APUSH Q1 Test

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Fill in the blank: On August 24th, the convention gave Congress the power to elect a single person as President. The President's term would be ___ ______and can be re-elected ____ ______. 1) 1 year, 1 time 2) 7 years, 0 times 3) 4 years, 2 times 4) 4 years, 1 time

7 years, 0 times

After America declared war in 1917 (A) Camps were set up to detain "troublesome" Americans of German background (B) Movie stars and other celebrities helped sell Liberty Bonds to the American public (C) Ration cards were issued to all families (D) Drills took place in American cities to prepare Americans for a possible attack.

(B) Movie stars and other celebrities helped sell Liberty Bonds to the American public

Most archaeologists and historians believe that the first peoples who colonized the Americas came from (A) Asia (B) western Europe (C) the Mediterranean (D) Australia (E) Africa

(A) Asia

On which of these documents is Susan B. Anthony basing her appeal for women's equality? (A) Declaration of Independence. (B) Compromise of 1850. (C) Proclamation of Amnesty and Reconstruction. (D) Articles of Confederation.

(A) Declaration of Independence.

Which of the following is LEAST associated with the Populist movement? (A) Deregulation of railroads and utilities (B) Free coinage of silver (C) Secret ballot elections (D) Support of labor unions

(A) Deregulation of railroads and utilities

In an influential 1947 article, diplomat George F. Kennan advocated that the United States should (A) Focus its foreign policy on containing the spread of Soviet communism (B) Grant most-favored-nation status to China (C) Conduct covert activities in underdeveloped countries to undermine communist movements (D) Adopt a more conciliatory policy toward the Soviet Union (E) Invade the Soviet Union to establish democracy

(A) Focus its foreign policy on containing the spread of Soviet communism

During the 1930's, the Roosevelt administration did which of the following? (A) Formally renounced the right to intervene in Latin America. (B) Held a referendum in Puerto Rico on the commonwealth's entry to the Union. (C) Established the Organization of American States. (D) Granted immediate independence to the Philippines. (E) Ceded the Panama Canal Zone to Panama.

(A) Formally renounced the right to intervene in Latin America.

An overview of the Gilded Age and Progressive Era inevitably narrows to three major movements: (A) Industrialization, immigration, and urbanization. (B) Immigration, civil rights and urbanization (C) Civil rights, industrialization and immigration (D) Industrialization, civil rights and urbanization

(A) Industrialization, immigration, and urbanization.

Which idea would Sumner most likely support? (A) Laissez-faire (B) Socialism (C) Manifest Destiny (D) Gospel of wealth

(A) Laissez-faire

The excerpt above, from the essay by Glenda Elizabeth Gilmore, implies that historians of the Progressive movement have (A) Not written extensively on the contributions of black women to progressivism in the South because of a scarcity of documentary evidence. (B) Ignored the latent racism and white supremacy inherent in the Progressive movement. (C) Overemphasized the extent of African American participation in the Progressive movement in order to improve the public perception of the movement. (D) Failed to adequately explain why the agenda and goals of the Progressive movement never resonated with the African American community.

(A) Not written extensively on the contributions of black women to progressivism in the South because of a scarcity of documentary evidence.

During the 1920s, both the Saco and Vanzetti case and the rise of the new Ku Klux Klan reflected (A) Public fear and resentment of southern and eastern European immigrants (B) Growing lawlessness resulting from the passage of the Eighteenth Amendment (Prohibition) (C) Increased racism resulting from the migration of Black southerners to urban centers in the North (D) The decreased influence of fundamentalist religious groups (E) Widespread opposition to Congress' decision to join the League of Nations

(A) Public fear and resentment of southern and eastern European immigrants

Which of the following was most directly a cause of the success of the Populist party? (A) The growth of corporate power and banking interests inspired rural activists to lobby for political reform. (B) Western farmers and ranchers favored conservation and organized to promote the National Parks system. (C) After the Civil War, westward migration slowed, causing a long-term recession in many Western territories. (D) Western farmers resisted the mechanization of agriculture and resented government interference in rural affairs.

(A) The growth of corporate power and banking interests inspired rural activists to lobby for political reform.

The Supreme Court ruling in Korematsu v. United States upheld the constitutionality of (A) The internment of Japanese Americans as a wartime necessity (B) Flag burning as a form of free speech (C) Excluding Japanese American children from California public schools (D) Private prayer in public schools (E) Prohibiting Japanese workers from immigrating to the United States

(A) The internment of Japanese Americans as a wartime necessity

Which of the following statements about Supreme Court decisions during the latter part of the nineteenth century is most accurate? (A) They reduced federal power over the states by narrowly defining the applicability of the Constitution to state law. (B) They had little practical effect because the executive branch consistently refused to enforce the Court's rulings. (C) They used the Fourteenth Amendment to create numerous environmental regulations and human rights, stifling American business growth. (D) They cleared the way for the liberal reforms of the twentieth century by broadly interpreting constitutional guarantees of individual rights.

(A) They reduced federal power over the states by narrowly defining the applicability of the Constitution to state law.

The issue of freedom of the seas in World War I most closely resembles the cause of which of the following conflicts? (A) War of 1812 (B) The American Civil War (C) Mexican War of 1846 (D) Spanish-American War of 1898

(A) War of 1812

The assembly-line production of Henry Ford's Model T automobile resulted in which of the following by the end of the 1920s? (A) Widespread purchase of automobiles by average American families (B) The federal government's abandonment of research on air travel (C) A sharp decrease in railroad passenger traffic (D) The development of a large international market for American automobiles (E) Construction of the federal interstate highway system

(A) Widespread purchase of automobiles by average American families

Which of the following was *least* likely to be a Progressive in this era (1890-1920)? (A) A member of the Bull Moose party (B) A large stockholder in United States Steel (C) A member of the Protestant Social Gospel movement (D) A follower of Eugene Debs

(B) A large stockholder in United States Steel

The efforts described in the reading above occurred in the context of (A) Rapid industrialization in the South, which brought African American working-class activists in closer contact with whites. (B) A nadir (lowest point) in race relations in the United States as scientific" ideas about race, inaction by the federal government, and rigid segregation in the South relegated African Americans to a second -class status in the United States. (C) Unsuccessful efforts by the U.S. military to segregate units fighting in the Spanish -American War and World War I, but resistance by state governments to follow the lead of the military. (D) Increased federal support for civil rights measures in the United States, as American political leaders sought to bolster the democratic image of the United States on a global stage.

(B) A nadir (lowest point) in race relations in the United States as scientific" ideas about race, inaction by the federal government, and rigid segregation in the South relegated African Americans to a second -class status in the United States.

Which of the following best describes the Harlem Renaissance? (A) The establishment of motion picture palaces (B) An outpouring of Black artistic and literary creativity (C) The rehabilitation of a decaying urban area (D) The most famous art show of the early twentieth century (E) The beginning of the NAACP

(B) An outpouring of Black artistic and literary creativity

The American home front in the Second World War is best described as (A) Politically divided over the wisdom of the American war effort (B) Economically invigorated by military spending (C) Demoralized by food shortages (D) Unaffected by ethnic and racial tensions (E) Rededicated to the reform efforts of the New Deal

(B) Economically invigorated by military spending

Which of the following statements is the most widely accepted legacy of Christopher Columbus? (A) He bears much of the blame for oppressing Native American peoples in North America. (B) He started a permanent relationship between Europe and the Americas. (C) He discovered a New World. (D) His heroic deeds will always be respected by fair-minded American citizens. (E) He is responsible for most of the problems in the Americas during the colonial period.

(B) He started a permanent relationship between Europe and the Americas.

The economic reasoning behind the Ocala Platform assumes that (A) High tariffs had caused the rise in land prices (B) Increasing the money supply would increase prices and incomes (C) Large banks had formed a monopoly to lower interest rates (D) Federal income taxes fell mainly on average working Americans

(B) Increasing the money supply would increase prices and incomes

Which of the following statements about the Tennessee Valley Authority is correct? (A) It built interstate highways in the upper South. (B) It built dams that made rural electrification possible. (C) It provided land for immigrants who wanted to become farmers. (D) It was a state-sponsored agency established to restore eroded soil. (E) It was ruled unconstitutional by the Supreme Court.

(B) It built dams that made rural electrification possible.

Which of the following best characterizes the National Origins Act of 1924? (A) It established procedures for the immigration of alien spouses of United States citizens after 1935. (B) It established immigration quotas based on a percentage of each nationality residing in the United States in 1890. (C) It set restrictions on the importation of certain goods. (D) It allowed Chinese immigrants entry into the United States after 1930. (E) It allowed increased levels of immigration from southern and eastern Europe.

(B) It established immigration quotas based on a percentage of each nationality residing in the United States in 1890.

Which of the following groups would have most likely supported the scenario described in this passage? (A) American Temperance Union (B) National Woman Suffrage Association (C) Southern Christian Leadership Conference (D) Ku Klux Klan

(B) National Woman Suffrage Association

Theodore Roosevelt ran for president in 1912 because (A) The policies of William Howard Taft's administration were almost exclusively antiprogressive. (B) Of the Taft administration's decision to apply the Sherman Antitrust Act to United States Steel. (C) He was appalled by the results of the Ballinger-Pinchot Affair. (D) He desired to split the Republican party and give the election to the Democrats.

(B) Of the Taft administration's decision to apply the Sherman Antitrust Act to United States Steel.

McElroy 's letter uses humor to make a point. Which of the following statements reflects McElroy's true criticism? (A) Americans pay too much attention to politics (B) Politics was primarily about holding office for personal gain. (C) Elections were so close that for candidates it was similar to gambling (D) Lincoln was admired more than he deserved to be

(B) Politics was primarily about holding office for personal gain

Which of the following would most directly support the argument that Progressives were "exclusionary"? (A) Women's movements were sidelined by male-dominated governments (B) Progressives did little to end the segregation of African Americans (C) Most Progressive wanted to keep immigrants and laborers from voting (D) Rural agrarian reformers played little role in the movement

(B) Progressives did little to end the segregation of African Americans

Following the Civil War, most freed slaves (A) Joined the pioneering movement as it headed West (B) Stayed in the South and worked as sharecroppers (C) Took work building the nation's growing railroad system (D) Moved to the North to work in factories

(B) Stayed in the South and worked as sharecroppers

Successful reforms initiated by the Progressives included all but which of the following: (A) Governments became more efficient in American cities such as Cleveland. (B) The conditions of migrant farmers improved to some degree. (C) Health and safety conditions improved in some large factories. (D) The federal government began to collect a national income tax.

(B) The conditions of migrant farmers improved to some degree.

Which of the following is NOT a requirement set by the Reconstruction Act of 1867 for Southern states' readmission to the Union? (A) Blacks had to be allowed to participate in state conventions and state elections. (B) The state had to pay reparations and provide land grants to all former slaves. (C) The state had to ratify the Fourteenth Amendment to the Constitution. (D) The state had to rewrite its constitution and ratify it.

(B) The state had to pay reparations and provide land grants to all former slaves.

Which of the following is a major change in the status of women that occurred in the 1920s? (A) They were elected to federal office in large numbers. (B) They began to vote in national elections. (C) They began to serve in the armed forces. (D) They gained the right to initiate divorce proceedings. (E) They achieved income equality with men.

(B) They began to vote in national elections.

