APUSH Semester 1 Practice Exam

The wealthiest people in pre-Revolutionary America were primarily

northern merchants and southern planters

The system of indentured labor used during the Colonial period had which of the following effects?

It enabled poor people to seek opportunity in America.

All of the following statements about the delegates to the Pennsylvania state convention to ratify the United States Constitution are supported by the data in the table above

-A majority of the farmers opposed ratification. -Federalists outnumbered Anti-Federalists by two to one. -The majority of the supporters of the Constitution were drawn from the upper social and economic classes. -The Federalists probably won the ratification vote.

The Stamp Act crisis was important in the coming of the American Revolution for all of the following reasons

-The colonists demonstrated their willingness to use violence rather than legal means to frustrate British policy. -The crisis coincided with a British decision to garrison regular troops in American cities. -The British maintained that the colonies had no right to independence from parliamentary authority. -Patriot leaders claimed that the act denied them their British birthrights.

All of the following conditions influenced the development of American agriculture during the first half of the nineteenth century

-a government policy favoring rapid settlement of the public domain -the trend toward regional economic specialization -the enthusiasm for land speculation -improvements in transportation by water

Henry Clay's "American System" called for all of the following

-a tariff for the protection of industry -internal improvements at national government expense -sale of federal lands to finance higher education -increased trade among the sections of the nation

The North's advantages over the South at the outbreak of the Civil War included all of the following

-more substantial industrial resources -a more extensive railroad network -dominance in foreign trade -naval supremacy

To make the new federal government viable, the Congress of the United States did all of the following

-organize a federal court system under the Supreme Court -draft a bill of rights and send it to the states for ratification -pass a tariff for the purpose of raising revenue -establish the State Department

In the history of American transportation, the canal era occurred during which of the following periods?

1820-1850

Which of the following best describes the policy of the government of Mexico toward Texas?

It encouraged American settlement in Texas in the 1820's and early 1830's.

The American Transcendentalists may best be characterized as which of the following?

A group of Northern intellectuals who shared a belief in the value of human intuition, the presence of divinity in nature, and an emotional comprehension of God.

Which of the following describes "the Lowell system" in early nineteenth-century New England?

A plan to promote and expand textile manufacturing activities

Which of the following did NOT contribute to the United States decision to declare war against Great Britain in 1812?

American military and economic preparedness for war.

Of the following, which was the principal issue on which the United States sought settlement with Great Britain at the outset of the War of 1812?

An end to impressments

Which of the following statements about the Dred Scott decision is correct?

It stated that Black people were not citizens of the United States.

All of the following statements about pre-Civil War American slavery are true

Because of the relative ease with which slaves could gain their freedom by manumission or by purchase, the proportion of freedmen to slaves was almost equal in many areas of the South.

Which of the following had the greatest impact on the institution of slavery in the United States in the first quarter of the nineteenth century?

Invention of the cotton gin.

The hostility of the Know-Nothing party was directed primarily against

Irish and German Catholic immigrants

In 1787-1789, which of the following groups was most likely to oppose ratification of the Constitution?

Farmers in isolated areas

"Let me warn you in the most solemn manner against the ruinous effects of the spirit of party. . .The alternate domination of one faction over another, sharpened by the spirit of revenge natural to party dissension. . .is itself a frightful despotism." This statement reflected which of the following political positions?

George Washington's concern about the development of political parties during his administration.

Thomas Jefferson opposed some of Alexander Hamilton's programs because Jefferson believed that

Hamilton's programs favored wealthy financial interests

After 1763, changes in the British imperial system threatened the interests of which of the following groups of American colonists? I. Land speculators with interests west of the Appalachians. II. Newspaper editors and lawyers. III. Farmers wishing to settle in the Ohio River Valley. IV. Boston smugglers.

I, III, and IV only

Which of the following provided sources of revenue for the federal government in the period from 1800 to 1860? I. Income tax II. Sales tax III. Customs duties IV. Land sales V. Real estate taxes

III and IV only

Which of the following was true of the Continental Congress in its drafting of the Articles of Confederation?

It was cautious about giving the new government powers it had just denied Parliament.

Which of the following statements about the Monroe Doctrine is accurate?

It was issued simultaneously with a British policy statement on Latin America.

Which of the following is a correct statement about the use of slave labor in colonial Virginia?

It was the first case in which British Europeans enslaved Blacks in North America.

Which of the following would most likely have expressed opposition to the idea of Manifest Destiny?

Members of the Whig party in Congress during the Mexican War

The argument between Great Britain and its American colonies during the 1760's and 1770's over "virtual representation" concerned

Parliament's ability to reflect colonial interests

The theme of individualism is most evident in the writings of

Ralph Waldo Emerson

Which of the following most likely increased Mexican suspicion of the United States territorial objectives in the 1830s and 1840s?

Rhetoric on "manifest destiny" in the American press.

Which of the following moved in greatest numbers into Appalachia as the American Indians of the region were defeated?

Scotts-Irish, German, and English immigrants

Which of the following was Great Britain's justification for its continued occupation of a number of posts on United States soil despite the terms of the 1783 Treaty of Paris?

The United States had violated the treaty clauses dealing with the restoration of Loyalist property.

The Halfway Covenant provided for which of the following?

The baptism of children of baptized but unconverted Puritans

In the presidential campaign of 1860, which of the following positions was asserted by the Republican Party platform with respect to slavery?

