are130: quiz 3

What is cultural poaching? Re-stitching? How does Deborah Bright use these techniques in her Dream Girl series? How is this series about omissions?

Cultural poaching: appropriating images from familiar movies to convey LGBTQ+ themes. Re-stitching: reimagining classic films with the inclusion of LGBTQ+ identities.

Susan Middleton and David Littschwager photography animals and plants. Explain how their work is eco-art.

Susan Middleton and David Littschwager's photography of animals and plants is eco-art because they photograph species of animals, plants, birds, insects, and reptiles that are endangered in the U.S. These photos are taken with the goal to recognize the mass amount of species at risk and raise awareness.

Link the statement that "museums do not just gather valuable objects but make objects valuable by gathering them" to the appropriations series by The Art Guys.

The Art Guys used humor to challenge the museum institution. The Appropriating Project is a series of objects appropriated from museum directors, gallery owners, and patrons. The objects were displayed inside glass display boxes (vitrine) with brass plaque. The Art Guys collected seemingly normal objects and gave them value through their display.

What are some of the forms street art takes?

Street art takes form of stenciled images, stickers, poster art, murals, yarn bombing, street instilations, LED art, videos, etc.

How does a museum act as a "frame" for our experiences there?

A museum acts as a "frame" for our human experiences because a frame on an artwork helps to visually and mentally define the object inside as special and as something apart from that around it. Frames can be a building, the wood around a 2D image, a vitrine, or a pedestal.

How does a vitrine act as a "screen" in the museum?

A vitrine acts as a "screen" in the museum because it focuses our attention on objects inside. It transforms the object inside, connoting it is: rare, precious, & valuable.

What does "percent for art" mean?

"Percent for art" is public funded and a percent of public building projects (buildings, roads, other public works) is allocated to beautification efforts.

How does Andrea Fraser challenge the museum voice in Little Frank and His Carp?

Andrea Fraser challenges the museum voice in Little Frank and His Carp by creating a rather strange performance. She directly obeys the instructions of the museum-provided automated tour device. The device said "surrender, in amazement, to the genius architect and the power of his titanium and glass structure. It appears as though she was practically making love to the museum's walls.

Explain Andy Warhol's Raid the Icebox and Mark Dion's Tate Thames Dig in terms of the factors that influence our museum experience.

Andy Warhol's Raid the Icebox included artwork that had been left in the storage rooms of museums and used the artwork to curate displays. He created new contexts for the displayed objects, rearranging existing displays to confront the viewer (and the museum). He questioned how curators shape interpretations of history, value, and language through display. Mark Dion's Tate Thames Dig involved himself and other volunteers combing through the beach of the Thames River, London collecting trash. These objects were then placed in a cabinet with no distinction of objects with or without value. Everything from toothbrushes to bottle caps were displayed and there was no context given, being completely up for interpretation.

How does Banksy try to subvert the art world?

Banksy tries to subvert the art world by having his artwork sold at an auction and immediately upon being sold, the art goes through a shredder inside the frame, although the shredder got stuck and only shredded half the piece. No one was aware of the shredding process. Banksy's goal was to illustrate that his art, and so many others, is being sold for extremely high prices yet is often a simple piece of paper or canvas and can be destroyed in a blink of an eye.

What are the four main areas discussed in relation to the museum effect and institutional critique?

Building, what is vs. not displayed, language used (voice), and methods of display. Can you describe artworks from each of these four themes? Building: MoMA, enclosed building with few windows and faced with white marble (first white box museum). What is vs What is not displayed: In Raid the Icebox, Warhol included artwork that had been left in the storage rooms of museums and used the artwork to curate displays. He created new contexts for the displayed objects, rearranging existing displays to confront the viewer (and the museum). He questioned how curators shape interpretations of history, value, and language through display. Language used (voice): Andrea Fraser challenges the museum voice in Little Frank and His Carp by creating a rather strange performance. She directly obeys the instructions of the museum-provided automated tour device. The device said "surrender, in amazement, to the genius architect and the power of his titanium and glass structure. It appears as though she was practically making love to the museum's walls. Methods of display: Damien Hirst has used vitrine in his work to challenge our understanding of the use of the vitrine as a screen. His most famous work was when a real (dead) shark was placed inside a vitrine (a glass/steel container) and encased in formaldehyde. The debate was sparked on whether this, and many others he produced like this, should be considered art.

What are some common themes in street art?

Common themes in street art are adbusting, subvertising, and other cultural jamming, reclaiming the streets, and abolishment of private property and capitalism.

Suggest an artist who uses a vitrine in his or her work to challenge our understanding of the use of the vitrine as a screen.

Damien Hirst has used vitrine in his work to challenge our understanding of the use of the vitrine as a screen. His most famous work was when a real (dead) shark was placed inside a vitrine (a glass/steel container) and encased in formaldehyde. The debate was sparked on whether this, and many others he produced like this, should be considered art.

What is the difference between Eco Art and Environmental Art?

Environmental Art refers to all art that deals with the environment. Eco Art is a distinct genre of Environmental Art that involves ecological systems restoration, as well as socially engaged, activist, community-based interventions. It can be political. It aims to raise public awareness.

Robert Colescott makes art about art. Explain what this means, based on his work.

Highlight minority groups omitted from the western canon.

How does Chris Jordan's Running the Numbers help us conceptualize our role in waste?