During the 1930's, the Great Depression led to (A) a decline in highway construction (B) a mass internal migration of Americans looking for work (C) a decrease in labor union membership (D) the nationalization of major industries (E) the strengthening of the family unit and a higher birth rate

(B) a mass internal migration of Americans looking for work

The flappers of the 1920's challenged traditional American attitudes about women by supporting (A) a federal law to establish prenatal clinics in rural areas (B) greater freedom in manner of dress and moral behavior (C) a federal birth control and abortion rights protection law (D) an equal rights amendment (E) gender equality in salaries

(B) greater freedom in manner of dress and moral behavior

"The Department of Justice will pursue the attack of these 'Reds' upon the Government of the United States with vigilance, and no alien, advocating the overthrow of existing law and order in this country, shall escape arrest and prompt deportation." The declaration above was made by: (A) Louis D. Brandeis (B) Robert M. La Follette (C) A. Mitchell Palmer (D) William Howard Taft (E) Theodore Roosevelt

Which of the following was NOT a figure in the Harlem Renaissance? (A) Zora Neale Hurston (B) Josephine Baker (C) A. Philip Randolph (D) Langston Hughes (E) James Weldon Johnson

An increase in which of the following was the key part of the Kansas-Nebraska Act to attract Southern support? A) Popular sovereignty B) Fugitive Slave Act C) Representation in Congress D) Transportation in the South

A) Popular sovereignty

Many Progressives agreed with Socialists that (A) Labor unions were inherently evil (B) Evolutionary tactics were needed to reform the economic and social systems (C) Capitalism had created massive inequality in America (D) The American factory system had to be fundamentally altered

The term "vertical integration" refers to (A) The industrial practice of assigning workers a single, repetitive task in order to maximize productivity (B) Reconstruction-era efforts to assimilate newly freed slaves into all social strata of American society (C) Control of all aspects of an industry, from production of raw materials to delivery of finished goods (D)An architectural movement that sought to blend urban skyscrapers with the natural landscape surrounding them

A. Mitchell Palmer's reaction to the threat of immigrants with potential communist ideologies was to... (A) Incarcerate, try and then execute them (B) Convince the President to issue an Executive Order to deport any undocumented immigrant with a criminal record (C) Deport them by the boatload (D) Force them into camps where they could be deprogrammed and retrained to accept Capitalism

Which of the following best describes a central point of A. Kent McDougall's argument above? (A) The successes of Spanish conquest in the New World did not result in a general economic improvement in Spain itself. (B) The large -scale migration of Spanish peasants to the New World left Spain with a scarcity of workers and a depressed economy. (C) During the age of exploration and conquest, a growing divide developed in Spain between the Catholic Church and the monarchy over the treatment of American Indians. (D) Spanish conquest of the New World Jed Spain to focus its military and diplomatic efforts toward subduing resistance in the New World and removing itself from the conflicts of Europe.

(C) During the age of exploration and conquest, a growing divide developed in Spain between the Catholic Church and the monarchy over the treatment of American Indians.

George W. Perkins believed that progress depended upon men learning to work together, but... (A) Was dismayed when women achieved the franchise, thus Destroying the premise (B) Only believed that T. Roosevelt could bring people together, and once he lost, the cause was also lost (C) He could not work in harness with others at the task of making a better world. (D) He did not like people

Which of the following is a correct statement about Harry S Truman? (A) He enjoyed the consistent support of Congress throughout his presidency (B) He enjoyed the consistent support of the public throughout his presidency (C) He proposed, through the Fair Deal, to continue and expand the aims of the New Deal. (D) He experienced few problems in the transition from a wartime to peacetime economy after the Second World War. (E) He pursued an increasingly conciliatory foreign policy toward the Soviet Union following the Second World War.

Policy initiatives during Franklin D. Roosevelt's first two presidential terms included all of the following EXCEPT (A) Creating new jobs in the public sector (B) Deficit financing (C) Nationalizing basic industries (D) Restoring public confidence in the banking system (E) Restricting agricultural production

The purpose of the Truman Doctrine of 1947 was to (A) Retake Eastern Europe from the Soviet Union (B) Decrease the risk of nuclear war by placing atomic weaponry under the control of the United Nations (C) Prevent communism from spreading further through military aggression (D) Create an atmosphere of trust in which negotiation with the Soviet Union would have the best chance for success (E) Prevent the spread of independence movements in European colonies in Asia and Africa

The purpose of the Lend-Lease Act was to (A) Provide subsidies to railroads and businesses (B) Exchange scientific information among nations (C) Provide military supplies to the Allies (D) Create military bases outside the borders of the United States (E) Lend money to impoverished farmers

All of the following contributed to the passage of the Eighteenth Amendment legislating Prohibition in 1919 EXCEPT (A) The cumulative impact of state prohibition laws (B) The fervor of the First World War lending patriotism to the cause of prohibition (C) The high death toll from alcohol-related automobile accidents (D) The continued efforts of the Anti-Saloon League (E) The Progressive belief in social reform

Which of the following is true of American women during the Second World War? (A) They organized labor unions and led strikes demanding better working conditions. (B) They married younger and had more children than women did before or after the war. (C) Those who took industrial jobs learned new skills and earned better pay than in jobs previously open to them. (D) Aside from participating in rationing programs, women contributed little to the war effort. (E) They initiated a visible and highly vocal feminist movement.

The Palmer raids of 1919 to 1920 were most closely related to the (A) enforcement of child labor laws (B) formation of the American Federation of Labor (C) fear of communism and radicalism (D) enforcement of prohibition (E) rise of racial unrest in the Midwest

Herbert Hoover responded to the onset of the Great Depression by (A) imposing price controls on farm goods (B) providing federal funds for the construction of low-cost housing (C) requesting that business leaders maintain levels of wages and production (D) enforcing antitrust statutes (E) expanding free trade with neighboring countries

American blacks were discouraged by their lack of racial progress during the Wilson administration. Which of the following is *not* true? (A) The film Birth of a Nation presented a positive view of blacks in Reconstruction states after the Civil War. (B) Black and Progressive leaders forged tight political bonds during the Wilson administration and battled for many of the same causes. (C) Booker T. Washington and Theodore Roosevelt developed close political ties after their two meetings together. (D) All of the above.

(D) All of the above.

Some critics maintained that the United States had no right to be outraged over the sinking of the Lusitania because (A) The Lusitania was carrying contraband, which meant that it could legally be sunk. (B) The Germans had sunk passenger ships before. (C) The Germans had placed advertisements in American newspapers warning Americans not to travel on the Lusitania. (D) All of the above.

(D) All of the above.

Which of the following was the immediate cause of the publication of the statement in this excerpt? (A) The election of Andrew Jackson (B) The decision to halt slave importation (C) A Supreme Court decision on states' rights (D) An increase in the tariff passed by Congress

(D) An increase in the tariff passed by Congress

During the 1930s Black voters overwhelmingly switched from the Republican Party to the Democratic Party because (A) President Roosevelt actively pursued race reform (B) southern Democrats widely favored abolishing the poll tax (C) the Ku Klux Klan was gaining power within the Republican Party (D) Black Americans benefited from some New Deal economic policies (E) the Democrats promised to end Prohibition

(D) Black Americans benefited from some New Deal economic policies

The language of this passage by Susan B. Anthony demonstrates which of the following continuities in U.S. history? (A) Debates over free speech. (B) Debates over federal power and states' rights. (C) Debates over the procedures of amending the Constitution. (D) Debates over voting rights.

(D) Debates over voting rights.

Which of the following best characterizes the writings of American authors F. Scott Fitzgerald, e. e. cummings, and Sinclair Lewis? (A) Celebration of Black culture (B) Glamorization of war (C) Reaffirmation of traditional American values (D) Disillusionment with modern American society (E) Glorification of modern American capitalism

(D) Disillusionment with modern American society

In proclaiming that all persons born in the United States were citizens, the 14th Amendment directly repudiated which of the following? A) Johnson's Reconstruction Plan (B) Wade-Davis Bill (C) Compromise of 1850 (D) Dred Scott Decision

(D) Dred Scott Decision

Defenders of corporate actions, such as the ones described in the passage above, would find support in (A) Upton Sinclair's novel, "The Jungle". (B) Henry George's proposal for a "single tax" on land. (C) The Omaha Platform of the Populist Platform. (D) Herbert Spencer and the ideas of social Darwinism.

(D) Herbert Spencer and the ideas of social Darwinism

As a result of the Emancipation Proclamation... (A) Maryland seceded from the Union (B) African Americans in the United States received the right to vote (C) All slaves in the Union and the Confederacy were declared free (D) Nearly 200,000 free blacks and escaped slaves joined the Union Army

(D) Nearly 200,000 free blacks and escaped slaves joined the Union Army

The objective of the Bonus Expeditionary Force that marched on Washington, D.C., in 1932 was to obtain (A) Civil rights for African Americans (B) Higher commodity prices for farmers (C) Better education for children (D) Payment of money to veterans of the First World War (E) Legal rights for members of the Communist party

(D) Payment of money to veterans of the First World War

During the late 19th century, which of the following groups most benefited from the poverty described by Riis? (A) Social scientist (B) Impressionists (C) Social Darwinists (D) Political Machines

(D) Political Machines

Around 1920, the number of children aged 10 to 15 in the industrial workforce began to decline for which of the following reasons? (A) Introduction of the minimum wage made child labor uneconomical. (B) Factory owners advocated state child labor laws. (C) The Supreme Court sustained laws barring the interstate sale of goods produced by child labor. (D) States began to require children to attend school until a certain age and to limit the ages at which they could be employed. (E) The American birth rate declined, thus reducing the number of children available to work.

(D) States began to require children to attend school until a certain age and to limit the ages at which they could be employed.

The decisions of the Supreme Court in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries generally did which of the following? (A) Strengthened the position of organized labor. (B) Protected the civil and political rights of African Americans. (C) Protected the civil and political rights of women. (D) Strengthened the position of big business. (E) Strengthened the regulatory powers of the federal government.

(D) Strengthened the position of big business.

Gifford Pinchot was known as (A) The first head of the Department of the Interior (B) The Guardian of the Desert (C) The Defender of the Oceans (D) The Father of the Forests

(D) The Father of the Forests

Susan B. Anthony and others in the women's rights movement had a major influence on the ratification of which of the following? (A) The Equal Rights Amendment. (B) The Fifteenth Amendment. (C) The Twenty-sixth Amendment (D) The Nineteenth Amendment.

(D) The Nineteenth Amendment.

All of the following events prepared America for war against Germany except (A) The Zimmermann Telegram (B) The sinking of the Lusitania (C) German policy concerning use of U-boats in 1917 (D) The Sussex Pledge

(D) The Sussex Pledge

Attempts to rein in the power of corporations, such as the Standard Oil Company, in the 1890s and 1900s (A) Were largely successful, as a coalition of reformers, political leaders, and labor leaders collaborated on realigning the American economy. (B) Were frequently approved by Congress but were stymied by presidential vetoes. (C) Were discussed by radical groups but were rejected by the vast majority of Americans as communistic and "anti-American." (D) Were often hindered by Supreme Court decisions that upheld the rights of business to operate without excessive government regulation.

(D) Were often hindered by Supreme Court decisions that upheld the rights of business to operate without excessive government regulation.

All of the following have been cited as reasons for the dropping of atomic bombs on Japan in 1945 EXCEPT the need to (A) force the unconditional surrender of Japan (B) save American lives (C) keep the Soviet Union out of the war against Japan (D) block a planned Japanese invasion of the United States (E) demonstrate American superiority in weaponry to the Soviet Union

(D) block a planned Japanese invasion of the United States

The purpose of the Agricultural Adjustment Act of 1933 was to (A) ease the economic difficulties of sharecroppers and tenant farmers (B) provide for the distribution of surplus meat and produce to the poor (C) expand agricultural production by subsidizing farmers (D) raise farm prices by limiting agricultural production (E) reapportion electoral districts to give farmers greater representation in Congress

(D) raise farm prices by limiting agricultural production

The Republican Presidents of the 1920's favored (A) reduced American tariffs on foreign imports (B) stringent federal regulation of American business (C) membership in the League of Nations (D) tax cuts for wealthy Americans (E) forgiveness of European war debts from the First World War

(D) tax cuts for wealthy Americans

The main goal of the Marshall Plan was to (A) Strengthen the Chinese nationalists against the Chinese communists (B) Speed the economic recovery and democratization of Japan (C) Defend Greece and Turkey from communist subversion (D) Create a strong military alliance between the United States and Western Europe (E) Finance the economic reconstruction of Western Europe

(E) Finance the economic reconstruction of Western Europe

Which of the following is true of the 1935 Social Security Act? (A) It created benefits for the needy by using taxes on corporate profits. (B) It provided health insurance for anyone who needed it. (C) It made the United States the first industrialized country to provide a social welfare system. (D) It was ended during the first hundred days of the New Deal. (E) It legislated a tax that transfers money from workers to pensioners.

