Art Appreciation Exam 1

Three-Dimensional Work of art?

-Have height, width, and depth -Possess four of the visual elements: form, volume, mass, and texture

What is the FUNCTION of art in a society?

-Human Purpose -Create extrodinary versions of ordinary objects. -Record and commemorate. -Give tangible form to the unknown. -Give tangible form to feelings and Ideas. -Refresh our vision, (see the world in a new way)

12 Step color wheel

-Yellow -Yellow Green -Green -Blue-green -Blue -Blue-violet -Violet -Red-violet -Red -Red orange -Orange -Yellow orange

Pendentives:

A curving triangular surface that links a dome to a square space below.

Renaissance

A period of culture and artistic change in Europe from the 14th- 17th centuries

Op art:

A style of art that exploits the physiology of seeing in order to create illusory optical effects

When an artist creates an image in two dimensions often they create?

An Illusion

Chiaroscuro:

An effect that creates an illusion of solidity and depth by using five defined Values

Negative Space:

An empty space given shape by its surroding EX: Hagia Sophia, 532-35 CE, Istanbul, Turkey

Form:

An object can be defined in three dimensions (height, width, and depth); two types of form - geometric and organic EX:Pyramids at Giza:

Context:

Circumstances surrounding the creation of a work of art. -Includes historical events, social conditions , artist's biography, and artist's intentions.

Complementary color combinations

Colors on the opposite side color wheel

Subversive Texture:

Contradicts our expectations or previous tactile experience. EX: Méret Oppenheim, Object, 1936. Fur-covered cup, saucer, and spoon, 27⁄8" high

Pierre Paul Prud'hon, Study for La Source, c. 1801. Black and white chalk on blue paper, 213⁄4 x 151⁄4"

EX: Chiaroscuro

Louise Bourgeois, Maman, 1999 (cast 2001). Bronze, stainless steel, and marble, 29'43⁄8" x 32'91⁄8 x 38'1". Guggenheim Museum, Bilbao, Spain

Ex: of subversive Texture

Mary Cassatt, The Boating Party,

Example of ANALOGOUS COLOR

Frederic Edwin Church, Twilight in the Wilderness,1860. Oil on canvas

Example of COMPLEMENTARY COLORS

rederic Edwin Church, Our Banner in the Sky, 1861. Oil on paper,

Example of COMPLEMENTARY COLORS

Hungry Tigress, panel from the Tamamushi Shrine, Horyu-ji Temple, Nara, Asuka period, c. 650.

Example of CONTINUOUS NARRATIVE

Masaccio, Tribute Money, c. 1427.

Example of CONTINUOUS NARRATIVE

Kane Kwei's Coffin in the Shape of a Cocoa Pod (Coffin Orange), c. 1970, on display at the De Young Fine Arts Museum of San Francisco

Example of HUE orange

Supergiant Games, screenshot from Transistor, 2014. Art Director, Jen Zee

Example of ISOMETRIC PERSPECTIVE

The Emperor Babur Overseeing His Gardeners, India, Mughal period, c. 1590. Tempera and gouache on paper,

Example of ISOMETRIC PERSPECTIVE

Rachel Whiteread, House, 1993. Concrete. Bow, London, England (demolished 1994)

Example of Negative space

Edith Hayllar, A Summer Shower, 1883

Example of One-point linear perspective

Masaccio, Trinity, c. 1425-6. Fresco,

Example of One-point linear perspective

The last supper

Example of One-point linear perspective

Antonio Lopez Garcia, New Refrigerator, 1991-94. Oil on canvas

Example of VANITAS

Jan de Heem, Still Life of Fruits, Nuts, Oysters, a Lobster, Insects, and a Snail on a Ledge with Various Vessels, c. 1670

Example of VANITAS Pg. 9 Sections 1.5

Eadweard Muybridge, The Horse in Motion, June 18, 1878.

Example of ZEOTROPE

Lumiére Brothers, Arrival of a Train at La Ciotat, 1895

Example of ZEOTROPE

What is a raku?

Handmade and fired ceramic Tea bowl. Madein Japan

5 defined values created by Chiaroscuro through a light source?