Humans can not conceptualize such large quantities of things. Chris Jordan's Running the Numbers allows us to grasp just how much trash humans produce in such short periods of time.

What are hyperaccumulators? How are they used to create a statement about landfills?

Hyperaccumulators are plants which actively detoxify the soil over time. Mle Chin used hyperaccumulators to bring attention to scientific methods used to clean and regenerate soil (specifically, over toxic landfills that are deemed unusable).

Do you believe that artists like Mr. Brainwash and Shephard Fairey are still street artists? Why or why not?

I do believe artists like Mr. Brainwash and Shephard Fairey are street artists because their art, like the definition of street art entails, is unsanctioned, distinguishing it also from government or business-sponsored public art projects.

What is institutional critique?

Institutional critique is artists who have critically analyzed/questioned how the museum functions, how museums shape knowledge, culture and our understanding of what art is and what it means.

NYC's Museum of Modern Art was revolutionary architecturally because...

It was the first to leave behind the "Museum as Temple" aesthetic. It is the first example of "white cube" or "white box" museum architecture.

What ideas of Josef Beuys might cause some people to call him a parent of the eco-art movement?

Joseph Beuys is called the parent of the eco-art movement because he is one of the earliest, most famous artists of this movement. Josef saw art as a part of life and as coming out of life, becoming an important concept for future eco-artists. 7000s oaks project: every tree was accompanied by a columnar basalt stele as a marker, symbolic of the ability of oppositional qualities (unchanging, solid stone next to a growing, organic tree) to coexist peacefully.

Explain how world-famous violinist Joshua Bell playing his violin in the DC metro is "art without a frame."

Joshua Bell playing violin in the DC metro is "art without a frame" because he's not being presented in a way that makes him important and deemed art. He is performing without being recognized as a world-famous artist on a stage, rather the complete opposite.

What is the story told in Judy Baca's Great Wall of Los Angeles? Why is it significant that at-risk youth worked with Baca to create the mural?

Judy Baca's Great Wall of Los Angeles tells the story of the history of ethnic peoples (from the prospective of minority groups) in the history of California. It is significant that at-risk youth worked with Baca to create the mural because most of these children were Chicano/a or African American, being two of the most underrepresented groups in California History books.

What artistic or compositional strategy do Liittschwager & Middleton use to draw attention to endangered species?

Littschwager and Middleton take real live animals, take their picture (with help of a team), and remove the background. Species depend on their habitat and yet in the photos the habitat is not found, being a unique style of animal photography.

Compare Liittschwager & Middleton's Witness photographs to Nelson's Bird Yarns. What makes them similar? What makes them different?

Littschwager and Middleton worked with biologists, ecologists, animal keepers, and others to take pictures of a variety of species with no background (different from them being in their usual environment). Deirdre Nelson's Bird Yarns was yarn made from birds. These birds would be placed all over Scottland and involved the help of willing participants to make these birds as well.

Gavin Turk's Paint, Two Rollers, and a Brush is an example of Institutional Critique. Which of the 4 areas of the Museum Effect is he critiquing?

Methods of Display

Should the work of Muniz in his series, Photographs of Garbage, fall under the category of eco-art? What other issue does this series capture?

Muniz's series, Photographs of Garbage, falls under the category of eco-art because it is using landfill to create something beautiful. It recognizes the mass amount of garbage that is produced. His work in portraiture brings attention to marginalized populations and environmental hazards. Furthermore, the proceeds go to help establish better recycling systems in other parts of the world.

What functions does public art serve, according to lecture?

Public art is art that exists in public spaces. It is generally seen by the public-at-large. Public art can be created for educational purposes, entertainment, commemoration, to publicize ideals, and/or to create a public art collection.

What is the course of publicly funded art projects?

Publicly funded art projects are not very supported. "Public 'sensitivity' to public art is widespread and vociferous." -Author Erika Doss

What are rationales for publicly funded art?

Rationales for publicly funded art are public education, entertainment, commemoration, publicizing ideals, to expand public awareness of contemporary art by the installation of artworks by contemporary artists (a type of education), to enhance public spaces, beautification, and to lend distinction and character to a city.

What are some causes for debate when embarking on a public art project?

Some causes for debate when embarking on a public art project include the role of public funding, an artist's rights to his or her work, the role of the public in determining the value (economic and aesthetic) of a work of art, and whether public art should be judged by its popularity.

What makes street art different from public art?

Street art is different from public art in many ways. Street art is considered rebellious in nature and illegal in practice, while public art is commissioned by cities or property owners and is considered culturally enriching and socially acceptable. Publicly funded/organized vs. Independent Sanctioned vs. Unsanctioned Educational, Community Building vs. Subversive

What is the museum effect?

The museum effect are the practices of the museum that impact our ability to create personal connections with the art.

How was the work of Mazeaud inspired by the father of the Eco-Art movement, Josef Beuys?

The work of Mazeaud was inspired by the father of the Eco-Art movement, Josef Beuys, because of his concept that the individual life is a work of art, which means living according to one's values, rather than those imposed by society. Mazeaud would photograph people collecting trash, usually seen as an irrelevant task but he wanted to recognize all life as art, like Josef Bauys.

What is culture jamming?

Using popular brands/logos in subversive ways, undermining traditional power/authority of an established system. For example, using an iconic brand or logo to make a comment on consumer culture.