(E) It legislated a tax that transfers money from workers to pensioners.

An underlying cause of the Great Depression, which began in 1929, was (A) The implementation of free-trade policies after the First World War (B) The budget deficit incurred after the First World War (C) Excessive government control of business and industry (D) Withdrawal of foreign investments from the United States (E) Overproduction in the manufacturing and farm sectors

(E) Overproduction in the manufacturing and farm sectors

What was the main reason for the major decrease in the number of Europeans immigrating to the United States in the 1920s? (A) Most European countries passed laws forbidding immigration to the United States. (B) Fear of political persecution after the Palmer raids and the Sacco and Vanzetti case discouraged many Europeans from emigrating. (C) A significant increase in emigration from Latin America left fewer jobs for European immigrants. (D) There was widespread prosperity in Europe after the First World War. (E) The United States passed the National Origins Act.

(E) The United States passed the National Origins Act.

President Herbert Hoover approached the task of caring for unemployed workers during the Great Depression by (A) reactivating the dole (B) asking large corporations to hire war veterans (C) relying on the services of federal welfare agencies (D) enlarging the federal government's payroll (E) emphasizing the importance of private charities

(E) emphasizing the importance of private charities

The purpose of the immigration restriction acts passed in the 1920s was to (A) exclude Chinese immigration for a period of ten years (B) deny citizenship to immigrants from Asia and Africa (C) favor southern and eastern European immigration (D) limit immigration from Canada and Mexico (E) favor northern and western European immigration

(E) favor northern and western European immigration

President Calvin Coolidge and his secretary of the Treasury, Andrew Mellon, pursued an economic policy that featured (A) effective regulation of the stock market and Wall Street (B) a bimetallic monetary standard (C) innovative programs to help beleaguered farmers (D) a sustained downward revision of the tariff (E) tax cuts for the wealthy and corporations

(E) tax cuts for the wealthy and corporations

Which of the following was not one of the examples of moments economic, social and religious change highlighted in Gary B. Nash's "The Transformation of European Society"? 1) The Great Awakening, which was a "cultural crisis". 2) A shattering of the "utopian dream" that communities should consist of people who work for the common good. 3) A growing fear of immigrants from Slavic and Eastern Europe, which would drive "economic ruin" into a growing and promising economy. 4) Great economic and population grown and an emphasis on aggressive individualism.

A growing fear of immigrants from Slavic and Eastern Europe, which would drive "economic ruin" into a growing and promising economy.

The Virginia Plan proposed a significant change to the government of the United States. Identify the response that best resembles the proposal. 1) A system of government where power is focused at the state and local level with a central government focusing on foreign affairs. 2) A national government consisting of a supreme Legislature, Executive, and Judicary. 3) A government modeled after the British parlimentary government. 4) A government with a single authoritarian party that controls both political and economic systems.

A national government consisting of a supreme Legislature, Executive, and Judicary.

Thomas Jefferson believed all of the following EXCEPT: 1) A strong national army is essential to keep order in the United States. 2) The president should practice republican simplicity. 3) The farmer is the backbone of American society. 4) The government is best that governs least. 5) Freedom of speech is essential in a republic.

A strong national army is essential to keep order in the United States.

To issue an Emancipation Proclamation , President Lincoln felt that he needed which of the following? A) A military victory B) Republican control of Congress C) Supreme Court approval D) A Constitutional Amendment

A) A military victory

The development of which of the following best demonstrates the growing power of the nativist movement in the mid-19th century? A) A political party B) A secret society C) A series of restrictive laws D) A belief in nationalism

A) A political party

What scent directs Buford to headquarters? (from Wednesday, July 1, 1863, The First Day, Chapter 7, Buford) A) Cigar smoke B) Cooking meat C) Burning wood D) Fresh-dug earth

A) Cigar smoke

What does Longstreet contemplate when he realizes the battle is lost? (from Friday, July 3, 1863, Chapter 5, Longstreet) A) Committing suicide by walking toward the enemy. B) Finding Lee and yelling at him. C) Changing sides and fighting for the North. D) Going home and leaving the war behind.

A) Committing suicide by walking toward the enemy.

What does Longstreet want Lee to do now that the Union army is retreating? (from Wednesday, July 1, 1863, The First Day, Chapter 3, Lee) A) Disengage and move the troops between Gettysburg and D.C. B) Call a truce to discuss the Union's surrender. C) Interrogate the prisoners to find out the Union's overall strategy. D) Attack with all force

A) Disengage and move the troops between Gettysburg and D.C.

How does Lee calm his worries? (from Wednesday, July 1, 1863, The First Day, Chapter 3, Lee) A) He prays quickly. B) He breathes deeply. C) He takes a drink of whisky. D) He confers with Longstreet.

A) He prays quickly.

How had Buford changed the fighting style of his men? A) He taught them to use repeating carbines B) He had them dig trenches C) He taught them to fight dismounted D) He had them attack at night

A) He taught them to use repeating carbines

Who does Lee blame for the failure of Pickett's Charge? (from Friday, July 3, 1863, Chapter 5, Longstreet) A) Himself B) Longstreet C) Ewell D) Pickett

A) Himself

Which of the following caused the movement described in the excerpt? A) Immigration B) Importation of slaves C) Naturalization laws D) War of 1812

A) Immigration

Which of the following acts of Congress was declared unconstitutional in the Dred Scott decision? A) Missouri Compromise of 1820 B) Compromise of 1850 C) Kansas-Nebraska Act D) Fugitive Slave Law E) All of the Above

A) Missouri Compromise of 1820

Now that nearly half of his regiment is gone, what does Rice tell Chamberlain to do? (from Thursday, July 2, 1863, The Second Day, Chapter 4, Chamberlain) A) Occupy the big, wooded hill. B) Take care of the wounded. C) Move his remaining men out of harm's way for the time being. D) Join his men to Sickles' regiment.

A) Occupy the big, wooded hill.

Which of the following describes a reason not mentioned by Strong in this excerpt that ultimately stopped Britain from recognizing the Confederacy? A) Opposition from the British working class B) Concern about causing problems in Canada C) Desire for closer ties with Mexico D) Respect for the Monroe Doctrine

A) Opposition from the British working class

Chief Justice Taney's basic ruling in the Dred Scott case was based on which of the following principles? A) Since slaves were property, they could not sue B) Since slaves did not pay taxes, they had no legal rights C) Since Scott had returned to a slave state, he was still a slave D) Since Congress could not define slavery, it could not regulate it

A) Since slaves were property, they could not sue

What strikes Chamberlain most about the battle? (from Friday, July 3, 1863, Chapter 6, Chamberlain) A) The beauty of it B) The incredible noise C) he courage his brother showed D) The deep fear he had felt

A) The beauty of it

Which of the following groups held views most similar to the ideas expressed in this excerpt? A) Transcendentalists B) Millennialists C) Phalanxes D) Revivalists

A) Transcendentalists

The major opposition to the Mexican War was based on the belief that A) it would expand slavery B) Thoureau's ideas about non-violence were correct C) the nation could not pay for a war D) the British would intervene

A) it would expand slavery

President Jackson's guiding principle to check "the injustices of government" was A) limited government B) the two-party system C) universal suffrage D) civil service system

A) limited government

In Lakota, "wasichu" refers to A) non-natives who take the best for themselves B) dishonorable whites C) natives who break treaties with the Federal government D) non-natives who share all with their Indian brothers

A) non-natives who take the best for themselves

The development of commercial farming in the Old Northwest by the time of this excerpt was written gave support to A) population growth in Eastern cities B) higher crop prices C) expansion of slavery D) Western settlements

A) population growth in Eastern cities

When the Emancipation Proclamation was issued at the beginning of 1863, its immediate effect was to A) strengthen the moral cause of the Union B) abolish slavery C) end the Civil War D) free slaves held in the border states E) alienate Britain and France

A) strengthen the moral cause of the Union

The Fifteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution established A) that suffrage cannot be denied based on race, color, or previous servitude B) the freedom of all slaves not emancipated under Abraham Lincoln's proclamation C) the power of the federal government to intervene in state affairs to protect individual liberties D) the right of citizenship for any person born in the United States E) federal protection for African Americans from Ku Klux Klan terrorism

A) that suffrage cannot be denied based on race, color, or previous servitude

In July of 1861, President Lincoln was particularly concerned about how his policies on slavery would affect which areas? A) the states in white because they were slave states that remained in the Union B) the region in light gray because it consisted of territories that had not yet become states C) the states in dark gray because he thought he could persuade them to rejoin the Union D) the states in medium gray because they were home to most of his political supporters

A) the states in white because they were slave states that remained in the Union

The main goal of the American Colonization Society was to promote colonization in 1) Africa by free Black persons and former slaves 2) Mexico by White Americans 3) the Mexican Cession by White Americans 4) the American West by eastern American Indians 5) Cuba by White Americans

Africa by free Black persons and former slaves

David McCullough, in "Why History", stated history shows us how to behave. History teaches and reinforces what we believe in, what we stand for, stand up for. 1) shows us what choices there are 2) is-or should be-the bedrock of patriotism, not the chest-pounding kind of patriotism but the real thing, love of country 3) encourages, as nothing else does, a sense of proportion about life, gives us a sense of how brief is our time on earth and thus how valuable that time is. 4) All of the Above 5) None of the Above

All of the Above

Locke's writings had the most direct influence on the 1) Great Awakening 2) American Revolution 3) Mayflower Compact 4) Zenger case

American Revolution

Which of the following parts of the Compromise of 1850 was the most appealing to the North? A) Ending the slave trade in Washington, D.C. B) Admitting California as a free state C) Passing a new Fugitive Slave Law D) Using popular sovereignty in new territories

B) Admitting California as a free state

The Union was most disturbed because they believed that Britain was supporting the Confederate s by doing which of the following? A) Supplying food B) Building warships C) Purchasing cotton D) Loaning money

B) Building warships

What does Chamberlain decide to do when his men run out of ammunition? (from Thursday, July 2, 1863, The Second Day, Chapter 4, Chamberlain) A) Ride to Col. Vincent to request more ammunition. B) Fix bayonets and charge. C) Move his men to the right to join other troops. D) Show a white flag and surrender.

B) Fix bayonets and charge

Which of the following statements best describes the states in medium gray? A) Most people advocated abolition of slavery B) They lacked good river transportation C) Most people lived in large cities D) They included most of the country's population

D) They included most of the country's population

Which of the following statements about African American soldiers during the Civil War is correct? A) They were primarily engaged in military campaigns west of the Mississippi. B) For most of the war, they were paid less than White soldiers of equal rank. C) For most of the war, they were led by African American officers. D) They were limited to noncombat duty. E) They were barred from receiving awards for valor in combat

B) For most of the war, they were paid less than White soldiers of equal rank.

What is Longstreet struggling with throughout the chapter? (from Thursday, July 2, 1863, The Second Day, Chapter 5, Longstreet) A) Losing faith in the abilities of his men. B) His disagreement with Lee and whether or not to just follow orders. C) Fighting a war that is about slavery. D) The loss of Stonewall Jackson.

B) His disagreement with Lee and whether or not to just follow orders.

