APUSH Final Study Guide

The primary objective of the founders of the Know-Nothing party was the

restriction of the rights of immigrants

The territorial changes shown in the southwestern region of the map most directly resulted from

the Mexican-American War

In 1860 Abraham Lincoln was elected president on a Republican platform that advocated all of the following EXCEPT

the abolition of slavery throughout the United States

The pattern depicted in the graph in the first half of the nineteenth century most directly resulted in

the formation of a political party that promoted nativism

Historians have argued that all of the following were causes of the Civil War EXCEPT

the growing power of poor Southern Whites who resisted planter dominance and sought to abolish slavery

The Wilmot Proviso specifically provided for

the prohibition of slavery in lands acquired from Mexico in the Mexican War

The Compromise of 1877 resulted in

the withdrawal of federal troops from the South

At the outbreak of the Civil War in 1861, pro-Union sentiment was strong in western Virginia, eastern Tennessee, and western North Carolina primarily because

there were relatively few slaves or large plantations in these regions

The excerpt best supports the conclusion that in the 1850s, the United States government

was willing to intimidate Asian countries like Japan to secure economic opportunities

Which of the following would most likely have opposed the Kansas-Nebraska Act?

A New England abolitionist

Which of the following was a consequence of the shift to sharecropping and the crop lien system in the late nineteenth-century South?

A cycle of debt and depression for Southern tenant farmers

Which of the following achievements of the "carpetbag" governments survived the "Redeemer" administrations?

Establishment of a public school system

In the late nineteenth century, state governments in the South were largely successful in restricting

African Americans' voting rights guaranteed by the Fifteenth Amendment

Which of the following factors can best be used to explain the Union victory in the Civil War?

Greater population and industrial development

Which of the following is a similarity between Rable's and Foner's arguments in the excerpts?

Both focus on many Southerners' opposition to racial equality.

The idea of Manifest Destiny included all of the following beliefs EXCEPT:

Commerce and industry would decline as the nation expanded its agricultural base.

The data in the tables indicate which of the following?

Confederate armies lost a greater proportion of its soldiers than did the Union.

The excerpt best reflects which of the following historical situations?

Congressional leaders sought political compromise to resolve discord between the North and the South.

Which of the following most directly contributed to "the sharp increase of immigration after 1845" referenced in the excerpt?

Crop failures and revolutions in Europe

Which of the following most directly contributed to the conflict referred to in the excerpt?

Disagreements over whether to allow slavery in new territories

Which of the following could best be used as evidence to support the argument in the excerpt that "ethnic conflict among whites rivaled sectional conflict as a major political issue" of the period?

Growing concern about the political and cultural influence of Catholic immigrants

Which of the following statements best summarizes the views of Andrew Johnson on Reconstruction?

He believed that Reconstruction was an executive branch matter and sought the rapid restoration of the former Confederate states to the Union.

Douglass' rhetoric in the excerpt was most likely interpreted as promoting which of the following?

His advocacy for African American equal rights

The trend shown in the map led most directly to which of the following?

Increasing divisions between North and South because of questions about the status of slavery in new territories

In the mid-nineteenth century, the process shown in the map was advocated by supporters of which of the following ideologies?

Manifest Destiny

The advice in the excerpt most directly reflects the influence of which of the following prevailing American ideas?

Manifest Destiny

Which of the following ideas contributed most directly to the territorial changes shown in the map?

Manifest Destiny

The excerpt best reflects which of the following developments?

Popular support for the idea of Manifest Destiny

The United States gained which of the following from the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo in 1848 ?

Possession of California and most of the Southwest

Based on the excerpt, Calhoun would also be most likely to support which of the following?

Proslavery arguments

Which of the following describes a difference between Rable's and Foner's arguments in the excerpts?

Rable asserts that violence in the South achieved its political goals during Reconstruction, whereas Foner asserts that this violence was suppressed at the time.

After 1863, which of the following most fulfilled the "new birth of freedom" that the excerpt refers to?

Ratification of the Thirteenth, Fourteenth, and Fifteenth Amendments

Which of the following best explains Douglass' point of view in the excerpt?

Shared sacrifice would help advance African American men's claims to United States citizenship.

The Republican Party of the 1850s took which of the following positions on slavery?

Slavery could remain where it existed but should not be extended into territories or new states.

Which of the following most likely supported the ideas expressed in the excerpt?

Southern Democrats

Evidence in the excerpt best corroborates which of the following?

Southern politicians would not abandon slavery, and they believed Lincoln was a threat to that system.

Which of the following was the most immediate result of the decision in the excerpt?

Support grew for the Republican Party.

The data in the first table most directly indicate which of the following about the professions of soldiers in the Civil War?

The Confederacy relied more heavily on agricultural workers to fill its armies than did the Union.

Which of the following invalidated the decision in the excerpt?

The Fourteenth Amendment

The decision in the excerpt held which of the following to be unconstitutional?

The Missouri Compromise

The Kansas-Nebraska Act of 1854 was most similar in intent to which of the following earlier legislative initiatives?

The Missouri Compromise in 1820

Why did Congressional Reconstruction end in 1877?

The Republican and Democratic parties effected a compromise agreement after the 1876 presidential election.

At the beginning of the Civil War, Southerners expressed all of the following expectations EXCEPT:

The South's superior industrial resources would give it an advantage over the North.

Which of the following events best represents a continuity of the sentiments expressed by Senator Calhoun in the speech?

