizenship and guaranteeing equal protection under the law to former slaves.

The first Great Awakening was

A religious revival that occurred throughout the American colonies.

The primary motive of those who founded the British colony in Virginia during the seventeenth century was the

Desire for economic gain.

The Ordinances of 1785 and 1787 were notable accomplishments because they

Initiated a territory policy that provided for the orderly creation of new states.

The excerpt most directly reflects which of the following goals for England's North American colonies?

Integrating them into a coherent imperial structure based on mercantilism.

The hostility of the Know-Nothing party was directed primarily against

Irish and German Catholic Immigrants

All of the following accurately describe Jefferson's purchase of the Louisiana Territory from Frances EXCEPT:

It ended the threat of American Indian raids on western settlements

Which of the following was true of the United States Constitution as adopted at the Constitutional Convention?

It was built on a series of compromises.

Which of the following statements about the "American System" is correct?

It was designed to meet the nation's need for economic progress and self-sufficiency

Congress brought impeachment proceedings against Andrew Johnson primarily because

Johnson sought to block the punitive aspects of Congressional Reconstruction.

Which is the correct chronological order to illustrate a cause and effect relationship among the following events leading to the Civil War?

Kansas-Nebraska Act, Dred Scott Decision, Lincoln-Douglas Debates, Election of Lincoln, South Carolina secedes

An economic system in which a nation seeks to accumulate precious metals by maintaining a favorable balance of trade is most descriptive of

Mercantilism.

Great Britain's policy of governing its colonies to build up its own gold reserves and expand trade is known as

Mercantilism.

The Navigation Acts were part of the British policy known as

Mercantilism.

Identify the following: "...the American continents...henceforth not to be considered as subjects for future colonization by any European powers..." and the "policy (of the United States) in regard to Europe...is not to interfere in the internal concerns of any of its powers..."

Monroe Doctrine

All of the following statements concerning the Wade-Davis Bill are true EXCEPT

The bill provided for financial compensation to former slaves.

Which of the following statements about colonial politics in the eighteenth century is true?

The colonial assemblies controlled taxes and expenditures.

According to this official from the Freedman's Bureau how has southern society reacted to the end of the Civil War?

The freed slaves were experiencing discrimination and limitations on their rights similar to their treatment under slavery.

The language of "protest" that Calhoun used in his "Exposition and Protest" was similar to the language of which of the following political positions?

The response of New England Federalist to the War of 1812

Which of the following was a consequence of the shift to sharecropping and the pro lien system in the late nineteenth century South?

a cycle of debt and depression for Southern tenant farmers

In the treaty of Ghent, which ended the War of 1812

nothing was settled beyond a restoration of the prewar status quo

Andrew Jackson's Specie Circular stipulated that

paper money should not be accepted in payment for federal government lands sold

The Black Codes passed in a number of southern states after the Civil War were intended to

place limits on the socioeconomic opportunities open to Black people

All of the following influenced the nature of Congressional Reconstruction except

political conciliation

Jacksonian Democracy was distinguished by the belief that

political participation by the common man should be increased

Of the following, the most threatening problem for the union form 1861 through 1863 was

possible British recognition of the Confederacy

In 1861 the North went to war with the South primarily to

preserve the Union

"In 1800 schoolchildren ages 5-19 spent an average of only 14 days in school each year. By 1850 this figure had nearly doubles to 26 days, and by 1860 it had risen to 40 days per years, almost triple the figure for 1800. By 1860, the literacy rate at age 20 had attained modern levels, exceeding 90% among whites." This passage describes results brought about chiefly through

state and local efforts in behalf of public schools

The Freeport Doctrine of Stephen Douglas

stated that a territorial legislature could discourage slavery by failing to pass slave codes

When the Emancipation Proclamation was issued at the beginning of 1863, its immediate effect was to

strengthen the moral cause of the Union

The opening of the Erie Canal in 1825 was important because it

strengthened the ties between the eastern manufacturing and western agricultural regions

Cotton production was made profitable by the

success and simplicity of the cotton gin

After Reconstruction, the phrase the "Solid South" referred to the South's

tendency to vote for the Democratic ticket

The main purpose of the petition by Paul Cuffe was to demand.

that the Massachusetts legislature either grant the petitioners the right to vote of that it excuse Them from paying taxes.

The Tariff of 1816 was notable as being the first tariff

that tried to protect the development of American industry

The rotation system of government espoused by Andrew Jackson refers to

the "spoils system" in which an elected official replaced appointed officeholders with new appointees who were political friends and supporters

The term "impressment" as used by the United States in the period before the War of 1812 referred to

the British practice of forcing American sailors into service on British warships

The outcome of the election of 1824 between John Quincy Adams and Andrew Jackson was decided by

the House of Representatives

In 1831, Nat Turner organized and led a slave insurrection in Southampton County, Virginia, that resulted in

the Southern states expanding their militia systems and strengthening the slave codes