What does Longstreet think could lose the war? (from Wednesday, July 1, 1863, The First Day, Chapter 5, Longstreet) A) Cowardice B) Honor C) Dishonesty D) Loyalty

B) Honor

Which of the following caused the movement described in the excerpt A) War of 1812 B) Immigration C) Naturalization laws D) Importation of slaves

B) Immigration

Based on Transcendentalist ideas , penitentiaries were "designed so that every prisoner would live in solitary confinement, and would therefore have time to think and reform." (Jacksonland). This idea was opposed by A) the Millennialists, who believed that the end was near, and prisoners should be set free to meet their maker. B) Lafayette, who believed solitary confinement was torture. C) Jackson, who thought hard labor was a better path to reformation. D) Henry Clay, who espoused the idea of "prison yards" where prisoners could exercise and commune with each other.

B) Lafayette, who believed solitary confinement was torture.

The first free public education system in the United States began in which of the following colonies? A) New York B) Massachusetts C) Virginia D) Pennsylvania

B) Massachusetts

Which of the following was NOT passed during the Civil War: A) Homestead Act B) Morrill Tariff Act C) Pacific Railway Act D) Mandatory Draft Act E) Legal Tender Act

B) Morrill Tariff Act

Which of the following parts of the Compromise of 1850 was the most appealing to the South? A) Using popular sovereignty in new territories B) Passing a new Fugitive Slave Law C) Ending the slave trade in Washington, D.C. D) Admitting California as a free state

B) Passing a new Fugitive Slave Law

Winthrop suggests that Polk 's slogan of "Fifty-four Forty or Fight!" was based mainly on which of the following attitudes? A) Polk held strong anti-British sentiments B) Polk hoped to get political benefit C) Polk believed the country needed more free land D) Polk felt pressure from Southerners

B) Polk hoped to get political benefit

How does Armistead get his men's attention when he goes to help Kemper? (from Friday, July 3, 1863, Chapter 4, Armistead) A) Blows a bugle call. B) Puts his hat on top of his uplifted sword. C) Waves a flag in the air. D) Shoots his gun into the air.

B) Puts his hat on top of his uplifted sword.

What does Longstreet think he should do but cannot? (from Friday, July 3, 1863, Chapter 2, Longstreet) A) Lead the attack from the front line. B) Resign his position. C) Find a place to get some rest. D) Send scouts for additional ammunition.

B) Resign his position.

To which politicians is Clay directing the last line of the excerpt? A) Advocates of popular sovereignty B) Southerners who were threatening to secede C) Senators such as Daniel Webster who rejected any compromise D) The president, Zachary Taylor

B) Southerners who were threatening to secede

Which of the following served as a major cause of the war with Mexico? A) The election of 1844 B) The annexation of Texas C) The Louisiana Purchase D) The Monroe Doctrine

B) The annexation of Texas

Why does Longstreet stay up as late as possible? (from Wednesday, July 1, 1863, The First Day, Chapter 5, Longstreet) A) To study the battle plans carefully. B) To avoid thinking about his children. C) To await orders from Lee. D) To explain strategy to Fremantle.

B) To avoid thinking about his children.

How does Pickett respond to his orders? (from Friday, July 3, 1863, Chapter 2, Longstreet) A) With excitement, but some doubts B) With great enthusiasm C) Soberly and somberly D) With some hesitation

B) With great enthusiasm

President Jackson's veto of the Bank bill would contribute most significantly to A) Clay's political support B) a financial panic C) increased land sales D) lower interest rates

B) a financial panic

Van Buren believed that the strength of the American economy was based on A) the manufacturing sector B) farmers and planters C) the banking system D) the Specie Circular

B) farmers and planters

The principle reason Lee didn't want to believe the spy was that A) he trusted J.E.B. Stuart to keep him informed of the movement of the Union Army B) he knew that paid spies could never be trusted C) his intelligence had placed the Army of the Potomac somewhere southwest of Fredericksburg D) Harrison had been suspected of selling information to the Federal Army

B) he knew that paid spies could never be trusted

Longstreet had stopped playing poker with his men because A) he was nervous about the upcoming battle B) he missed his three children, all of whom had died within a week C) he was feeling sick and sore from an injury at Chancellorsville D) Lee disapproved of poker playing among his officers

B) he missed his three children, all of whom had died within a week

General Pickett was worried that A) J.E.B. Stuart had been killed B) his men were last in the line of march and would miss the battle C) his girlfriend would marry someone else while he was at war D) his men were not sufficiently equipped to fight another prolonged battle

B) his men were last in the line of march and would miss the battle

Chamberlain got more men in his regiment because A) he requested reinforcements because he wanted to be able to hold the high ground B) mutineers from another regiment were given to him C) Reynolds was killed and Chamberlain took over the command of his men D) the regiments were reformed as a result of heavy casualties at Chancellorsville

B) mutineers from another regiment were given to him

Urban workers such as the Philadelphia Mechanics' Union of Trade Associations believed they could improve their conditions through labor unions and A) courts B) political parties C) ethnic societies D) churches

B) political parties

In adopting the Fourteenth Amendment, Congress was primarily concerned with A) guaranteeing all citizens the right to vote B) protecting legislation guaranteeing civil rights to former slaves C) ending slavery D) establishing the Freedmen's Bureau E) protecting the powers of the southern state governments established under Andrew Johnson

B) protecting legislation guaranteeing civil rights to former slaves

Mathew would probably apply his warning, "not use our liberty for a cloak of maliciousness" to 1) the Mayflower Compact 2) the Zenger case 3) the Act of Toleration 4) Bacon's Rebellion

Bacon's Rebellion

Which of the following was the immediate cause of the publication of the statement in this excerpt? A) A Supreme Court decision on states' rights B) The decision to halt slave importation C) An increase in the tariff passed by Congress D) The election of Andrew Jackson

C) An increase in the tariff passed by Congress

The US Sanitary Commission was headed by: A) Mary Lincoln B) Clara Barton C) Elizabeth Blackwell D) Dorothea Dix

C) Elizabeth Blackwell

The opposition to foreigners is most similar to the view that many had toward which of the following in America at this time? A) Southerners B) Women C) Free African Americans D) Unions

C) Free African Americans

Why does Longstreet tell Hood not to attack to the right? (from Thursday, July 2, 1863, The Second Day, Chapter 3, Longstreet) A) He knows the enemy is reforming for just such an attack. B) He thinks an attack on the right will fail. C) He does not want to go against Lee again. D) He wants Hood to stay where he is as a buffer between Longstreet and the enemy.

C) He does not want to go against Lee again.

What is causing Lee frustration at the start of the battle? (from Wednesday, July 1, 1863, The First Day, Chapter 3, Lee) A) His officers are not following his orders. B) His health is preventing him from getting close to the action. C) He has still heard nothing from Stuart. D) He has more troops, yet the Union seems to be winning already.

C) He has still heard nothing from Stuart.

What compliment does Reynolds pay Buford? (from Wednesday, July 1, 1863, The First Day, Chapter 2, Buford) A) He's the best calvary leader in the army. B) He is not a great horseman, but he knows how to choose ground. C) If he survives, he might make a soldier one day. D) He's the best-dressed soldier in the Union army.

C) If he survives, he might make a soldier one day.

What is unusual about Buford's reaction to Reynolds' arrival? (from Wednesday, July 1, 1863, The First Day, Chapter 2, Buford) A) Buford is disappointed that Reynolds is taking command. B) Buford is more frightened of Reynolds than of Heth. C) It is the first time Buford is happy to see the appearance of higher command. D) Buford is angry that it has taken Reynolds so long to respond.

C) It is the first time Buford is happy to see the appearance of higher command.

President Polk was motivated to reject the treaty with Mexico because of which of the following? A) Many Whigs opposed the treaty and were willing to continue the war B) The United States was in a dispute with Great Britain over the Canadian border C) Many Southerners wanted the United States to get larger gains in territory D) The treaty called for the United Staes to give up the territories known as Upper California and New Mexico

C) Many Southerners wanted the United States to get larger gains in territory

Which of the following political groups had its efforts to find a compromise over slavery effectively ended by Taney's decision in the Dred Scott case? A) Free-Soil Party B) Constitution Union Party C) Northern Democrats D) Whigs

C) Northern Democrats

Which of these groups would most strongly agree with Stevens on his view of education? A) Transcendentalists B) Jacksonian Democrats C) Protestant churches D) Business leaders

C) Protestant churches

Whose presence does Lee feel during his meeting with Ewell, Early and Rodes? (from Wednesday, July 1, 1863, The First Day, Chapter 6, Lee) A) His son, Rooney's B) The first man he killed in combat C) Stonewall Jackson's D) John Reynolds'

C) Stonewall Jackson's

President Polk accepted a compromise with Britain on the Oregon dispute because A) the British offered a large payment B) the people who settled in California were successful C) The United States was facing problems with Mexico D) the Russians were becoming involved

C) The United States was facing problems with Mexico

President Lincoln delayed issuing an Emancipation Proclamation because of his concern that it would A) decrease power of the cotton industry B) free slaves before they were ready C) cause the border states to secede D) increase foreign support for the Confederacy

C) cause the border states to secede

The crop that best fits Downing's description as one of the "great staples" in mid-19th century America was A)tobacco B) corn C) cotton D) sugar

C) cotton

General Armistead was hoping to A) go home to his wife before the end of the summer B) retire from the military before he was shot C) go over to the Union side under a flag of truce to see his friend, General Hancock D) convince Generals Lee and Longstreet to retreat to a better position

C) go over to the Union side under a flag of truce to see his friend, General Hancock

While Calhoun and many other Southerners disagreed with President Jackson's opposition to nullification, they agreed with him on A) his opposition to states' rights B) his support for higher federal spending C) his opposition to the anti-slavery movement D) his support for a national bank

C) his opposition to the anti-slavery movement

Stevens disagrees with those who oppose free public education because A) schools lack qualified teachers B) schools are under Protestant influences C) it will result in increased taxes D) it is an example of government control

C) it will result in increased taxes

Which of the following best summarizes the attitude toward religious beliefs expressed in this document? 1) The colony should be reserved for the one specific type of Christianity approved by the local government officials 2) Christians should be able to practice their faith without fear of persecution 3) All individuals should be free to believe or not believe in God as they wished 4) Religion was a personal matter that the government should not try to influence

Christians should be able to practice their faith without fear of persecution

Fill in the blank: The shaping of a draft constitution was placed today in the hands of five delegates, elected as a ________________ to draw up a document "comfortable to the Resolutions passes by the convention. (Hint: This is the second committee created) 1) Grand Committee 2) Committee of Detail 3) Supreme Committee 4) Committee of Style 5) Review Committee

Committee of Detail

On June 24th 1787, James Madison presented a proposal to pay congressmen for a full year after the expiration of their term. What was he trying to prevent with this proposal? 1) Congressmen becoming poor due to lack of pay. 2) High turnover within congress 3) Congressmen receiving federal offices due to friendships within congress. 4) Congressmen raising taxes immediately before they left office.

Congressmen receiving federal offices due to friendships within congress.

"I wish I knew what mighty things were fabricating. If a form of government is to be established here, what one will be assumed? Will it be left to our assemblies to choose one? And will not many men have many minds? And shall we not run into dissensions among ourselves?" "I am more and more convinced that man is a dangerous creature; and that power, whether vested in many or a few, is ever grasping...." "How shall we be governed so as to retain our liberties? Who shall frame these laws? Who will give them force and energy..." "When I consider these things, and the prejudices of people in favor of ancient customs and regulation, I feel anxious for the fate of our monarchy or democracy, or whatever is to take place." Abigail Adams, Letter to John Adams, November 27, 1775 Which of the following BEST expresses the view of Abigail Adams about power, liberty, or prejudices? 1) Corruption is an ever present vice for men entrusted with power. 2) People can overcome prejudice by spending time with each other. 3) Sit down John! 4) Power can be harnessed in the right hands 5) Liberties should apply to all

Corruption is an ever present vice for men entrusted with power.