The Supreme Court decision in Plessy v. Ferguson

Which of the following was the most direct catalyst for the secession of South Carolina?

The election of 1860

The proclamation most clearly provides evidence for which of the following?

The failure of the Compromise of 1850 to lessen sectional tensions

Which of the following occurred during Radical Reconstruction?

The formation of the Ku Klux Klan

Which of the following was a serious constitutional question after the Civil War?

The political and legal status of the former Confederate states

Which of the following historical situations can best be used to explain how the excerpt would have been interpreted at the time?

The rise in immigration to the United States

Arguments similar to those expressed in the excerpt were later employed to justify which of the following?

The secession of most Southern states

Which of the following states the principle of "popular sovereignty?"

The settlers in a given territory have the sole right to decide whether or not slavery will be permitted there.

Which of the following provisions of the Compromise of 1850 provoked the most controversy in the 1850's?

The strengthened Fugitive Slave Law

Which of the following best describes the position on slavery of most northerners during the sectional crises of the 1850s?

They were willing to accept slavery where it existed but opposed further expansion to the territories.

The excerpt most directly reflects which of the following developments in the United States during the first half of the nineteenth century?

Westward expansion

The cartoon above is intended to express

a critique of Reconstruction

The 1854 Kansas-Nebraska Act instituted popular sovereignty to

allow people living in a territory to determine whether slavery should be permitted there

The acquisition of territory in the southwestern region shown in the map intensified controversies in the United States about

allowing slavery in the new territories

The sentiments expressed in the proclamation would have been most widely condemned by White residents of

coastal South Carolina

The most controversial and divisive component of the Compromise of 1850 was the

passage of a tougher national fugitive slave act

The Black Codes passed in a number of southern states after the Civil War were intended to

place limits on the socioeconomic opportunities open to Black people

Of the following, the most threatening problem for the Union from 1861 through 1863 was

possible British recognition of the Confederacy

In 1861 the North went to war with the South primarily to

preserve the Union

In adopting the Fourteenth Amendment, Congress was primarily concerned with

protecting legislation guaranteeing civil rights to former slaves

During Reconstruction, a major economic development in the South was the

spread of sharecropping

When the Emancipation Proclamation was issued at the beginning of 1863, its immediate effect was to

strengthen the moral cause of the Union

The Compromise of 1850 did which of the following?

Enacted a stringent fugitive slave law.

The United States Supreme Court's decision in Dred Scott v. Sandford (1857) represented a departure from earlier practices in which of the following ways?

It held that the federal government had no power to regulate slavery in federal territories acquired after the creation of the United States.

The issuing of documents such as the proclamation generally had which of the following effects?

Increasing the visibility of organized opposition to slavery

Which of the following supplied the largest number of immigrants to the United States during the first half of the nineteenth century?

Ireland

Which of the following statement about the Dred Scott decision is correct?

It stated that Black people were not citizens of the United States.

The first attempt to apply the doctrine of popular sovereignty in determining the status of slavery occurred in

Kansas

The excerpt best serves as evidence for which of the following developments?

Lincoln sought to avoid violence over the issues that divided the country.

The Supreme Court's decision in the Dred Scott case in 1857 effectively repealed the

Missouri Compromise

Which of the following principles was established by the Dred Scott decision?

National legislation could not limit the spread of slavery in the territories.

The language in the excerpt was most likely interpreted as promoting which of the following?

Nativist sentiment

The Republican party originated in the mid-1850's as a sectional party committed to which of the following?

Opposition to the further extension of slavery into the territories

Historians could best use the excerpt as an example of which of the following?

Political responses to changing demographics in the United States

The position expressed by Clay in the excerpt best serves as evidence of which of the following?

The acquisition of new territories created disputes over the expansion of slavery.

Based on their arguments in the excerpts, both Rable and Foner would most likely agree with which of the following claims?

Southern resistance hindered Reconstruction.

Evidence in the excerpt best corroborates which of the following broader historical contexts?

Southern states sought more proslavery seats in the United States Congress.

The excerpt most likely reflects which of the following historical situations?

States in the South had begun seceding after the presidential election.

The data in the tables most likely indicate which of the following?

The Union had a larger and more diverse population of workers to enlist from than did the Confederacy.

The population trend described in the excerpt most directly reflected which of the following domestic developments in the nineteenth century?

The belief that it was the Manifest Destiny of the United States to control territory across the continent

Ideas expressed by Douglass in the excerpt were most likely interpreted as supporting which of the following arguments?

The war was no longer just about preserving the union of the states.

One key change immediately following the Civil War aimed at achieving the "racial justice" that Blight describes was the

establishment of a constitutional basis for citizenship and voting rights

A significant result of the Mexican-American War of 1846-1848 was that the United States

experienced increasing tension over the issue of slavery

On the eve of the Civil War, the South enjoyed an advantage over the North in

experienced military leadership

The Battle of Antietam, September 17, 1862, is considered pivotal to the outcome of the Civil War because it

forestalled the possibility of European intervention

Lincoln's main purpose in the excerpt was to

gain continued support for the war effort

The Union's victory at Gettysburg was significant because it

halted the last major Confederate invasion of the North

Republicans asserted that political leaders could not "give legal existence to slavery in any territory of the United States" in order to express opposition against the

idea of popular sovereignty exemplified by the Kansas-Nebraska Act

All of the following led Congress to impose Radical Reconstruction measured EXCEPT the

massive exodus of former slaves from the South

The Fifteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution established

that suffrage cannot be denied based on race, color, or previous servitude