Art Chapter 24

Description of Gentileschi's Judith slaying Holofernes

- adopted tenebrism and dark subject matter (favored by Caravaggio) - it was a narritive involving a heroic woman ( a favorite for this artisit) - relates the delievery of israel from the assyrians. Holofernes the assyrain general invited Judith to his tent, but he was drunk and fell asleep. Judith then beheads him.

Carracci's Flight into Egypt

- based on the biblical narrative from Matthew 2:13-14 - created the ideal landscape in which nature appears ordered by divine law and human reason

Cortona's Triumph of the Barberini details:

- divine providence appears in a halo of radiant light directing immortality, holding a crown of stars, to bestow eternal life on the family - the virtues of faith, hope, and charity hold a gigantic laurel wreth (a symbol of immortality), which frames three bees (the barberini family's symbols). - also present the papal tiara and keys announcing the personal triumphs of Urban VIII

Las Meninas by Diego Velazquez details:

- his greatest work - he represneted himself standing before a large canvas - princess margarita is in the foreground w her two maids in waiting, her fav dwarfs, and a large dog. - in the middle ground a woman in widows attire and a male escort. - in the background a chamberlain stands in a open doorway. - scholars cannot agree on any interpretation of the painting

Reni's Aurora details:

- influenced by Carracci and Rapheal. - it is a ceiling fresco in the Casino Rospigliosi in Rome. - Aurora(dawn) leads Apollo's chariot while the hours dance about it

Caravaggio's Calling of St. Matthew

- invoked michelangelos creation of adam hand gesture

Did Philip III and Philip IV value art?

Although the start of the Baroque period began when the kings were struggling to maintain control of their dwindling empire, both understood the prestige that great artworks brought and the value of visual imagery. They spend lavishly on art.

Who was the most renowned female painter of the 17th century

Artemisia Gentileschi

Who did Artemisia Gentileschi draw influence from?

From Caravaggio's dark subject matter\

What did Giovanni Pietro Bellori think of Caravaggio?

He believed that his refusal to emulate the models of his predecessors threatened the whole classical tradition of italian painting.

What did Cardinal Del Monte give Caravaggio?

He gave him a steady income in exchange for a selection of his paintings.

What was Bernini famous for?

He had an international reputation as a architect and sculptor. He was known for manipulating marble to show facility and boldness and flexible softness.

How did Ribera emulate Caravaggio?

He made naturalism and compelling drama primary ingredients of his paintings, which often embraced brutal themes, relflecting the harsh times of counter reformation and the spanish taste for stories showing courage and devotion.

Who was cardinal Del Monte?

He was a lover of art and music who headed a papal committee to study the reform of the liturgical music and oversaw the sistine choir.

How does Bernini's David distinguish itself from Renaissance images of the same subject?

His statue shows David in the heat of combat.

What scenes had great appeal in spain?

death and martyrdom

Baroque

emerged in the early 1600s, a style of complexity and drama in Italian art. Using dynamism, theatricality, and elaborite ornamentation. (Ex Bernini's Ecstasy of St. Teresa)

After the king appointed Velazquez court painter...

he abandoned both religious and genre subjects in favor of royal portraits and canvases recording historical events.

How does Caravaggio invoke Michelangelo's creation of adam in his Calling of Saint Matthew?

in the hand gesture

genre scene

is a scene of everyday life

Tenebrism

is the use of dark settings (in Caravaggio's paintings)

What was art like in spain in the 17th century?

it maintained its commitment to Catholic orthodox and Spanish Baroque artists sought ways to move viewers and encourgae greater devotion and piety.

What does Cotan call his paintings?

offerings to the virgin (most likely in referance to mary as the source of spiritual food for the faithful)

Still lifes

paintings of artfully arranged inanimate objects

Where did the habsburg kings build a dynastic state?

portugal, part of italy, the netherlands, and other areas of the new world.

By what time did spain establish itself as an international power?

the 16th century

Classical landscape

the positioning of objects was contrived; every tree, rock, or animal was carefully placed to present a harmonious, balanced, and timeless mood.

What happened in response to Philip III and Philip IV campaigns for the 30 years' war?

they led to higher taxes. the increasing tax burden on Spanish subjects incited revolts and civil war on an already fragile academy.

What was the aim of Italian Baroque Art

was to restore the predominance of the Catholic Church following their response to the reformation at the council of trent.

Velazquez's Water Carrier of Seville Details:

- reveals Velazquez's impressive command of the painters craft at 20 - conveys a deeper significance, he rendered the figures with clarity and dignity.

When did the imperial age of the spanish habsburgs end?

1660 bc of economic woes

What was Carracci known for?

Classical landscape settings that take precedence over the narrative of his paintings.

Who commissioned a ceiling fresco for the Gran Salone?

In 1633 the nephews of Pope urban commissioned it for the private residence in Rome the Palazzo Barberini

Who brought the style of Caravaggio to Spain?

Jose de Ribera

Who made still life painting an important genre in 17th century Spain?

Juan Sanchez Cotan

Guido Reni:

Known as the divine Guido. He trained in Bolognese art academy.

Who made the ceiling for the Barbeni family and why?

Pietro da Cortona deployed the drama and majesty offered by the height and scale of a ceiling fresco to glorify the family.

Who designed the iconographic program for the Barberini ceiling?

Poet Francesco Bracciolini centered on the accomplishments of the family.

What did Velazquez become?

The first painter to the king and chamberlin of the palace.

Who was Diego Velazquez?

The foremost Spanish painter of the Baroque age and the greatest beneficiary of Royal patronage.

What else was Caravaggio criticized for?

The imitation of common and vulgar things and for destroying the antiquity and Raphael.

The Bolognese Academy

Was the first significant institution of its kind in the history of western art. This is where Carracci receved much of his training.

What did Cotan paint

although he painted religious subjects his greatest works are still lifes that he produced before monastatic life

Why was Caravaggio the Anti-Christ of painting?

because of his disdain for the classical matters. this brought criticism from many artists.