What does Chamberlain think will happen if the South wins?(from Thursday, July 2, 1863, The Second Day, Chapter 2, Chamberlain) A) The South will eventually overtake the North. B) The South will become a British protectorate. C) The North and South will eventually reunify. D) America will become two countries.

D) America will become two countries.

Workers in the 1820s faced difficulty because of problems with A) ethnic rivalries B) inventions C) transportation D) federal laws

D) Federal Laws

Thoreau believed that a just man should be prepared to do which of the following? A) Organize opposition B) Run for elected office C) Overthrow the government D) Go to jail for his beliefs

D) Go to jail for his beliefs

Why is Reynolds no longer in command? (from Wednesday, July 1, 1863, The First Day, Chapter 2, Buford) A) He has been severely injured and is taken to the hospital tent. B) His horse gets startled by the cannonfire and runs off with him. C) Gen. Meade has arrived and removed him from command. D) He has been killed.

D) He has been killed.

Which of the following statements is NOT true of Buford? A) He was the first Union officer to arrive in Gettysburg B) He held the high ground through the first day C) He was a cavalry scout with only two brigades D) He was the first officer shot at Gettysburg

D) He was the first officer shot at Gettysburg

Which of the following individuals would be most critical of Van Buren's economic policy as presented in this excerpt? A) Roger Taney B) Andrew Jackson C) Robert Hayne D) Henry Clay

D) Henry Clay

Which of the following is or are most similar to the statement in the excerpt? A) Monroe Doctrine B) Tallmage Amendment C) Specie Circular D) Kentucky and Virginia Resolutions

D) Kentucky and Virginia Resolutions

Buford looks for ___________. (from Wednesday, July 1, 1863, The First Day, Chapter 7, Buford) A) Relief from his command B) Food for his men C) Additional ammunition D) Orders

D) Orders

Which of the following ideas is Douglas appealing to when he says, "whether the people of the territories shall be allowed to do as they please upon the question of slavery"? A) The right of secession B) The distinction between a territory and a state C) The Crittenden Compromise D) Popular sovereignty

D) Popular sovereignty

What image once more haunts Chamberlain? (from Friday, July 3, 1863, Chapter 6, Chamberlain) A) The face of the officer he shot with his pistol. B) Kilrain down and wounded. C) The wounded escaped slave, looking to him for help D) Putting his brother in the hole in the line.

D) Putting his brother in the hole in the line.

Sojourner Truth strongly rejects criticisms of women that are based on which of the following? A) The ideas of transcendentalism B) The working status of women C) The cult of domesticity D) The teachings of religion

D) The teachings of religion

Which of the following statements best describes the states in dark gray (black)? A) They had a strong navy B) They were economically self-sufficient C) They were well connected by railroads D) They had a strong military tradition

D) They had a strong military tradition

Once the Union soldiers start retreating, what is Lee's goal? (from Wednesday, July 1, 1863, The First Day, Chapter 3, Lee) A) To go after the Union commanders to create fear in the infantry. B) To force the Union out of Gettysburg entirely. C) To fall back to a stronghold outside of Gettysburg. D) To keep pushing to capture the hill.

D) To keep pushing to capture the hill.

Which of the following groups provided the greatest support for Jackson's veto of the Bank? A) Manufacturers B) Southerners C) Nativists D) Westerners

D) Westerners

Thoreau challenged the government because A) he rejected all forms of government B) it engaged in a war to take land from Mexico C) it taxed people without representation D) he opposed war in all cases

D) he opposed war in all cases

One of the primary reasons to form a union during this period was to A) show racial solidarity B) prevent immigration C) win a shorter work week D) improve working conditions

D) improve working conditions

Fremantle was A) a retired general who had served under Washington in the Revolution B) a newspaper reporter from New York, sent to cover the southern perspective on the war C) a military advisor sent from Jefferson Davis to confer with Lee and Longstreet D) observing the Confederate army to report back to the Queen of England

D) observing the Confederate army to report back to the Queen of England

In 1861 the North went to war with the South primarily to A) forestall a Southern invasion of the North B) prevent European powers from meddling in American affairs C) avenge political defeats and insults inflicted by the South D) preserve the Union E) liberate the slaves

D) preserve the Union

Sojourner Truth saw connection between the women's rights movement and A) the Second Great Awakening B) the Constitution C) the cult of domesticity D) the antislavery movement

D) the antislavery movement

Northerners were most upset by the Supreme Court 's Dred Scott decision because A) several justices were slave owners B) the Court included no Republican Justices C) blacks and whites were not treated equally D) the decision allowed slavery in the territories

D) the decision allowed slavery in the territories

The belief by some Americans that the Civil War was "a rich man's war but a poor man's fight" was reflected in A) Thoreau's denunciation of the war B) John Brown's raid on Harpers Ferry C) Sherman's march to Atlanta D) the draft riots in New York City E) Lincoln's suspension of habeas corpus in the South

D) the draft riots in New York City

A major part of the Confederate strategy for winning independence was based on A) developing factories to manufacture weapons B) encircling the Union capital, Washington, D.C. C) building a modern navy to break the Union blockade D) winning recognition and support from Great Britain

D) winning recognition and support from Great Britain

It is inseparably essential to the freedom of a People, and the undoubted Right if Englishmen, that no taxes be imposed on them, but with their own Consent, given personally, or by their representatives... that it is the indispensable duty of these colonies, to the best of sovereigns...to procure the repeal of the act for granting and applying certain stamp duties, of all clauses of any other acts of Parliament...for the restriction of American Commerce. -Resolutions of the Stamp Act Congress, 1765 Which of the following was a direct British response to the colonial views expressed by the Stamp Act Congress? 1) Declaratory Act stating the right to tax 2) Quartering Act for British soldiers 3) Sugar Act taxing luxuries 4) Coercive Act closing the port of Boston

Declaratory Act stating the right to tax

It is inseparably essential to the freedom of a People, and the undoubted Right if Englishmen, that no taxes be imposed on them, but with their own Consent, given personally, or by their representatives... that it is the indispensable duty of these colonies, to the best of sovereigns...to procure the repeal of the act for granting and applying certain stamp duties, of all clauses of any other acts of Parliament...for the restriction of American Commerce. -Resolutions of the Stamp Act Congress, 1765 For the first time, the Stamp Act placed on the colonies a tax that was ______ 1) Indirect 2) to regulate trade 3) to support a church 4) Direct

Direct

Which of the following was not an initial result of interaction between Spanish explorers and Native Americans? 1) Diseases that killed many of the Native Americans 2) Spread of Catholicism among Native Americans 3) Plants from South and Central America being sent back to Europe 4) Domestication by Native Americans of animals brought by Spanish explorers

Domestication by Native Americans of animals brought by Spanish explorers

Benjamin Robbins Curtis was a Supreme Court justice from 1851 to 1857. He espoused in the Dred Scott case of 1857: A) That the free native-born citizens of each State are citizens of the United States B) That as free colored persons born within some of the States are citizens of those States, such persons are also citizens of the United States C) That every...citizen, residing in any State has the rise to sue...in the Federal courts.... D) the Constitution was not made exclusively for the white race. E) All of the Above

E) All of the Above

Which of the following was the most direct catalyst for the secession of South Carolina? A) The Wilmot Proviso B) The Dred Scott decision C) The attack on Charles Sumner D) John Brown's raid on Harpers Ferry E) The election of 1860

E) The election of 1860

The primary market for the Virginia tobacco crop during this period was 1) Africa 2) Virginia 3) England 4) New England

England

President Washington's Neutrality Proclamation of 1793 was issued in response to 1) French diplomatic overtures to invoke the Franco-American Alliance 2) Dutch economic activity in the mid-Atlantic states 3) Spanish expansion in the Southeast 4) English boycotts of selected American manufactures 5) Canadian alliances with northern American Indians

French diplomatic overtures to invoke the Franco-American Alliance

How is the topic of Locke 's writing similar to most writing in the colonies in the 18th century? 1) He wrote about politics , and most writing was about politics or religion 2) He wrote about nature, and most writing was about nature or agriculture 3) He wrote about freemen, and most writing was about freedom and slavery 4) He wrote about the rights of the majority, and most writing was about rights and liberties

He wrote about politics , and most writing was about politics or religion

Before 1800, which of the following European imports had the greatest impact on the lives of the Plains Indians? 1) Horses 2) Cattle 3) Money 4) Steel plow 5) Christianity

Horses

The concern expressed in this excerpt helps explain why the British passed the 1) Peace of Paris 2) Albany Plan of Union 3) Quartering Act 4) Proclamation of 1763

Proclamation of 1763

With the history of powerful and unaccountable executive power in mind, Georg Mason argued,"Shall any man be above Justice? Shall the man who has practiced corruption & by that means procured his appointment in the first instance, be allowed to escape punishment?" What check on power was Mason arguing for? 1) Impeachment 2) Veto 3) Assassination 4) Recount of electoral votes

Impeachment

"It is not denied that there are implied as well as express powers, and that the former are as effectually delegated as the latter. It is conceded that implied powers are to be considered as delegated equally with express ones. Then it follows, that as a power of erecting a corporation [such as a bank] may as well be implied as any other thing, it may as well be employed as an instrument or means of carrying into execution any of the specified powers...but one may be erected in relation to the trade with foreign countries, or to the trade between States...because it is the province of the federal government to regulate those objects, and because it is incident to a general sovereign or legislative power to regulate a thing, to employ all the means which relate to its regulation to the best and greatest advantage." -- Alexander Hamilton, Constitutionality of the Bank of the United States Hamilton's constitutional argument was based on which of the following types of power? 1) Regulated 2) Employed 3) Implied 4) Expressed

Implied

Which of the following groups made up most of the servants referred to in the passage? 1) Enslave Africans 2) American Indians 3) Women whose husbands had escaped 4) Indentured servants from Europe

Indentured servants from Europe

Which of the following supplied the largest number of immigrants to the United States during the first half of the nineteenth century? 1) England 2) The Netherlands 3) Ireland 4) The German states 5) Africa

Ireland

Which of the following is true of the case of Marbury v. Madison ? 1) It established that Congress had the sole right to formulate national legislation. 2) It backed William Marbury in his request for a bank charter. 3) It determined the Senate's right to "advise and consent." 4) It affirmed the principle of judicial review. 5) It supported Thomas Jefferson in his claim to have "executive review."

It affirmed the principle of judicial review.

The Second Great Awakening did which of the following? 1) It emphasized reason and logic over emotionalism in religious matters. 2) It increased Protestant toleration for Catholics and Jews. 3) It resulted in a sharp decline in church membership. 4) It produced increased respect for civil authority. 5) It encouraged conversion to evangelical Christianity.

It encouraged conversion to evangelical Christianity.

All of the following accurately describe Jefferson's purchase of the Louisiana Territory from France EXCEPT: 1) It was made possible by the failure of Napoleon's forces to suppress a slave revolt in Haiti. 2) It opened the Mississippi River permanently to western farmers. 3) It violated Jefferson's own views concerning the strict construction of the Constitution. 4) It showed Jefferson's considerable flexibility in dealing with foreign policy. 5) It ended the threat of American Indian raids on western settlements.

It ended the threat of American Indian raids on western settlements.

How was the Declaratory Act a cause of the Boston Tea Party? 1) It provoked Native Americans to throw tea into Boston Harbor. 2) It declared American Independence. 3) It declared that the Sons of Liberty would not pay tea taxes. 4) It provoked the Sons of Liberty to contest Parliament's ability to tax the colonies.

It provoked the Sons of Liberty to contest Parliament's ability to tax the colonies.

