Architecture History Final Concepts

Stripped Classicism

20th-century classicist architectural style stripped of most or all ornamentation, frequently employed by governments while designing official buildings

Complexity and Contradiction in Architecture

A book written by Robert Venturi. He suggests that you shouldn't limit yourself and you should combine materials.

Hollywood Regency Style

A design style that describes both interior design and landscape architecture characterized by the bold use of color and contrast often with metallic and glass accents meant to signify both opulence and comfort

Art & Architecture Magazine

An American design, architecture, landscape, and arts magazine. It was published and edited by John Entenza from 1938-1962 and David Travers 1962-1967. Played a significant role in the development of West Coast modernism in general. Case Study Houses.

Deconstructionism

An architectural style developed in the 1980s, characterized by unconventional, often arresting design elements, such as curved or sloping walls, slanted columns, and asymmetric structures and spaces.

Abstract Expressionism

An artistic movement that focused on expressing emotion and feelings through abstract images and colors, lines and shapes.

Brutalism

An early 1950s style based on Le Corbusier's crudely fabricated concrete work in which structural and mechanical elements were often featured.

Critical Regionalism

Architectural movement taking inspiration from local forms and climate/cultural/religious needs. A response against the sameness/repetition of High Modernism.

Bay Region Style

Bay Area Regional Architectural Style is Idyllic Images Of California Architecture usually involve Mediterranean red-tiled roofs and white stucco walls or a rustic, sprawling ranch

Art Deco

Descended from Art Nouveau, this movement of the 1920s and 1930s sought to upgrade industrial design in competition with "fine art" and to work new materials into decorative patterns that could be either machined or handcrafted. Characterized by streamlined, elongated, and symmetrical design.

Case Study Houses

Experiments in residential American architecture Sponsored by Arts & Architecture magazine which commissioned major architects of the day to design/build inexpensive and efficient model homes Examples: Eames House & Studio (No. 8), Stahl House (No. 22)

CIAM

International Congress of Modern Architecture - began in 1928 and the original members were Le Corbusier, Pierre Jeanneret, Ernst May, Sigfried Gideon, Gerrit Rietveld

MOMA

Museum of Modern Art encourages the public to make modernist art a regular part of their lives.

New York Five

Peter Eisenman, Michael Graves, Charles Gwathmey, John Hejduk and Richard Meier

Urban Renewal

Program in which cities identify blighted inner-city neighborhoods, acquire the properties from private members, relocate the residents and businesses, clear the site, build new roads and utilities, and turn the land over to private developers.

Broadacre City

Wrights re-evocation of the Jeffersonian agrarian ideal as a model of city planning.

National Romanticism

a Nordic architectural style that was part of the National Romantic movement during the late 19th and early 20th centuries. It is often considered to be a form of Art Nouveau. National romance is a designation of a building style in Denmark and Scandinavia in the period approx. 1890 to 1910.

Taliesin Fellowship

a community of apprentices and their families who lived, worked and studied with Frank Lloyd Wright first at Taliesin in Wisconsin and later also at Taliesin West in Arizona.

Cite Radieuse

a high- density residential development, characteristic of the Unite d'habitation concept design developed by Le Corbusier

Cantilever

a long projecting beam or girder fixed at only one end, used chiefly in bridge construction.

Metabolism

a post-war Japanese architectural movement that fused ideas about architectural megastructures with those of organic biological growth. It had its first international exposure during CIAM's 1959 meeting and its ideas were tentatively tested by students from Kenzo Tange's MIT studio.

Postmodernism

a style or movement which emerged in the 1960s as a reaction against the austerity, formality, and lack of variety of modern architecture, particularly in the international style advocated by Le Corbusier and Ludwig Mies van der Rohe.

Functionalism

a theory in architecture which states that the buildings should be designed based on the function of the building. In the early 1900s, functionalism emerged as a need to build better for the people in terms of the functions of a space.

Le Modulor

an anthropometric scale of proportions devised by the Swiss-born French architect Le Corbusier (1887-1965). It was developed as a visual bridge between two incompatible scales, the imperial and the metric system. It is based on the height of a man with his arm raised. It was used as a system to set out a number of Le Corbusier's buildings and was later codified into two books.

Pop Art

art based on modern popular culture and the mass media, especially as a critical or ironic comment on traditional fine art values.

Vernacular

building done outside any academic tradition, and without professional guidance. This category encompasses a wide range and variety of building types, with differing methods of construction, from around the world, both historical and extant, representing the majority of buildings and settlements created in pre-industrial societies.

Structural Rationalism

the belief that architecture should be shaped by a proper understanding of materials (especially industrial materials like iron, steel, plate glass and reinforced concrete) which will lead to a style based on the precision, rationality and economy of engineering.

Neo-Plasticism

the ultimate style of modern art. As well as abstract painting, it influenced many different types of design and architecture. It also had a specific impact on certain variants of Abstract Expressionism (such as hard edge painting), and proved to be an important precursor to Minimalism.