Highlight -Light -Core Shadow -Reflected light -Cast Shadow

Earthworks: Robert Smithson, Spiral Jetty, 1969-70. Black rock, salt crystals, and earth,

Large-Scale, outdoor environments that incorporate natural materials as the artistic media. EX: Robert Smithson, Spiral Jetty, 1969-70. Black rock, salt crystals, and earth, 160' diameter, coil length 1500 x 15'. Great Salt Lake, Utah

Hatching:

Lines that are on a subject EX:Michelangelo, Head of a Satyr, c. 1520-30. Pen and ink on paper.

Art during the Renaissance

Mona Lisa, Raku, West Africa mask shaped pendant

Cross-Hatching:

Overlapping Lines to intensify darkness of the art. EX:Michelangelo, Head of a Satyr, c. 1520-30. Pen and ink on paper.

We see depth when an artist _____ different shapes, or contrasts their sizes in a particular way?

Overlaps

Different systems of ____________ (atmospheric, isometric, linear) allow artists to create a new and convincing sense of depth

Perspective

Mass:

The degree to which a three-dimensional object has, or gives the illusion of having, weight, density, and bulk EX: Colossal Head, Olmec, 1500-1300 BCE

Abstract Art:

The degree to which an image is altered from an easily recognizable subject EX: 0.0.3 Louise Nevelson, White Vertical Water, 1972. Painted wood,

Space:

The distance between identifiable points or planes

Value:

The lightness or darkness of a surface

Content:

The meaning, message, or feeling expressed in an artwork

Subject Matter:

The person, place, or object depicted in an artwork

Hierarchical Scale

The use of size of denote relative importance of subjects in an artwork. EX: The Journey of the Sun God Re, detail from the inner coffin of Nespawershefi, 990-969 BCE. Plastered and painted wood.

Open Volume:

To create an enclosed space with materials that are not completely solid EX: Ralph Helmick and Stuart Schechter, Ghostwriter, 1994. Cast metal/stainless cable,

Vanitas:

Tradition of still life painting, especially popular in northern Europe in the 17th century, remind us of the vanity, or frivolous quality, of human existence. EX:Pieter Claesz, Vanitas with Violin and Glass Ball, c. 1628.

Techniques artist use to simply depth?

Value, Space and perspective

Continuous Narrative:

When different parts of a story are shown within the same visual space. EX:Workshop of the Master of Osservanza, The Meeting of St. Anthony and St. Paul

Analogous Color Combinations

When the colors have the same tent. Ex: PG 12 Color (notes)

afterimage effect:

When the eye sees the complementary color of something that the viewer has spent an extended time viewing EX:Jasper Johns, Flag

One-point linear perspective

a perspective system with a single vanishing point on the horizon

Isometric Perspective:

all dimensions parallel to the three principal spatial axes are shown in their true proportions. EX: Xu Yang, The Qianlong Emperor's Southern Inspection Tour, Scroll Six: Entering Suzhou and the Grand Canal, Qing Dynasty, 1770 (detail). Handscroll, ink, and color on silk

Action Painting:

application of paint to canvas by dripping, splashing, or smearing that emphasizes the artist's gestures. EX: Jackson Pollock, Number 1A, 1948. Oil and enamel paint on canvas

Representational Art:

art that depicts figures and objects so that we recognize what is represented. EX:Frederic Edwin Church, Niagara,

Tenebrism:

dramatic use of intense darkness and light to heighten the impact of a painting; from the Italian "tenebroso," meaning "murky" EX:Artemisia Gentileschi, Judith and Her Maidservant with the Head of Holofernes

Hue:

general classification of a color; the distinctive characteristics of a color seen in the visible spectrum, such as green, red, or orange

Atmospheric Perspective:

method of creating the illusion of depth, or recession, in a painting or drawing by modulating colour to simulate changes effected by the atmosphere on the colours of things seen at a distance. EX: Asher Brown Durand, Kindred Spirits, 1849.

Zoetrope- Theory of Persistence of Vision:

separate images presented to the human eye at regular intervals appear as a continuous sequence

Perspective:

the creation of the illusion of depth in a two-dimensional image by using mathematical principles (atmospheric, isometric, linear)

Artists anticipate the effects of light on an object by subtle variations in____?

value