Which of the following was true of the United States Constitution as adopted at the Constitutional Convention? 1) It was built on a series of compromises. 2) It provided exact specifications covering all aspects of government. 3) It included a Bill of Rights. 4) It was a revised version of the English Constitution. 5) It allowed all male citizens over the age of twenty-one to vote.

It was built on a series of compromises.

Which of the following statements about the "American System" is correct? 1) It was designed to meet the nation's need for economic progress and self-sufficiency. 2) It called for an end to the European presence in South America. 3) It was strongly promoted by Andrew Jackson. 4) It permitted immigrants to be naturalized after living in the United States for five years. 5) It was set up by the Treaty of Ghent at the end of the War of 1812.

It was designed to meet the nation's need for economic progress and self-sufficiency.

Who drafted the Virginia Plan? Who presented the Virginia Plan to the Convention? 1) Thomas Jefferson drafted; James Madison presented 2) Benjamin Franklin drafted; George Washington presented 3) James Madison drafted; Charles Pinckney presented 4) James Madison drafted; Edmund Randolph presented

James Madison drafted; Edmund Randolph presented

Concerns raised in Spain in the 1540s about "forced labor in Mexico and what is now Bolivia," mentioned in the first paragraph of MacDougall's article, led to which of the following changes? 1) The growth of the Spanish abolitionist movement and a royal decree ending slavery in the New World. 2) A shift in Spanish economic activities in the New World from export-oriented activities toward production for local consumption. 3) The establishment of a line of demarcation in Spanish-held territories in the New World between areas for American Indians and areas for Spanish colonists. 4) Limits being placed on the encomienda system and a shift toward African slavery

Limits being placed on the encomienda system and a shift toward African slavery

"The authors and promoters of this desperate conspiracy have...meant only to amuse, by vague expressions of attachment to the parent state, and the strongest protestations of loyalty to me, whilst they were preparing for a general revolt....The resolutions of Parliament breathed a spirit of moderation and forbearance; conciliatory propositions accompanies the measures taken to enforce authority....I have acted with the same temper, anxious to prevent, if it had been possible...the calamities which are inseparable from a state of war; still hoping that my people in America would have discerned the traitorous views of their leaders, and have been convinced, that to be a subject of Great Britain, with all its consequences, is to be the freest member of any civil society in the known world." -King George III, Speech to Parliament, October 27th, 1775 Which of the following groups of individuals would have been most likely to agree with King George? (Hint: AMSCO is tricky with this one, don't let the 1776 movie convince you to pick a certain delegate who was against independence) 1) John Adams 2) Loyalists 3) Continentals 4) John Dickenson 5) Thomas Paine

Loyalists

How did Indians shape their environments? 1) Millennia of exuberant burning shaped the plains into vast buffalo farms. 2) Indians borrowed hillside terraforming techniques from Asian explorers which are still in use in Peru today. 3) By spreading crop disease across the continent through gradual trade. 4) By working with natural bodies of water to spread irrigation hundreds of miles across the plains.

Millennia of exuberant burning shaped the plains into vast buffalo farms.

Which of the following leaders from an earlier period represented a group in a similar situation as cited in this example? 1) Nathaniel Bacon 2) Roger Williams 3) Edmond Andros 4) John Smith

Nathaniel Bacon

Mr. Bedford made this point because he was concerned that the abuse of power would stem from_________? 1) Proportional Representation 2) A Strong Standing Army 3) Equal Representation 4) Alliances with Foreign Powers

Proportional Representation

In "The Economics of the American Revolutionary War", the author states that almost all of the taxes were appealed and revoked after colonial disapproval. With that in mind, a series of acts from 1660 were never revoked and may be a greater cause/reason for colonial uproar. What is the name of these acts? Why was it important? 1) Clinton Tax - it taxed the upper-class heavily and the majority of the founding fathers were wealthy. 2) Stamp Act - it placed a tax on all legal documents 3) Tea Act - it dramatically increased the price of tea 4) Navigation Act - it limited trade to just British ports 5) Coercive Act - it closed the port of Boston which limited trade

Navigation Act - it limited trade to just British ports

The Hartford Convention was a manifestation of 1) western resentment against British-backed American Indian attacks 2) New England's desire to end United States trade with Great Britain 3) New England Federalist opposition to the War of 1812 4) northern gratitude to General Jackson for his victory at New Orleans 5) the War Hawks' impatience with President Madison's conduct of foreign policy

New England Federalist opposition to the War of 1812

Colonel George Mason of Virginia said the power of the people to ratify a new national constitution was the most important of all the resolutions to come before this Convention. The State Legislatures have no power to ratify, only the people have, Colonel Mason insisted. Based on the above excerpt, what concept does George Mason feel is the most important for the new government? 1) Supreme National Government 2) Popular Sovereignty 3) The Spirit of '54 4) Separation of Powers

Popular Sovereignty

The Convention granted Congress the power to levy and collect taxes and to regulate interstate and foreign commerce. It also gave Congress the sole power to coin money. What did congress specifically prohibit? (This prohibition is no longer in place) 1) The sale to and/or consumption of alcohol by citizens under 18 years of age 2) Indirect Taxes (Tariffs) on foreign goods at the National level 3) Printing Paper Money 4) Using Gold as Currency

Printing Paper Money

What concerns did the Virginia Plan create for the small states? 1) The Virginia Plan would merge some small states with large states. 2) Proportional representation weakened the influence of the small states in the new legislature. 3) Equal representation limited small states to just one vote in the new legislature. 4) The states would receive vastly increased powers that were too great for the small states to handle.

Proportional representation weakened the influence of the small states in the new legislature.

The Jefferson administration advocated which of the following changes as a means of restoring republican ideals? 1) Increasing the size of the United States military 2) Reducing the scope of activities of the federal government 3) Abolishing the Bank of the United States 4) Discontinuing the funding of state debts 5) Adopting the Kentucky and Virginia Resolutions at the national level

Reducing the scope of activities of the federal government

Fill in the blank. A Philadelphian lady asked Dr. Benjamin Franklin what type of government the Constitutional Convention created, he responded," A _____________________, if we can keep it." 1) Republic 2)Democracy 3) Monarchy 4) Confederation

Republic

Which state refused to send a delegation to the Constitutional Convention? Why? 1) Delaware - the state legislature was concerned the convention would strengthen state's rights. 2) Georgia - the distance was too great. 3) Rhode Island - the state legislature wanted to continue printing inflated paper money and was concerned the convention would force them to stop. 4) Delaware - the state legislature wanted to continue printing inflated paper money and was concerned the convention would force them to stop.

Rhode Island - the state legislature wanted to continue printing inflated paper money and was concerned the convention would force them to stop

Who proposed versions of the Connecticut Compromise multiple times to the convention? (Hint: He represented Connecticut:) 1) James Madison 2) Roger Sherman 3) Charles Cotesworth Pinckney 4) Charles Pinckney III 5) John Dickenson

Roger Sherman

The American President being chosen by an Electoral College system has only two historical precedents. Select one of the two positions that utilize a system similar to the Electoral College. 1) Dali Llama 2) North Korean "Great Leader" 3) Mongol Khan 4) Powhatan Chief 5) Roman Catholic Pope

Roman Catholic Pope

Which of the following religiou s groups were the authors of the Maryland Act of Toleration trying to protect? 1) Roman Catholics 2) Puritans 3) Quakers 4) Jews

Roman Catholics

Fill in the blank If there is a tie in the Electoral College then the ________ votes to decide the president. 1) Senate 2) House of Representatives 3) Vice-President 4) Supreme Court

Senate

Virginia Governor Edmund Randolph explained that, "A man of abilities and character and not his religious creed should be the basis for holding office." This idea may have presented the ground work for which American ideal? 1) Separation of Church and State 2) Freedom of Speech 3) All Men are Created Equal 4) Pursuit of Happiness

Separation of Church and State

Which group would most strongly support Zenger's position on the press? 1) Southern planters 2) Settlers on the frontier 3) Residents of the cities 4) Farmers in New England

Settlers on the frontier

Which of the following groups in the colonie s in the late 17th century would be most critical of Locke 's ideas? 1) Women 2) Merchants 3) Slave owners 4) Church leaders

Slave owners

"It is not denied that there are implied as well as express powers, and that the former are as effectually delegated as the latter. It is conceded that implied powers are to be considered as delegated equally with express ones. Then it follows, that as a power of erecting a corporation [such as a bank] may as well be implied as any other thing, it may as well be employed as an instrument or means of carrying into execution any of the specified powers...but one may be erected in relation to the trade with foreign countries, or to the trade between States...because it is the province of the federal government to regulate those objects, and because it is incident to a general sovereign or legislative power to regulate a thing, to employ all the means which relate to its regulation to the best and greatest advantage." -- Alexander Hamilton, Constitutionality of the Bank of the United States Which of the following benefited most directly from the bank that Hamilton strongly supported? 1) Manufacturers 2) Slaveowners 3) State Governments 4) Farmers

State Governments

"The authors and promoters of this desperate conspiracy have...meant only to amuse, by vague expressions of attachment to the parent state, and the strongest protestations of loyalty to me, whilst they were preparing for a general revolt....The resolutions of Parliament breathed a spirit of moderation and forbearance; conciliatory propositions accompanies the measures taken to enforce authority....I have acted with the same temper, anxious to prevent, if it had been possible...the calamities which are inseparable from a state of war; still hoping that my people in America would have discerned the traitorous views of their leaders, and have been convinced, that to be a subject of Great Britain, with all its consequences, is to be the freest member of any civil society in the known world." -King George III, Speech to Parliament, October 27th, 1775 According to the excerpt, which of the following does King George hold primarily responsible for the American revolt? 1) The "conciliator-lee propositions" made in the Declaration of Independence. 2) The "traitorous views" of some colonial leaders 3) The "spirit of moderation" of some of Parliament's resolutions 4) The "desperate conspiracy" by some members of Parliament 5) The "expressions of attachment" by some colonial leaders

The "traitorous views" of some colonial leaders

"I have not the least doubt that the Negroes will make very excellent soldiers with proper management.... I foresee that this project will have to combat much opposition from prejudice and self-interest. The contempt we have been taught to entertain for the black makes us fancy many things that are founded neither in reason nor experience; and an unwillingness to part with property of so valuable a kind will furnish a thousand arguments to show the impracticability of pernicious tendency of a scheme which requires such a sacrifice. But it should be considered that if we do not make use of them in this way, the enemy probably will...An essential part of the plan is to give them their freedom with their muskets." --Alexander Hamilton, "A Proposal to Arm and Then Free the Negroes," 1779 Which of the following was the primary reason for Hamilton's call for African American soldiers? 1) The British were recruiting African Americans 2) General Washington trusted that blacks would make good soldiers 3) The New York militia was short of troops 4) The Declaration of Independence called for equal rights

The British were recruiting African Americans

"There is nothing more common than to confound the terms of American Revolution with those of the late American War. The American War is over; but this is far from being the case with American Revolution. On the contrary, nothing but the first act of the great drama is closed." - Dr. Benjamin Rush of Pennsylvania on July 4th 1787 1) The Constitutional Convention is at a standstill do to an inability to compromise. 2) The Constitutional Convention is part of the continuing evolution of the American experiment. 3) A fear of British invasion was very real for the young nation. 4) The American Revolution ended with Cornwallis being defeated at Yorktown.

The Constitutional Convention is part of the continuing evolution of the American experiment.

Which of the following possible influences on Mayhew is most clearly reflected in this statement? 1) The teachings in the colonial colleges 2) the rulings by royal governors 3) The Great Awakening 4) the ideas of the Enlightenment

The Great Awakening

Prior to the French and Indian war the Native Americans were able to play the French and British Empires off of each other. In particular this allowed for the Iroquois Confederation to be neutral and reap the benefits of trading with both Empires. How did this change after the French and Indian War? 1) The Iroquois continued to fight the British following the war as they retained loyalty to the French. 2) The Iroquois were completely defeated during the French and Indian War and were never a power again. 3) The Iroquois were able to stay neutral following the war and traded with the French via the Mississippi River. 4) The Iroquois allied themselves with the British, but no longer received favorable trade deals and diplomatic gifts.