The extension of slavery to United States territories should be prohibited by the federal government, but slavery should be protected in the states where it already existed.

Which of the following resulted from the policies of the Andrew Jackson administration?

The number of banks, each issuing its own paper currency, increased.

President Jackson's Native American policy resulted in which of the following?

The removal of the Cherokee from the Southeast to settlements across the Mississippi.

Which of the following states the principle of "popular sovereignty?"

The settlers in a given territory have the sole right to decide whether or not slavery will be permitted there.

Which of the following best characterizes the response of Great Britain and France to the American Civil War?

They saw advantages in a divided Union, but pursued cautions policies toward both sides.

Which of the following most accurately describes the attitude of seventeenth-century Puritans toward religious liberty?

They tolerated no one whose expressed religious views varied from their own views.

Which of the following most appropriately characterizes the violence exhibited in such episodes as Bacon's Rebellion, the Boston Tea Party, Shays' Rebellion, and the Whiskey Rebellion?

Violence was directed at "outsiders" or representatives of distant authority.

The call for the "immediate and uncompensated emancipation of the slaves" is associated with the position of

William Lloyd Garrison in "The Liberator"

The first Great Awakening was

a religious revival that occurred throughout the American colonies

By the time of the Revolution, the American colonists had generally come to believe that creation of a republic would solve the problems of monarchical rule because a republic would establish

a small, limited government responsible to the people

In pre-Civil War era, the railroad's most important impact on the economy was the

accessibility to Eastern urban markets provided to Midwestern farmers

The rough map above was used by Thomas Jefferson to

begin planning the division of federal lands into new states

Harvard College and Yale College were established primarily to

ensure an adequate supply of ministers

An important consequence of the "tariff of abominations" (1828) is that it led to the

enunciation of the doctrine of nullification

During the War for Independence, the principal reason the American government sought diplomatic recognition from foreign powers was to

facilitate the purchase of arms and borrowing of money from other nations

In the 1850's, the South differed from the North in that the South had

fewer European immigrants

The tribes of the Iroquois Confederacy were distinctive in that they

formed the most important Native American political organization to confront the colonists

The "Declaration of Sentiments and Resolutions" issued by the Seneca Falls Convention demanded

greater rights for women

In part, President Lincoln refrained from taking action to emancipate slaves until the Civil War had been in progress for almost two years because

he sought to retain the loyalty of the Border States

The drawing above has been cited as evidence of the nineteenth-century middle-class view of the

home as a refuge from the world rather than as a productive unit

A major reason why Thomas Jefferson was interested in purchasing Louisiana from France was that he

hoped to preserve an agricultural society by making abundant lands available to future generations

a desire to weaken its rival, Great Britain

impose revenue taxes on the colonies

The major purpose of England's mercantilist policy was to

increase England's prosperity

In addition to the cotton gin, Eli Whitney's major contribution to American technology was his

introduction of interchangeable parts

Marbury v. Madison (1803) is famous for establishing the principle of

judicial review

Colonial cities functioned primarily as

mercantile centers for collecting agricultural goods and distributing imported manufactured goods

Deists of the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries believed that

natural laws, set by the Creator, govern the operation of the universe

The map above shows the United States immediately following the

passage of the Missouri Compromise

An important reason for the proclamation of the Monroe Doctrine was to

protect republican institutions of government in the Western Hemisphere

The Kansas-Nebraska Act (1854) heightened the sectional crisis because it

repealed the Missouri Compromise

The primary objective of the founders of the Know-Nothing party was the

restriction of the rights of immigrants

The nullification controversy of 1832-1833 was significant, in part, because it

signaled the triumph of pro-tariff forces

"In 1800 schoolchildren (ages 5-19) spent an average of only fourteen days in school each year. By 1850 this figure had nearly doubles, going to twenty-six days, and by 1860 it had risen to forty days per year, almost triple the figure for 1800. By 1860 the literacy rate at age twenty had attained modern levels, exceeding ninety percent among Whites." This passage describes results brought about chiefly through

state and local efforts on behalf of public schools

The opening of the Erie Canal in 1825 was important because it

strengthened the ties between the eastern manufacturing and western agricultural regions

The Whigs of the 1830's and 1840's differed from the Jacksonian Democrats in that the Whigs

supported the American System of Henry Clay

In the first half of the nineteenth century, Cherokee efforts to retain their tribal lands in Georgia received direct support from

the United States Supreme Court

According to Alexis de Tocqueville in Democracy in America, American individualism arose as a result of

the absence of an aristocracy

The Kentucky and Virginia Resolutions took the position that

the authority of state governments included the power to decide whether or not an act of Congress was constitutional

A major defect in the national government established by the Articles of Confederation was that it lacked

the authority to tax

The establishment of Brook Farm and the Oneida Community in the antebellum United States reflected

the blossoming of perfectionist aspirations

The term "cult of domesticity" refers to

the idealization of women in their roles as wives and mothers during the early nineteenth century

The dramatic increase in the South's slave labor force between 1810 and 1860 was due to

the natural population increase of American-born slaves

The election of 1800 has been referred to as constituting "another revolution" because

the party in power stepped down

The mercantilist system in the eighteenth century led to

the subordination of the colonial economy to that of the mother country

The "Great Awakening" refers to the

wave of religious revivals that swept the colonies in the 1740's

In the eighteenth century, colonial Virginia and colonial Massachusetts were most alike in that both

were royal colonies