The Iroquois allied themselves with the British, but no longer received favorable trade deals and diplomatic gifts.

In all European countries at the time of the convention the head of state (Monarch) had the ability to declare war. Congress decided to split this power by giving powers to both Congress and the President concerning war. How were these powers described? (Hint: These powers are the same today) 1) Congress MAKES war; the President DECLARES war 2) Congress DECLARES war; President PAYS for war 3) The President MAKES war; Congress DECLARES war 4) The President DECLARES war; Congress PAYS for war

The President MAKES war; Congress DECLARES war

The Supreme Court established which of the fol- lowing by its ruling in Marbury v. Madison? 1) The Supreme Court has the authority to determine the constitutionality of congressional acts. 2) The Bank of the United States is constitutional under the implied powers clause. 3) States have the authority to nullify acts of Congress. 4) Government contracts cannot be repealed by popular majority. 5) States may not interfere with interstate commerce.

The Supreme Court has the authority to determine the constitutionality of congressional acts.

In "The Strange Death of Silas Deane" the authors stress that history is 1) incomplete, and cannot ever be known. 2) irrelevant, because present interpretation of the past it impossible for us to understand the mindset of those who lived through previous events. 3) what happened in the past. 4) the act of selecting, analyzing, and writing about the past.

The act of selecting, analyzing, and writing about the past.

Benjamin proposed the Albany Plan in 1754 to form a Union among the 13 colonies. Select the BEST response for why the Albany Plan did not pass. 1) The King wanted the government to be stronger in the colonies to oppose Native American hostilities. 2) The colonial assemblies were unwilling to forfeit any of their sovereignty. 3) The Iroquois Confederation did not accept the gifts provided by the delegation. 4) Colonel Washington was defeated at Fort Necessity

The colonial assemblies were unwilling to forfeit any of their sovereignty.

Which of the following was a long-term effect of the jury's decision in the Zenger case? 1) New York became the center of anti-British sentiments 2) The colonial press became more willing to criticize the British 3) Restrictions on the press increased 4) Zinger became a colonial leader

The colonial press became more willing to criticize the British

An oath of secrecy was taken by the Constitutional Delegates because... 1) The delegates were worried Ben Franklin would use his newspaper the Pennsylvania Gazette to influcence the proceedings. 2) The delegates were afraid they would be arrested for treason. 3) The delegates wanted to have free debates and float ideas without the threat of political reprisal. 4) The delegates did not want to share their ideas with French radicals.

The delegates wanted to have free debates and float ideas without the threat of political reprisal.

The description of Spanish actions by A. Kent MacDougall contributes to an understanding of which of the following developments beyond the 1500s? 1) Spanish military domination over it's European rivals in the seventeenth century. 2) The industrial growth of Spain in the seventeenth century. 3) The growing gap between the wealthy and the poor in the seventeenth century. 4) The success of independence movements in Spanish America in the seventeenth century.

The growing gap between the wealthy and the poor in the seventeenth century.

Which of the following had an effect on attitudes toward traditional authority similar to the effect of the Zenger case? 1) The growth of the legal profession 2) The spread of the Great Awakening 3) The westward movement of settlers 4) The arrival of new immigrants in the British colonies

The spread of the Great Awakening

Mr. Wilson went out of his way to assure the delegates that it was not desirable to destroy the state governments. He said, "In all extensive empires a subdivision of power is necessary. Persia, Turkey, and Rome, under its emperors, are examples in point." - James Wilson on June 19th, 1787. What does Mr. Wilson mean with this comment? Pick the answer that BEST describes Mr. Wilson's quote. 1) The National Government will be supreme. 2) There will be an increase in state power under the new Constitution. 3) There will be a partnership between state and national governments. 4) The United States is fated to fail like Persia, Turkey, and Rome.

There will be a partnership between state and national governments.

Which of the following is true of the Virginia and the New Jersey plans that were presented at the Constitutional Convention? 1) They advocated different ways in which federal taxes would be collected by the new government. 2) They were attempts to settle the status of slaves in the southern states. 3) They were alternative plans to admit new territories to the Union. 4) They illustrated the conflicts between states with primarily agricultural and commercial economies. 5) They illustrated the struggle between states for representation and power in the creation of the new government.

They illustrated the struggle between states for representation and power in the creation of the new government

Which of the following is a correct statement about women in United States society in the years 1790-1810? 1) They attained suffrage in all states. 2) They were considered critical to educating good republican citizens. 3) They became increasingly prominent as entrepreneurs. 4) They entered professional occupations such as medicine and law in large numbers. 5) They owned a large share of the nation's property.

They were considered critical to educating good republican citizens.

Which of the following is a correct statement about women in United States society in the years 1790-1810? 1) They became increasingly prominent as entrepreneurs. 2) They owned a large share of the nation's property. 3) They entered professional occupations such as medicine and law in large numbers. 4) They were considered critical to educating good republican citizens. 5) They attained suffrage in all states.

They were considered critical to educating good republican citizens.

Based on the information in this excerpt, what is Samuel Kercheval's point of view toward Bacon and his followers? 1) They were a primarily political movement that wanted Bacon to become governor 2) They were dangerous men who threatened colonial stability and prosperity 3) They were frustrated men who were taking action because the government did not 4) They were allies of the governor who carried out actions that he supported

They were frustrated men who were taking action because the government did not

"It is not denied that there are implied as well as express powers, and that the former are as effectually delegated as the latter. It is conceded that implied powers are to be considered as delegated equally with express ones. Then it follows, that as a power of erecting a corporation [such as a bank] may as well be implied as any other thing, it may as well be employed as an instrument or means of carrying into execution any of the specified powers...but one may be erected in relation to the trade with foreign countries, or to the trade between States...because it is the province of the federal government to regulate those objects, and because it is incident to a general sovereign or legislative power to regulate a thing, to employ all the means which relate to its regulation to the best and greatest advantage." -- Alexander Hamilton, Constitutionality of the Bank of the United States Who of the following would be most critical of Hamilton's position on the bank? 1) Thomas Jefferson 2) John Adams 3) George Washington 4) Abigail Adams

Thomas Jefferson

Gouverneur Morris championed popular election of a single executive in contrast to election by the legislature. Why? 1) To allow the executive to be separate and independent of the legislature. 2) To prevent re-election. 3) The rights of human nature demand people have a say in their executive. 4) This method gave the greatest influence to the wealthy classes when electing the executive.

To allow the executive to be separate and independent of the legislature.

What was the primary intention of the Adams administration in enforcing the Sedition Act? 1) To prosecute Democratic-Republicans who violated American neutrality 2) To stop illegal aliens from voting 3) To keep France from selling Louisiana to Spain 4) To prepare for war against Great Britain 5) To intimidate critics of Adams' foreign policy toward France and England

To intimidate critics of Adams' foreign policy toward France and England

What did the supporters of the New Jersey Plan have in mind when they proposed the New Jersey plan? 1) To sever the union and form independent nations. 2) To use the proposal as leverage to force the small states to give ground and concede proportional representation. 3) To use the proposal as leverage to force the large states to give ground and concede that slaves should be included as 3/5's a man in representation calculations. 4) To use the proposal as leverage to force the large states to give ground and concede equality of representation.

To use the proposal as leverage to force the large states to give ground and concede equality of representation.

On July 21st the Convention for a third time refused to approve today a fusion of veto power of the national Judiciary and Executive as a means to checkmate power of the Legislature. However in a unanimous vote, the Convention approved the power of an Executive Veto. How can a veto be overturned? 1) Two-thirds vote in the House and Senate 2) One-half vote in the House 3) Three-quarters vote in the House and Senate 4) Three-quarters vote in the Senate

Two-thirds vote in the House and Senate

The Federalist papers challenged the conventional political wisdom of the eighteenth century when they asserted that 1) a republican form of government could suc- ceed only in small countries 2) a large republic offered the best protection of minority rights 3) political parties were crucial to the success of the new government 4) limitations on the popular will led to tyranny 5) a weak central government was the only guarantee of individual rights

a large republic offered the best protection of minority rights

The Great Compromise of 1787 resulted in 1) a border agreement between the United States and Canada 2) a renewal of the Articles of Confederation 3) the creation of a national bank 4) a system of political representation for the states in the federal government 5) a final settlement of the question of slavery

a system of political representation for the states in the federal government

Jefferson's purchase of Louisiana had its origins in his desire to 1) acquire a port to provide an outlet for western crops 2) acquire territory for the expansion of slavery 3) demonstrate friendship for the French in the Napoleonic Wars 4) remove the French from forts along the Mississippi valley 5) oppose New England Federalism

acquire a port to provide an outlet for western crops

The most unpopular and least successful of President Thomas Jefferson's policies was his 1) advocacy of territorial expansion 2) reduction of the national debt 3) handling of the Barbary Coast pirates 4) adherence to neutrality in dealing with England and France 5) reduction of the size of the military

adherence to neutrality in dealing with England and France

Pinckney's Treaty with Spain is considered a diplomatic highlight of Washington's administration because it 1) allowed the United States to use the port of New Orleans 2) ceded Florida to the United States 3) withdrew Spain's military forces from the Caribbean 4) invited Americans to settle in Texas 5) opened Spanish Caribbean ports to American trade

allowed the United States to use the port of New Orleans

As originally ratified, the United States Constitution provided for 1) a two-term presidential limit 2) a presidential cabinet 3) political parties 4) an electoral college 5) the direct election of senators

an electoral college

In the United States, the Haitian rebellion of the 1790's prompted 1) the acquisition of Puerto Rico for colonization by 2) emancipated slaves 3) the passage of a federal law increasing the severity of punishments for slave rebellions 4) an increased fear of slave revolts in the South 5) a military expedition of southern slaveholders to restore French rule in Haiti 6) a movement of free African Americans to Haiti

an increased fear of slave revolts in the South

The Federalist papers were written in order to 1) frustrate Spanish efforts to sway the political loyalty of the Southwest 2) mobilize popular support for keeping the Articles of Confederation 3) persuade the Continental Congress to declare independence 4) attain ratification of the Constitution 5) persuade voters to support Thomas Jefferson in the election of 1800

attain ratification of the Constitution

Although Congress accepted most of Alexander Hamilton's economic proposals, it rejected his 1) call for a whiskey tax 2) call for a tariff 3) call for direct subsidies to manufacturers 4) Report on the Public Credit 5) plans for a Bank of the United States

call for direct subsidies to manufacturers

New World animals, such as pigs 1) ended up being food sources for deer and other Old World animals. 2) had little impact in New World nutrition, cultures, and ecology. 3) caused major changes in New World nutrition, cultures, and ecology. 4) led to the cure of smallpox.

caused major changes in New World nutrition, cultures, and ecology.

1833 Bacon 's Rebellion was initiated by a group of farmers who felt most directly threatened by 1) conflicts with American Indians 2) an increase in royal taxes 3) the power of large planters 4) the growth of the slave trade

conflicts with American Indians

"To make all laws which shall be necessary and proper for carrying into execution the foregoing powers, and all other power vested by this Constitution." Alexander Hamilton used the clause above to 1) justify revising the Articles of Confederation 2) convince the federal government to create the First Bank of the United States 3) lobby Congress for a protective tariff to promote United States industry 4) support his argument for a strong central government in The Federalist papers 5) substantiate his strict interpretation of the Constitution

convince the federal government to create the First Bank of the United States

One factor not responsible for European expansion into the Western Hemisphere was 1) desire for economic expansion 2) desire to expand Christianity 3) democratization of European society 4) better shipbuilding and navigational tools

democratization of European society

The Constitutional Convention of 1787 did all of the following EXCEPT 1) determine provisions to be included in the Bill of Rights 2) create a strong central government that would not threaten the sovereignty of the states 3) establish a balance of power between the three branches of the national government 4) create a government that would be satisfactory to both slave and free states 5) create a government that would be satisfactory to both large and small states

determine provisions to be included in the Bill of Rights

A key purpose of Henry Clay's American System was to 1) create more interest in politics by eliminating voting restrictions 2) improve diplomatic relations with European nations by allowing free immigration 3) remove American Indians to lands west of the Mississippi River to prevent further conflicts 4) develop a national economy by improving transportation 5) expand slavery into new territories to preserve its economic viability

develop a national economy by improving transportation

President George Washington's Farewell Address set a course for the nation by 1) endorsing the two-party system 2) calling for the adoption of universal suffrage 3) calling for strict term limits for federal officeholders 4) discouraging permanent alliances with foreign nations 5) endorsing the economic policies of the Federalists

discouraging permanent alliances with foreign nations

Alexander Hamilton's financial program was most favorable to 1) eastern merchants 2) state bankers 3) western farmers 4) war veterans 5) southern planters

eastern merchants

"I have not the least doubt that the Negroes will make very excellent soldiers with proper management.... I foresee that this project will have to combat much opposition from prejudice and self-interest. The contempt we have been taught to entertain for the black makes us fancy many things that are founded neither in reason nor experience; and an unwillingness to part with property of so valuable a kind will furnish a thousand arguments to show the impracticability of pernicious tendency of a scheme which requires such a sacrifice. But it should be considered that if we do not make use of them in this way, the enemy probably will...An essential part of the plan is to give them their freedom with their muskets." --Alexander Hamilton, "A Proposal to Arm and Then Free the Negroes," 1779 To encourage African Americans to fight, Hamilton suggested in the excerpt that they should be promised 1) an end to prejudice 2) effective leadership from officers 3) equal wages with white soldiers 4) emancipation from slavery

emancipation from slavery

Alexander Hamilton's domestic and foreign policies were directed primarily toward strengthening the federal government by 1) favoring the interests of the propertied and monied classes 2) averting United States entanglement in Europe's wars 3) establishing gold as the sole backing of United States currency 4) favoring free trade 5) substituting a parliamentary for federal system of government

favoring the interests of the propertied and monied classes

In "Give me Liberty or Give me Death" Patrick Henry is beseeching his listeners to _________________? 1) bring an end to African slavery 2) fight a war with Britain 3) free Thomas Jefferson from British imprisonment 4) boycott British goods

fight a war with Britain

A distinguishing feature of American society in the early nineteenth century was the 1) lack of enthusiasm for religious reform 2) creation of original forms of art and architecture 3) increasing readership of newspapers 4) dislike of voluntary associations 5) embrace of an aristocratic hierarchy

increasing readership of newspapers

The Constitutional Convention designed the electoral college to 1) ensure the independence of the judiciary 2) strengthen the legislative branch against the executive branch 3) protect the sovereignty of the states 4) insulate the presidency from the popular will 5) strengthen the executive branch against the legislative branch

insulate the presidency from the popular will

In Marbury v. Madison, the United States Supreme Court affirmed 1) the broad scope of the federal government's commerce power 2) the sanctity of property rights against harassment by unfriendly state legislatures 3) its right to determine the constitutionality of state court decisions 4) ts right to determine the constitutionality of congressional enactments 5) its right to determine the constitutionality of state laws

its right to determine the constitutionality of congressional enactments

According to Mayhew, the people should be willing to challenge abuses by the 1) slave owners 2) church ministers 3) king 4) royal governors

king

The financial programs of Alexander Hamilton included all of the following EXCEPT 1) nullification of all private debts to the states 2) imposition of a tax on distilled liquor 3) funding of the national debt 4) assumption of all state debts 5) establishment of the Bank of the United States

nullification of all private debts to the states

Those who supported the War of 1812 advanced all of the following rationales for their positions EXCEPT the 1) desirability of annexing Canada 2) obligation to protect Native Americans 3) need to safeguard the frontier 4) advisability of acquiring Florida 5) need to defend the honor of the United States

obligation to protect Native Americans

During the first half of the nineteenth century, the central and western areas of New York were known as the "burned-over district" because 1) the region's economy had never revived after the hardships that followed the Whiskey Rebellion 2) of intense religious zeal created during the Second Great Awakening 3) the area had not recovered from the devastation of the War of 1812 4) American Indian settlements had been completely destroyed as settlers moved in and took over the land 5) terrible fires had followed the clear-cut logging by pioneers in that part of the state

of intense religious zeal created during the Second Great Awakening

What was the context in which Mayhew was writing? 1) restrictions on voting were becoming tighter 2) democratic practices were slowly increasing 3) opposition to British rule of the colonies was increasing 4) the Great Awakening was making authorities stronger

opposition to British rule of the colonies was increasing

The United States went to war in 1812 for all of the following reasons EXCEPT to 1) appease members of Congress who advocated war 2) prevent France from recapturing the Louisiana Territory 3) deal with conflicts between settlers and American Indians in the Northwest Territory 4) end British claims for repayment of Loyalist debt 5) stop the British from searching and seizing American ships

prevent France from recapturing the Louisiana Territory

The Louisiana Purchase proved politically troubling for Thomas Jefferson because of his 1) admiration of France's military power 2) devotion to new methods of cartography 3) previous support for a strict interpretation of the Constitution 4) disdain for involvement in a foreign country's affairs 5) veto of funding for Meriwether Lewis and William Clark's expedition

previous support for a strict interpretation of the Constitution

Under Chief Justice John Marshall, Supreme Court decisions tended to 1) restrict federal powers of taxation 2) restrict corporate development 3) promote business enterprise 4) expand state control of economic activity 5) reduce federal control of the economy

promote business enterprise

Thomas Jefferson disagreed with Alexander Hamilton's economic plan primarily because he feared that it would 1) prevent the expansion of slavery to new states 2) make the new nation dependent on foreign markets for its exports 3) promote urban mercantile interests at the expense of agricultural interests 4) lead to a military alliance with Great Britain against revolutionary France 5) lead to heavy taxes on whiskey producers in Pennsylvania

promote urban mercantile interests at the expense of agricultural interests

The principal motivation for drafting the Bill of Rights was the desire to 1) clarify the federal relationship among the states 2) test the new process of amendment described in the Constitution 3) strengthen the power of the federal government 4) protect rights not specified in the Constitution 5) restore to the states the powers they had enjoyed under the Articles of Confederation

protect rights not specified in the Constitution

The "Three-Fifths Compromise" originally contained in the Constitution referred to the 1) number of African Americans who could vote 2) proportion of states permitted to practice slavery 3) number of American Indians allowed citizenship 4) number of adult women who could vote 5) rate at which one slave counted toward congressional representation

rate at which one slave counted toward congressional representation

The method of mass production that developed during the nineteenth century was a process that 1) relied on guilds to train artisans 2) relied on the use of power-driven machinery 3) utilized wireless communications to improve efficiency 4) gave workers greater autonomy, less supervision, and the chance to be creative 5) promoted more cooperation between labor unions and factory owners

relied on the use of power-driven machinery

Members of the American (Know-Nothing) Party of the 1850s typically supported 1) homesteads in the western territories 2) universal manhood suffrage 3) restoration of a national bank 4) immediate abolition of slavery 5) restrictions on Catholics' holding public office

restrictions on Catholics' holding public office

The goal of the American Colonization Society was to 1) return freed slaves to Africa 2) promote western expansion by funding internal improvements 3) assimilate recent immigrants into American society 4) extend United States influence to overseas colonies 5) recruit immigrant labor for American factories

return freed slaves to Africa

Despite the success of tobacco in Virginia., the colony still faced problems and eventually became a 1) royal colony 2) proprietorship 3) corporate charter settlement 4) joint-stock company

royal colony

James Horn, author of "Why Jamestown Matters" believes that if the Virginia Company had pulled out of Jamestown 1) the colonies at Plymouth and Massachusetts Bay would have "infected" a religious fervor throughout the North and South. 2) a more militaristic group of settlers would have taken their place, with a much higher likelihood of success and survival. 3) they could have cut their losses, and reinvested in a more suitable location, greatly diminishing the death toll that was Jamestown. 4) the English might never have established themselves as the major colonial power on the mainland.

the English might never have established themselves as the major colonial power on the mainland.

Which of the following led the opposition to Bacon's Rebellion? 1) soldiers from the British army 2) the colonial governor 3) members of the Virginia Hou se of Burgesses 4) leaders of the Church of England

the colonial governor

Henry Hudson is known as 1) the explorer who deserted his own country 2) a "Navigator's Navigator" 3) the captain who found the Northwest Passage 4) the founder of New York City

the explorer who deserted his own country

When Thomas Jefferson said in 1801, "We are all republicans — we are all federalists," he meant that 1) he admired Hamilton's policies 2) the principles of American government were above party politics 3) Americans would never ally themselves with monarchical governments 4) the two parties' platforms were identical 5) federalists would be appointed to his cabinet

the principles of American government were above party politics

One distinguishing feature of the new middle class that emerged in the 1830s and 1840s was 1) the fact that most married women worked outside the home to provide income for their families 2) the separation of economic production from the home and family life 3) the fact that almost all middle-class men attended graduate and professional schools 4) its members' tendency to be tolerant of religious diversity 5) its members' support for ending legal immigration from eastern Europe

the separation of economic production from the home and family life

Slave labor was brought to the Western Hemisphere by colonists because 1) there was a lack of manpower to do the labor-intensive work of harvesting sugarcane. 2) Native Americans were unfamiliar with the tools and methods necessary to harvest sugarcane. 3) Aztec and Inca leaders had already begun to import slaves even before Spanish explorers arrived. 4) the region was lightly populated when the Spanish arrived.

there was a lack of manpower to do the labor-intensive work of harvesting sugarcane.

Five of the thirteen states voted for ratification the Constitution only after 1) they were assured that the Supreme Court would have the power of judicial review 2) slavery was allowed to continue without federal interference 3) they were assured that a Bill of Rights would be added shortly after ratification 4) several slave revolts rocked the Carolinas and Virginia 5) the other states threatened to organize the government without them

they were assured that a Bill of Rights would be added shortly after ratification

The American Colonization Society was estab- lished in the early nineteenth century with the goal of 1) settling American Indians on reservations 2) encouraging immigration from Ireland and Germany 3) encouraging Chinese contract laborers to emigrate to the United States 4) settling White Americans on western lands 5) transporting African Americans to Africa

transporting African Americans to Africa

Most of the Irish immigrants who came to the United States following the potato famine of the 1840s settled in 1) urban areas of the North 2) California 3) rural sections of the Old Northwest 4) Appalachia 5) seacoast cities of the South

urban areas of the North

The Alien and Sedition Acts were designed to 1) prevent the British from fomenting unrest among American Indians 2) weaken and deflect Republican criticism of the Federalists 3) counter the Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions 4) protect the nation from British spies 5) strengthen the Constitution

weaken and deflect Republican criticism of the Federalists

North American Native American tribes 1) displayed a uniformity of lifestyle 2) modeled themselves after tribes from Central America and Mexico 3) formed alliances on numerous occasions to fight competing tribes 4) were greatly varied in lifestyle and economic systems

were greatly varied in lifestyle and economic systems

The very first Americans 1) lived in permanent sites 2) predated Spain's arrival in the New World by only two centuries 3) were nomadic wanderers 4) were subsistence farmers

were nomadic wanderers

In the early 1830's, the majority of workers in the textile mills of Massachusetts were 1) men who were heads of households 2) young unmarried women from rural New England 3) free African Americans from urban areas 4) newly arrived immigrants from Ireland 5) married women whose children were of school age

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